Roman buildings were popular only as long as builders were limited in how tall they could make a building. They had not learned how to support the walls of a tall building.
About 1140, a new kind of building appeared in Europe. These new buildings were churches, or cathedrals, and they were seen first in France. Today, these cathedrals are called Gothic(哥特式的) buildings. Their pointed arches(拱门) rise toward the sky. They look very different from the Roman buildings that have low arches and thick walls. Unlike the dark Pantheon(万神殿) all these buildings are full of light.
Builders of the Gothic cathedrals found a new way to build strong walls and tall arches. They built supports outside the building. These supports, called “flying buttress(扶壁) ”, helped hold the walls. Buttress made it possible to build high buildings.
One end of a narrow beam(栋梁), or the flying buttress, was planted away from the wall. The other end was placed high up on the wall. The flying buttress acted like a crutch(支柱).
Since these buildings had many windows, artists made pictures in them by using small pieces of colored glass held together with lead(铅). Sunlight shines through the glass and made soft splashes of color inside the churches. Stained(染色的) glass windows and flying buttresses were part of every Gothic cathedral.
1. The Roman did not build tall buildings because__________.
A. they didn’t want to use flying buttress
B. they didn’t know how to support tall walls
C. they didn’t need tall buildings
D. people liked low, round buildings better
2. The windows of Gothic cathedrals__________.
A. were made of colored glass
B. were very thick
C. were narrow and long
D. were like those in Roman buildings
3. We can infer from the passage that__________.
A. glass windows could support Gothic buildings
B. flying buttresses were only used to make the building more beautiful
C. tall buildings needed extra support for their walls
D. building Gothic cathedrals was an easy job
4. Which of the following is TRUE?
A. Roman buildings had no outside supports.
B. Roman buildings had large colored glass windows.
C. The walls of Roman buildings were not very thick.
D. Roman buildings looked much like Gothic buildings.
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导学与测试系列答案科目：高中英语 来源：2013届东北三校高三第二次联合模拟考试英语试卷（带解析） 题型：阅读理解
Years ago a farmer owned land along the Atlantic. He constantly advertised for hired hands. Most people were not willing to work on farms along the Atlantic because they worried about the terrible storms that destroy buildings and crops. The farmer received a steady stream of refusals at the interview for a farmhand
Finally, a short, thin man approached the farmer. “Are you a good farmhand?” the farmer asked him.
“Well, I can sleep when the wind blows. ” answered the little man.
Although puzzled by this answer ，the farmer, desperate for help, hired him. The little man worked well around the farm ，busy from dawn to dusk, and the farmer felt satisfied with the man's work.
Then one night the wind howled loudly from offshore. Jumping out of bed，the farmer grabbed a lantern and rushed next door to the hired hand’s sleeping quarters. He shook the little man and yelled， “ Get up! A storm is coming! Tie things down before they are blown away! ”
The little man rolled over in bed and said firmly, “No sir. I told you, I can sleep when the wind blows. ”
Enraged (激怒）by the response, the farmer was tempted to fire him on the spot ,Instead, he hurried outside to prepare for the storm. To his amazement，he discovered that all of the hay had been covered. The cows were in the bam，the chickens were in the coops，and the doors were barred The shutters were tightly secured. Everything was tied down, Nothing could be blown away.
The farmer then understood what his hired hand meant, so he also returned to his bed to sleep while the wind was still blowing.
