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    6．At one time it was the dream for many little girls to become a nurse．Today，however，America is facing its worst nurse shortage since World War I．Recently about 2，000，000nurses are needed and 60percent of all hospitals in the US have shortages large enough to threaten（=say that you will hurt somebody if they don't do what you want）the quality of care provided．The demand for nurses spreads widely throughout the nursing field．
    What has become of these women in white？The answer lies in not one but several causes．One possibility is the fact that woman have greater career options （职业选择）．In the past，women who chose to work outside the home had two basic choices：nursing or teaching．Today，more women than ever are in the work force，but their options have greatly increased．There are women doctors，lawyers，firefighters and police officers．In fact，women today are found in nearly every field of work．Nursing has been left behind，as women move on to jobs with higher pay and greater status（地位）．A woman or man in the nursing field is often looked down upon as"merely a nurse"．Teachers may be also at fault．Many high school students are actually being steered（劝 导）away from nursing，told by teachers that they are"too bright to be a nurse"．
    Americans are living longer than ever and requiring more medical attention．In fact，the number of elderly patients has almost doubled in the past twenty years．Obviously a larger population requires more nurses．AIDS and other diseases have caused more and more people to need nursing care．Usually fatal diseases mean long drawn-out hospital stay，that is to say，more nurses are needed to care for these patients．It is estimated that the demand for nurses will be doubled the supply in the coming ten years．

    21．Why is America facing its worst nurse shortage？C
    A．Because the demand of nurses has been doubled．
    B．Because more and more women prefer to be teachers and doctors．
    C．Because women have been provided with many different jobs．
    D．Because women no longer choose to be nurses．
    22．The passage tells us that high school teachers are at fault forD．
    A．not mentioning the worst nurse shortage in the US
    B．introducing jobs with higher pay and greater status to their students
    C．not asking the government to raise the nurses'payment
    D．persuading the students not to be nurses
    23．The author wrote this passage in order toB．
    A．describe the unequal treatment of women in the US
    B．warn people to pay more attention to the nursing problem
    C．tell us women's free choice of jobs today
    D．call on women not to be nurses
    24．Which of the following is true according to the passage？D
    A．high school students think themselves too bright to be nurses．
    B．Women in the US have greater career choice than those in other countries．
    C．Of all the hospitals in the world 60percent more nurses are badly needed．
    D．Nursing used to be a popular job among women．

    分析 本文是一篇说明文，介绍对的是第一次世界大战后，美国护士职业率显著降低，其中一个原因是同过去相比，妇女有更多的职业选择，并且护士这一行业在教育领域受到冷落．然而美国无论现在还是将来，为满足医疗领域对护士的大量需求，需要更多的就业者步入护士行业．

    解答 21．C．推理判断题．由第二段one possibility is the fact that woman have greater career options （职业选择），其中一个可能是妇女有越来越多的职业选择，C项因为妇女被提供许多不同的工作，故选C项．
    22．D．细节理解题．对于高校老师的责任，由文中Teachers may be also at fault．Many high school studentsare actually being steered（劝 导）away from nursing，told by teachers that they are"too bright to be a nurse"．很多高中生事实上被劝导远离护理，并被老师告知他们很有前途，不能仅仅从事护士这一行业，可知，老师在思想上劝导学生不要去当护士，故选D项．
    23．B 推理判断题．全文讲述的是美国的护士行业面临着重大威胁，急需护士从业人员，且文章最后也提到未来美国对护士就业人员只会有增无减，所以可以推导出作者希望就护士行业，能引起广泛注意，选故B项．
    24．D．细节理解题．At one time it was the dream for many little girls to become a nurse．可知，曾经对于很多小女孩来说，护士是一个梦想．故选D项．

    点评 本篇文章主旨句即在第一段．因此考生要重视文章的标题和文章的首句，因为文章的标题或首句往往就是文章的主题，有利于考生理解全文内容．

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