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    阅读理解

    　　Tsunami(海啸)is a natural disaster, which is a Japanese word that means “sea wave”．A tsunami is a huge sea wave that forms mainly in the Pacific Ocean area．People die and property is destroyed when a tsunami hits land．What causes these dangerous sea waves? Sometimes, tsunamis are caused when earthquakes take place underwater．Then, water begins to move up and down from the top of the ocean right down to the bottom．Waves begin to form, and each wave is called a tsunami．

    　　A tsunami is less than one meter high and can move at a speed of almost 800 kilometers per hour while it is far out in the ocean．But the tsunami rises much higher and moves more slowly as it comes closer to land．

    　　The weather bureau(气象局)warns people over the radio and television when a tsunami is heading for land．These warnings have helped save many lives．

    (1)

    The Japanese word tsunami means _______．

    [　　]

    A．

    earthquake

    B．

    sea wave

    C．

    ocean water

    D．

    tornado

    (2)

    According to the passage, a tsunami can be caused by _______．

    [　　]

    A．

    an underwater earthquake

    B．

    heavy rains

    C．

    waves hitting land

    D．

    tornado

    (3)

    As the tsunami moves toward land, it _______．

    [　　]

    A．

    picks up more speed

    B．

    becomes far less dangerous

    C．

    rises higher and higher

    D．

    rises lower and lower

    (4)

    According to this passage, _______．

    [　　]

    A．

    a tsunami can’t cause lots of trouble

    B．

    people can save their lives when a tsunami is coming

    C．

    the warning from the weather bureau can help people save their lives

    D．

    no one can escape when a tsunami is coming

    答案：1．B;2．A;3．C;4．C;
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    科目：高中英语 来源：黑龙江省哈六中2011届高三第二次模拟考试英语试题 题型：050

    阅读理解

    　　The Japanese coined the word tsunami to mean“harbor wave．”(“tsu”means harbor, and the character“nami”means wave)．Japan's most powerful earthquake since records began has struck the north-east coast, leading to a massive tsunami．Cars, ships and buildings were swept away by a wall of water after the 8.9-magnitude earthquake, which struck about 400km(250 miles)north-east of Tokyo and caused massive destruction, flattening whole cities, starting powerful fires, and killing hundreds．

    　　In the wake of the Japanese tragedy, remember these tsunami survival tips：

    　　1．A good warning sign of an approaching tsunami is“drawback,”when the ocean recedes(减弱)drastically or the water level falls unusually along the shoreline．

    　　During the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami, a 10-year-old girl on vacation with her family in Thailand, Tilly Smith, saved the lives of dozens of tourists when she recognized the receding water and frothing bubbles on the surface of the water as a sign that a tsunami was on its way．Experts believe that a receding ocean may give people as much as five minutes' warning to evacuate the area．

    　　2．You're not out of danger after the first wave of a tsunami．

    　　A tsunami occurs as a series of waves known as a“wave train,”and the series of surges(奔涌向前)can be five minutes or up to an hour apart．The tsunami does not usually appear on the shoreline as a gigantic breaking wave, but rather as a rapid tide or a wall of water．The worst mistake you can make is staying near the beach out of curiosity．Find higher ground and go as far inland as you can．If you can see the waves, you're still too close．

    　　3．A tsunami surge may be small at one point of the shore and large at another point．

    　　Move to higher ground as soon as you can and don't assume that because there's minimal activity in the coastal area where you are, it will be like that everywhere else．

    　　4．Keep your ears peeled．

    　　Many witnesses have said that a tsunami sounds thunderous, like a freight train．

    (1)

    The underlined word“coined”is closest to“________”in meaning．

    [　　]

    A．

    invented a new word or phrase that other people then began to use

    B．

    introduced a new word into a language

    C．

    explained a new word

    D．

    gave a definition to a new word．

    (2)

    What can we learn from the passage?

    [　　]

    A．

    You will be out of danger if thirty minutes has passed after the first tsunami wave．

    B．

    Tilly Smith must have a very good knowledge of science．

    C．

    A lot of people must have been killed in the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami．

    D．

    If a tsunami surge is small at one point of the shore and it should be small at another point．

    (3)

    Which of the following statements is not true?