【小题1】Why did the farmer constantly advertise for hired hands?
| A．Because he needed hired hands all. the year round. |
| B．Because there was too much work to do on the farm. |
| C．Because he could hardly hire a farmhand. |
| D．Because he offered poor conditions for the hired hands. |
| A．the Little man was sleeping | B．everything was in safety |
| C．the wind was too strong | D．he could not open the doors |
| A．He needed much sleep after working hard on the farm. |
| B．He was very brave and not afraid of wind |
| C．He enjoyed sleeping when the wind blew. |
| D．He would get everything done before the wind blew. |
| A．He was not afraid of storms. |
| B．He was a heavy sleeper under any condition |
| C．He was hard-working and devoted to his work. |
| D．He was fired shortly after he tied everything down. |
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科目：高中英语 来源：甘肃省兰州市皋兰一中第五次模拟英语试题 题型：阅读理解
Planting trees around poultry farms can improve air and water quality -- and relations with neighbors. Research has shown that just three rows of trees near poultry houses can reduce the release of dust and ammonia(氨). They can also reduce the strong smell of ammonia gas.
The trees take dust, ammonia and odors in their leaves. They also provide shade from the sun, so they reduce cooling costs in summer. And they act as a windbreak, so they reduce heating costs in winter. Trees can also improve water quality around farms by removing pollutions from soil and groundwater.
Several years ago, people were objecting to the odor of poultry farms on the Delmarva Peninsula in the eastern United State s. Delmarva is where the states of Delaware, Maryland and Virginia come together. Two thousand farms there can each house an average of seventy-five thousand chickens.
Traditionally the farms used windows to provide fresh air in the chicken houses. Farmers rarely planted trees or tall crops around the buildings, so there would be no barrier to the airflow. But then farms began to use new ventilation systems. Instead of windows, the new systems used tunnel fans to circulate air. The fans directed airflow from the poultry houses toward the homes of neighbors.
Researchers began dealing with the problem in two thousand. They found that over a period of six years, planting three rows of trees reduced total dust and ammonia by more than half. And they found that smells were reduced by eighteen percent.
Farmers may think trees will take too long to grow and be effective. But some trees can grow quickly. At least one-third of the Delmarva farms have planted trees, technically known as vegetative environmental buffers. The idea offers a way to cut pollution, save money and energy, and make the neighbors happy.
【小题1】The second paragraph mainly tells us ______.
| A．planting trees as much as possible |
| B．the advantages of trees |
| C．how to reduce heating costs |
| D．why trees are received |
| A．plant | B．smell | C．height | D．water |
| A．trees | B．tunnel fans | C．windows | D．poles |
| A．three rows of trees are really good to the environment |
| B．researches began to realize the problem in 2000 |
| C．most farmers show interest in planting trees |
| D．the trees growing quickly can be cut off in a few years |
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科目：高中英语 来源：2010届江苏省南通、扬州、泰州三市高三第二次模拟考试英语试题 题型：阅读理解
Saving the Planet with Earth-Friendly Bamboo Products
Jackie Heinricher’s love affair with bamboo started in her backyard. “As a child, I remember playing among the golden bamboo my dad had planted, and when there was a slight wind, the bamboos sounded really musical.”
A fisheries biologist, Heinricher, 47, planned to work in the salmon industry in Seattle, where she lived with her husband, Guy Thornburgh, but she found it too competitive. Then her garden gave her the idea for a business: She’d planted 20 bamboo forests on their seven-acre farm.
Heinricher started Boo-Shoot Gardens in 1998. She realized early on what is just now beginning to be known to the rest of the world. It can be used to make fishing poles, skateboards, buildings, furniture, floors, and even clothing. An added bonus: Bamboo absorbs four times as much carbon dioxide as a group of hardwood trees and releases 35 percent more oxygen.
First she had to find a way to mass-produce the plants—a tough task, since bamboo flowers create seed only once every 50 to 100 years. And dividing a bamboo plant frequently kills it.
Heinricher appealed to Randy Burr, a tissue culture expert, to help her. “People kept telling us we’d never figure it out,” says Heinricher. “Others had worked on it for 27 years! I believed in what we were doing, though, so I just kept going.”
