20.We already have iris(虹膜) and fingerprint scanning but noses could be an even better method of identification,says a study from the University of Bath,UK.
The researchers scanned noses in 3D and characterized them.They found 6main nose types:Roman,Greek,Nubian,hawk,snub and turn-up.Since they are hard to hide,the study says,noses would work well for identification.
The researchers say noses have been overlooked in the growing field of biometrics,studies into ways of identifying distinguishing characters of people."Noses are out standing facial features and yet their use as a biometric has been largely unexplored,"said the University of Bath's Dr Adrian Evans."Ears have been looked at in detail,eyes have been looked at in terms of iris recognition but the nose has been ignored."
The researchers used a system called PhotoFace,developed by researchers at the University of the West of England in Bristol,for the 3D scans.
Several measurements by which noses can be recognised were identified and the team developed recognition software based on these parameters(范围)
"This initial work is nowhere as good as iris identification but the nose has pros and cons,"said Dr Evans.
There's no magic biometric that solves all your problems.Irises are a powerful biometric but can be difficult to get accurately and can be easily covered by eyelids or glasses.People can easily cover up their ears,with their hair for example.
"Of course you can have a broken nose or wear a false nose or have plastic surgery but to have nose surgery to change your identity is fairly obvious.Irises are very good for recognition but you can put in dilation drops which change the iris completely.Not all techniques are reliable,"he said.
The research is based on a study of 40noses and the data base has now been expanded to 160for further tests to see if the software can pick out people from a larger group and distinguish between relatives.
Dr Evans hopes the method can be proven to be effective on this larger sample."The technique certainly shows potential,perhaps to be used in combination with other identification methods,"he said.
57.Where can you probably read this article?B
A.In a newspaper about education.
B.In a newspaper about science
C.In a newspaper about software
D.In a newspaper about dress-up
58.Which is true according to the passage?D
A.Dr Adrian Evans works at the University of the West of England in Bristol,
B.The researchers used a system called Photoshop for the 3D scans.
C.The research is based on a study of 160noses.
D.The research team developed their own recognition software.
59.The word overlooked in the third paragraph possibly means:D
A.well-studied B.carefully-scanned
C.wholly-recognized D.carelessly-studied
60.We can infer from the last three paragraphs thatA.
A.The consequence of the method remains to be seen
B.Dr Evans is sure that the method can be used to pick out uncles and nephews.
C.More new soft wares will be developed to do the research.
D.This method can still be used if your nose is broken.
分析 文章讲述了一种新的身份识别方法,通过鼻子来鉴定身份.目前广泛采用的身份识别方法有虹膜识别,指纹识别等,但鼻子识别身份的方法还没有得到充分利用.英国的研究小组对这种方法进行了开发,其效果还有待进一步测试.
解答 答案:57.B 推理判断题.文章讲述的是通过鼻子来鉴定身份的方法,是最新的科技报道,应该是科技类的文章.故选B.
58.D 细节判断题.文章第五段说Several measurements by which noses can be recognised were identified and the team developed recognition software based on these parameters研究小组开发了一款通过鼻子识别身份的软件.故选D.
59.D 猜测词意题.文章第三段说Ears have been looked at in detail,eyes have been looked at in terms of iris recognition but the nose has been ignored耳朵,眼睛用于识别身份都得到了研究,但鼻子的识别方法被忽略了.故选D.
60.A 推理判断题.文章最后两段说The research is based on a study of 40noses and the data base has now been expanded to 160for further tests to see if the software can pick out people from a larger group and distinguish between relatives目前已鼻子鉴定身份的数据库还存在不足,效果还需要进一步测试.故选A.
点评 阅读理解是考查语篇理解能力.常考的题型有:推理判断题;主旨大意题;细节理解题;猜测词意题.近几年又出现了两种新的考查方式:写作态度判断题和文章结构题.解题时,在读懂文章的基础上,还有特别注意掌握题型的特征,尤其是细节题和推断题不可混淆:细节题是文章信息的再现;推断题是文章信息的提取.本题是广告类文章,考查主要是以细节题为主,细节题要注意常用的出题陷阱有:夸大,缩小,张冠李戴,偷梁换柱,无中生有等,做题时要看清看准.