    [　　]

    A．

    The 2011 Japanese tsunami is Japan's most powerful earthquake since records began．

    B．

    The worst mistake you can make is staying near the beach out of curiosity after the first wave of a tsunami．

    C．

    Experts believe that a receding ocean may give people as much as five minutes' warning to escape from the area．

    D．

    A good warning sign of an approaching tsunami is“drawback,”when the ocean recedes slightly or the water level falls usually along the shoreline．

    (4)

    What is the best title of this passage?

    [　　]

    A．

    Smart Actions during Tsunami

    B．

    Signs of Tsunami identification

    C．

    Methods of Avoiding Tsunami

    D．

    Tips for Tsunami Survival

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    科目：高中英语 来源：东北三省2011届尔雅高考特快信息考试英语试题 题型：050

    阅读理解

    　　The country of Chile is struggling to recover from one of the most powerful earthquakes in history．The quake struck the South American nation early Saturday morning．It registered 8．8 on the Richter scale．Ex-perts say the earthquake in Chile is among the five most powerful earthquakes ever recorded．

    　　The epicenter of the earthquake is about 70 miles north of the city of Concepci6n．The area has been rocked by dozens of aftershocks since the big quake hit on Saturday morning．

    　　On Sunday, Chilean President Michelle Bachelet updated reports on the toll the earthquake has taken．“It’s an enormous catastrophe,” she said．Countless buildings and roadways have been destroyed or badly damaged．Rescuers continued to work around the clock to find survivors who may be trapped under the rub-ble of fallen buildings．Government officials estimate more than 2 million people have lost their homes．

    　　Bachelet assured people that food and medical aid were on the way．Ten thousand members of the Chil-ean military have been dispatched to help in the relief and recovery efforts．Many of the country’s major gro-cery stores have started giving away basic food and supplies to people in the affected areas．Secretary-Gener-al of the United Nations spoke to President Bachelet by telephone．He assured her that the United Nations“stands ready to assist the Chilean government’s rescue and recovery efforts ”．

    　　The earthquake in Chile comes less than two months after the 7．0 magnitude earthquake that Haiti suf-fered in January．Although the earthquake in Chile was more powerful than the one in Haiti，the damage is unlikely to be as severe．Earthquakes are more common in Chile，and many buildings and homes there are constructed to withstand tremors better．Also，the area of Chile most affected by this earthquake is not asheavily populated as Port-au-Prince, where the epicenter of the Haitian quake was located．Furthermore, Chile is one of South America’s richest, best-organized countries．Its government has more supplies and people available to effectively respond to national emergencies．

    　　The energy released by the quake caused shock waves to roll across the Pacific Ocean in the form of tsu-namis(海啸)that have the potential to do great damage to coastal areas．Some of these waves struck the Chilean coast，causing major damage to seaside towns．Coastal communities in Russia，Japan，and the Unit-ed States were concerned，too，but there were no reports of severe damage from the waves that eventually reached the countries’shores．

    (1)

    Who is leading the earthquake relief efforts in Chile?

    [　　]

    A．

    The Chilean government and military．

    B．

    Geologists and other scientists．

    C．

    The United Nations peacekeeping forces．

    D．

    Secretary-General of the United Nations．

    (2)

    The damage from Chile’s earthquake is not expected to be as severe as the damage from Haiti’s quake．Which could not be the reason for it?

    [　　]

    A．

    Chile is one of the richest，best-organized countries in South America．

    B．

    Chile has constructed many buildings for the people．

    C．

    Chile knows how to respond to a national emergency．

    D．

    The epicenter area of the Chile earthquake is less heavily populated than that of the Haiti’s quake．

    (3)

    One result of the earthquake in Chile was ________．

    [　　]

    A．

    severe storms in Russia and Japan

    B．

    massive waves in the pacific Ocean

    C．

    a lack of food supplies in coastal communities

    D．

    a social confusion across the globe

    (4)

    What’s the best title for this news report?

    [　　]

    A．

    Major Earthquake Hits Chile

    B．

    The Most Powerful Earthquake in History

    C．

    Rescue and Recovery Efforts

    D．

    Face to Face with the Natural Disaster

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