She was right to feel a sense of urgency. Bamboo forests are being rapidly used up, and a United Nations report showed that even though bamboo is highly renewable, as many as half of the world’s species are threatened with dying out. Heinricher knew that bamboo could make a significant impact on carbon emissions (排放) and world economies, but only if huge numbers could be produced. And that’s just what she and Burr figured out after nine years of experiments—a way to grow millions of plants. By placing cuttings in test tubes with salts, vitamins, plant hormones, and seaweed gel, they got the plants to grow and then raised them in soil in greenhouses.
Not long after it, Burr’s lab hit financial difficulties. Heinricher had no experience running a tissue culture operation, but she wasn’t prepared to quit. So she bought the lab.
Today Heinricher heads up a profitable multimillion-dollar company, working on species from all over the world and selling them to wholesalers. “If you want to farm bamboo, it’s hard to do without the young plants, and that’s what we have,” she says proudly.
56. What was the main problem with planting bamboo widely?
A. They didn’t have enough young bamboo.
B. They were short of money and experience.
C. They didn’t have a big enough farm to do it.
D. They were not understood by other people.
57. What does Heinricher think of bamboo?
A. Renewable and acceptable B. Productive and flexible.
C. Useful and earth-friendly. D. Strong and profitable.
58. The underlined word “renewable” in Paragraph 6 probably means “________”.
A. able to be replaced naturally B. able to be raised difficultly
C. able to be shaped easily D. able to be recycled conveniently
59. What do you learn from the passage?
A. Heinricher’s love for bamboo led to her experiments in the lab.
B. Heinricher’s determination helped her to succeed in her work.
C. Heinricher struggled to prevent bamboo from disappearing.
D. Heinricher finally succeeded in realizing her childhood dream.
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科目：高中英语 来源：2010年河北省石家庄市高中毕业班第一次模拟考试英语试题 题型：填空题
短文改错(共l0小题；每小题l．5分，满分l5分)
此题要求改正所给短文中的错误。对标有题号的每一行做出判断：妞无错误，在该
行右边横线上画一个勾(、／高☆考♂资♀源?)；如有错误(每行只有一个错误)，则按下列情况改正：
此行多一个词：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉，在该行右边横线上写出该词，并也用斜线划掉。
此行缺—个词：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(^)，在该行右边横线上写出该加的词。
此行错一个词：在错的词下划一横线，在该行右边横线上写出改正后的词。
注意：原行没有错的不要改。
I just come back from Britain last week．I Was 76．_________
luckily enough to be one of the students from many 77．_________
different country to visit the UK from Feb．16 to 28．78．_________
We paid a visit to a good many of places，like London，79．_________
0xford or the Lake District．I learned much about British 80．_________
culture and history in London， where was my favorite． 81．_________
I also liked Oxford, in which I saw much more old buildings．82．_________
The Lake District was beautiful，but it was pity that it 83．_________
rained heavily when we were there．The most excited thing84．_________
for me in Britain was that I made a lot of friends there．85．_________
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科目：高中英语 来源：2013-2014学年山西省高一上学期期中考试英语试卷（解析版） 题型：其他题
完成句子（共10小题；每小题1分，，满分10分）
1.The school year ____ _____ _____ (被分成)two semesters.
2.They have ____ _____ (建造)a lot of high-rise buildings recently.
3.She explains exactly what is happening and _____ ______ _____ (因此)my work is improving.
4.Travelling _____ _____ ______ (以……速度)over 400 kilometers per hour, the train can complete the 30-kilometre journey in eight minutes.
5.When we use metals, it is important to know how they _____ _____ (对……起反应)different substances.
6.NSFNET _____ _____ _____ the Inter-Network, or “Internet”. （作为…而闻名）
7.The reaction of metals with these substances can be _____ _____ _____（按顺序排列）
8.In America, students and teachers are quite _____ _____ each other, but teachers can have big problems with discipline. （和……在一起很放松）
9.Ghan _____ _____ _____ Afghanistan （是…的缩写）
10.She gave us instructions and then we worked _____ _____ （单独地，独自地）
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