Question

【题目】 The number of snow geese arriving in the Arctic each spring to breed has risen over the past few decades. At first, wildlife biologists saw this as an environmental crisis, pointing to marshes（沼泽地）where plants were eaten by the hungry birds, and the federal government responded by loosening restrictions on snow goose hunting across the country. But how do the Inuit（因纽特人），in whose backyard this is taking place, and for whom fresh goose eggs and meat are among the pleasure of an Arctic spring, view the situation? A recent study is bringing Inuit wildlife experts and scientists together to look for common ground on managing the species.

The snow goose study asked experts in Coral Harbour and Arviat, on the north and west coast of Hudson Bay, to share their generations of knowledge about snow geese and their views on what should be done. “ The community had concerns about controlling the population," says Ron Ningeongan, a community officer for the Kivalliq Inuit Association in Coral Harbour, "and Inuit snow goose knowledge had never been recorded. People wanted to pass on what they knew. "

The Inuit experts rejected the idea of a cull(选择性宰杀），considering it wasteful of the geese and unnecessary for the environment in general, but felt that hunting more geese in an organized way—for instance, paying local hunters a minimum amount of money and distributing the birds to disadvantaged families or operating a limited commercial hunt that would employ local people—would be appropriate.

The Inuit say that while there may be too many snow geese in some areas, it's not a crisis. Biologists now generally agree that there seem to be plenty of undamaged marshes available and newer research shows that some damaged areas can recover.

Conservation planners for the three migratory bird reserves in the area will use the study's recommendations, which is an excellent example of how indigenous （土著的） knowledge can strengthen wildlife management Johnson says.

“Now that we have recorded and documented Inuit knowledge of snow geese," says Ningeongan. "when facing the crisis again, other people will be able to use the information to help manage the species, which is fundamental to dealing with it effectively. ”

【1】Why did the federal government looben restrictions on snow goose hunting?

A.To create more marshes.B.To protect ecosystem.

C.To make more profits.D.To wipe out the hungry birds.

【2】Which of the following might Inuit wildlife experts agree on?

A.Regarding too many snow geese as a crisis.

B.Never organizing large-scale commercial hunts.

C.Employing poor families to hunt more snow geese.

D.Using snow goose hunting to man's best advantage.

【3】What do biologists think about the marshes' future at present?

A.It's unpredictable.B.It’s hard to get better.

C.It's too discouraging.D.lt's a bit promising.

【4】What does the underlined word “it" in the last paragraph refer to?

A.The crisis.B.The species.

C.Inuit knowledge.D.Inuit research.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】B

【2】D

【3】D

【4】A

【解析】

这是一篇说明文。文章介绍猎获雪雁所给生态系统带来的危机以及因纽特人是如何加强野生动物管理的。

【1】推理判断题。根据第一段中的“wildlife biologists saw this as an environmental crisis, pointing to marshes where plants were eaten by the hungry birds, and the federal government responded by loosening restrictions on snow goose hunting”“” 野生动物生物学家认为这是一场环境危机，他们指出沼泽地里的植物被饥饿的鸟类吃掉了，联邦政府对此的反应是放松对猎雪鹅的限制可知，联邦政府要限制猎雪雁是为了保护生态系统。故选B项。

【2】推理判断题。根据第三段中的“hunting more geese in an organized way—for instance, paying local hunters a minimum amount of money and distributing the birds to disadvantaged families or operating a limited commercial hunt that would employ local people—would be appropriate”“ 以一种有组织的方式来猎杀更多的雪雁——例如，付给当地猎人最少的钱，并将这些雪雁分配给贫困家庭，或者通过雇佣当地居民来进行有限的商业捕猎——都是合适的”可知，因纽特野生动物专家会同意“利用雪雁狩猎为人类带来最大的好处。”故选D项。

【3】推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Biologists now generally agree that there seem to be plenty of undamaged marshes available and newer research shows that some damaged areas can recover”“ 生物学家现在普遍认为，似乎有大量未受损害的沼泽可以利用，最新的研究表明，一些受损地区可以恢复”。可知，目前生物学家认为沼泽的未来有点希望。故选D项。

【4】代词指示题。根据文章首段中的“as an environmental crisis”，“作为一场环境危机”画线词it所在句子中提到的“when facing the crisis”，“当面临危机时”。再结合该词前的dealing with，“处理”。可知，it指代的是“危机”。故选A项。

代词指代题要求同学们根据语境的逻辑关系、判断画线的人称代词或指示代词在文章中指代的对象，包括考查it（指动物，无生命的事物、特定的事件或人），they/them(指代人、物、事件的复数名词)，he/she等人称代词的指代意义，以及指示代词this，that，these，those等在文章中的指代意义，考查同学们对文章中叙述特定的人，物，事件的认知能力。解答这类题时，同学们要认真阅读画线词所在句和前后临近句的内容，分析人称转换和动作变换的详细过程，理清来龙去脉和前后的因果关系，从而准确推断其指代的对象。本题第4小题，根据文章首段中的“as an environmental crisis”，画线词it所在句子中提到的“when facing the crisis”，再结合该词前的dealing with，可知，it指代的是“危机”。故选A项。