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    5．Five years ago，David Smith wore an expensive suit to work every day．"I was a clothes addict，"he jokes．"I used to carry a fresh suit to work with me so I could change if my clothes got wrinkled．"Today David wears casual clothes-khaki pants and sports shirt-to the office．He hardly ever wears a necktie．"I'm working harder than ever，"David says，"and I need to feel comfortable．"
    More and more companies are allowing their office workers to wear casual clothes to work．In the United States，the change from formal to casual office wear has been gradual．In the early 1990s，many companies allowed their employees to wear casual clothes on Friday，but only on Friday．This became known as"dress-down Friday"or"casual Friday"．"What started out as an extra one-day-a-week benefit for employees has really become an everyday thing．"said business consultant Maisly Jones．
    Why have so many companies started allowing their employees to wear casual clothes？One reason is that it's easier for a company to attract new employees if it has a casual dress code．"A lot of young people don't want to dress up for work，"says the owner of a software company，"so it's hard to hire people if you have a conservative （保守的） dress code．"Another reason is that people seem happier and more productive when they are wearing comfortable clothes．In a study conducted by Levi Strauss Company，85 percent of employers said that they believe that casual dress improves employee morale（士气）．Only 4 percent of employers said that casual dress has a negative effect on productivity．Supporters of casual office wear also argue that a casual dress code helps them save money．"Suits are expensive，if you have to wear one every day，"one person said．"For the same amount of money，you can buy a lot more casual clothes．"
    28．David Smith refers to himself as"a clothes addict，"becauseC．
    A．he often wore khaki pants and a sports shirt
    B．he couldn't stand a clean appearance
    C．he wanted his clothes to look neat all the time
    D．he didn't want to spend much money on clothes
    29．David Smith wears casual clothes now，becauseA．
    A．they make him feel at ease when working
    B．he cannot afford to buy expensive clothes
    C．he looks handsome in casual clothes
    D．he no longer works for any company
    30．According to this passage，which of the following statements is TRUE？C
    A．Company workers started to dress down every day about twenty years ago．
    B．Comfortable clothes make employees more productive．
    C．Dress-down has become an everyday phenomenon since the early 1990s．
    D．Many workers want to wear casual clothes to impress people．
    31．In this passage，the following advantages of casual office wear are mentioned exceptB．
    A．saving employees'money             
    B．making employees more attractive
    C．improving employees'motivation     
    D．making employees happier．

    分析 从20世纪90年代起，美国许多公司开始允许员工星期五可以不统一着装上班．现在越来越多的公司许可领员工穿便装上班了，这对调节他们的心情，调动其工作热情有一定的作用．

    解答 28．C．细节理解题．大卫自嘲以前是服装爱好者，衣服一起皱，他就得换上备穿的服装；故选C．
    29．A．细节理解题．从第 1 段最后一句话"I'm working harder than ever，"David says，"and I need to feel comfortable．"可知David Smith现在穿休闲服，因为他们让他安心工作时；故选A．
    30．C．细节理解题．从第 2 段最后 1 句"What started out as an extra one-day-a-week benefit for employees has really become an everyday thing．"可知dress-down自20世纪90年代以来成为一种日常现象；故选C．
    31．B．推理判断题．通读最后一段可知休闲服有以下优点为雇员省钱，提高雇员的工作热情，使雇主高兴等三条，故选B．

    点评 考察学生的细节理解和推理判断能力，做细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原句，和题干进行比较，再做出正确的选择．在做推理判断题不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实，要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断．

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