Question

It is difficult for doctors to help a person with a damaged brain. Without enough blood, the brain lives for only three to five minutes. More often the doctors can’t fix the damage. Sometimes they are afraid to try something to help because it is dangerous to work on the brain. The doctors might make the person worse if he operates on the brain.

Dr. Robert White, a famous professor and doctor, thinks he knows a way to help. He thinks doctors should make the brain very cold. If it is very cold, the brain can live without blood for 30 minutes. This gives the doctor a longer time to do something for the brain.

Dr. White tried his idea on 13 monkeys. First he taught them to do different jobs, and then he op­erated on them. He made the monkeys' blood go through a machine. The machine cooled the blood. Then the machine sent the blood back to the monkeys' brains. When the brain’s tempera­ture was 10°C, Dr. White stopped the blood to the brain. After 30 minutes he turned the blood back on. He warmed the blood again. After their operations the monkeys were like they had been before. They were healthy and busy. Each one could still do the jobs the doctor had taught them.

1. The biggest difficulty in operating on the damaged brain is that _______.

A. the time is too short for doctors

B. the patients are often too nervous

C. the damage is extremely hard to fix

D. the blood-cooling machine might break down

2.The brain operation was made possible mainly by _______.

A. taking the blood out of the brain

B. trying the operation on monkeys first

C. having the blood go through a machine

D. lowering the brain’s temperature

3.With Dr. White’s new idea, the operation on the damaged brain _______.

A. can last as long as 30 minutes

B. can keep the brain’s blood warm

C. can keep the patient’s brain healthy

D. can help monkeys do different jobs

4. What is the right order of the steps in the operation?

a. send the cooled blood back to the brain

b. stop the blood to the brain

c. have the blood cooled down

d. operate on the brain

A. a, b, c, d B. c, a, b, d

C. c, b, d, a D. b, c, d, a

Answer 1

1.A

2.D

3.A

4.B

【解析】

试题分析：本文讲述了给头颅做手术是非常困难的，因为头颅没有血液流通时只有5分钟存活时间。而罗伯特医生发现了，将头颅的温度降低，可以延长头颅的存活时间。他用猴子做实验，并且获得了巨大的成功。

1.A细节题：文章第一段提到It is difficult for doctors to help a person with a damaged brain. Without enough blood, the brain lives for only three to five minutes说明了离开血液，头颅最多能活4分钟，而这就是做头颅手术最大的困难。答案选A。

2.D细节题：文章第二段提到了If it is very cold, the brain can live without blood for 30 minutes说明将头颅的温度降低，它的存活时间才能增加，才使得做头颅手术变成可能。答案选D。

3.A细节题：文章第二段提到If it is very cold, the brain can live without blood for 30 minutes.说明了医生认为，头颅冷却状态下能维持的时间是30分钟，所以答案选A。

4.B细节题：文章第三段中，提到了实验的顺序是1.The machine cooled the blood用机器. 2.Then the machine sent the blood back to the monkeys' brains.机器将血液送回猴子的大脑内3. Dr. White stopped the blood to the brain.止住头脑里的血液4. After their operations the monkeys were like they had been before.手术之后猴子又和以前一样了。所以答案选B。

考点：考查科技类短文阅读。