Question

【题目】 Dyslexia is a problem that interferes (干扰) with the ability to recognize words and connect sounds with letters when people read. People with this learning disorder may also have problems when they write. Dyslexia is not related to eyesight or intelligence. The problem involves (涉及)areas of the brain that process language.

Brain scientists are studying whether they can predict which young children may struggle with reading, in order to provide early help. John Gabrieli is leading a study of five-year-olds in about twenty schools. He says, “We partner with schools that have kindergartens. What we do is, for all the children whose parents permit them to participate, we give them a brief set of paper-and-pencil tests to look at which children appear to be at some risk for struggling to read.

So far, fifty of the kindergartners have been examined in a machine that shows brain activity. The scanner uses a high-energy magnetic (有磁性的) field and radio waves to “look” inside the body. Written tests which are often used in previous studies are not always able to identify dyslexia or other problems. Professor Gabrieli says, “Brain scans may offer a more scientific way to identify problems.

And with reading problems, early identification is important. Reading problems are not usually identified until a child is in the third or fourth grade. The later children are recognized as poor readers, the less these interventions can help. And, as Professor Gabrieli points out, poor reading can make education a struggle. Reading is everything. Even math and science require one to read textbooks.

【1】What do we know about Dyslexia?

A.It results in poor eyesight.

B.It is related to brain activity.

C.It only causes reading difficulty.

D.It has an influence on intelligence.

【2】What does the underlined word “interventions” in the last paragraph probably mean?

A.Approaches.B.Researches.

C.Instructions.D.Treatments.

【3】How is Professor Gabrieli’s study different from early ones?

A.It is scientifically based.

B.It focuses on written tests.

C.It examines children’s brains.

D.It needs parents’ participation.

【4】What can be a suitable title for the text?

A.Dyslexia – a Learning Disorder Involving Intelligence

B.Dyslexia – a Problem Relating to Kindergartners

C.A Way Identifying Dyslexia at an Early Stage

D.A Machine Showing Brain Development

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】B

【2】D

【3】C

【4】C

【解析】

本文为说明文。讲述了孩子阅读困难症的症状、研究及治疗的时期和必要性等内容。并指出如果问题能被尽早发现，治疗起来会有更好的效果。

【1】细节理解题。根据第一段“Dyslexia is not related to eyesight or intelligence. The problem involves (涉及)areas of the brain that process language.” 阅读障碍与视力或智力无关。这个问题涉及到(涉及)过程语言的大脑区域。由此可知，阅读障碍与大脑活动有关，故选B。

【2】猜测词义题。根据前面的“And with reading problems, early identification is important. Reading problems are not usually identified until a child is in the third or fourth grade” 对于阅读问题，早期识别是很重要的。阅读问题通常在孩子三、四年级时才会被发现。以及“The later children are recognized as poor readers, the less these interventions can help.”儿童越晚被认为是阅读能力差，这些“interventions”的帮助就越小。即被诊断越晚，治疗措施对他们的帮助就越小，可推断出interventions意为“治疗”，故选D。

【3】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Written tests which are often used in previous studies are not always able to identify dyslexia or other problems. Professor Gabrieli says, “Brain scans may offer a more scientific way to identify problems.” 以前的研究中经常使用的书面测试并不总是能够识别阅读障碍或其他问题。加布里埃里教授说:“脑部扫描可能提供了一种更科学的方法来识别问题。”，由此可推断出加布里埃里教授的研究与早期的不同点在于它研究儿童的大脑。故选C。

【4】主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文叙述了幼儿阅读障碍的症状及影响，早期识别进行治疗很重要，因为阅读障碍越早发现，治疗起来效果越好的。于是科学家们发明了一种新的识别早期阅读障碍的方法。可知，本文前面部分叙述了阅读障碍的症状及影响，是为了下文发明早期识别阅读障碍的方法做铺垫的。因此 “一种早期识别阅读障碍的方法”作为题目最为恰当，故选C。

在阅读中我们经常会考查猜测词义题。事实上，阅读材料中的每个词与它前后的词语或句子甚至段落都有联系。运用逻辑推理猜测词义是使用最广考查最多也最易失分的猜词方式，这要求考生具备整合分散、复杂信息的能力，充分利用上下文（各种已知信息）并结合具体的语境推测、判断某些词或短语的词义。例如第2小题词意猜测题。根据前面的“And with reading problems, early identification is important. Reading problems are not usually identified until a child is in the third or fourth grade” 对于阅读问题，早期识别是很重要的。阅读问题通常在孩子三、四年级时才会被发现。以及“The later children are recognized as poor readers, the less these interventions can help.”儿童越晚被认为是阅读能力差，这些“interventions”的帮助就越小。即被诊断越晚，治疗措施对他们的帮助就越小，可推断出interventions意为“治疗”，故选D。