Question

How is it that siblings （兄弟姐妹） can turn out so differently? One answer is that in fact each sibling grows up in a different family． The firstborn is, for a while, an only child, and therefore has a completely different experience of the parents than those born later． The next child is, for a while, the youngest, until the situation is changed by a new arrival． The mother and father themselves are changing and growing up too． One sibling might live in a stable and close family in the first few years; another might be raised in a family crisis, with a disappointed mother or an angry father．

Sibling competition was identified as an important shaping force as early as in 1918． But more recently, researchers have found many ways in which brothers and sisters are a lasting force in each others’ lives． Dr． Annette Henderson says firstborn children pick up vocabulary more quickly than their siblings． The reason for this might be that the later children aren’t getting the same one-on-one time with parents． But that doesn’t mean that the younger children have problems with language development． Later-borns don’t enjoy that much talking time with parents, but instead they harvest lessons from bigger brothers and sisters, learning entire phrases and getting an understanding of social concepts such as the difference between “I” and “me”． 

A Cambridge University study of 140 children found that siblings created a rich world of play that helped them grow socially． Love-hate relationships were common among the children． Even those siblings who fought the most had just as much positive communication as the other sibling pairs．

One way children seek more attention from parents is by making themselves different from their siblings, particularly if they are close in age． Researchers have found that the first two children in a family are typically more different from each other than the second and third． Girls with brothers show their differences to a maximum degree by being more feminine than girls with sisters． A 2003 research paper studied adolescents from 185 families over two years, finding that those who changed to make themselves different from their siblings were successful in increasing the amount of warmth they gained from their parents．

1.In terms of language development, later-borns ________．

A．get their parents’ individual guidance

B．learn a lot from their elder siblings

C．experience a lot of difficulties

D．pick up words more quickly

2.What was found about fights among siblings?

A．Siblings hated fighting and loved playing．

B．Siblings in some families fought frequently．

C．Sibling fights led to bad sibling relationships．

D．Siblings learned to get on together from fights．

3.The word “feminine” （in Para． 4） means “_______”．

A．having qualities of parents

B．having qualities of women

C．having defensive qualities

D．having extraordinary qualities

 

Answer 1

【答案】

1.B

2.D

3.B

【解析】

试题分析：

1.细节题，由第二段的倒数第二行they harvest lessons from bigger brothers and sisters, learning entire phrases 可以知道答案，所以选B

2.推理题，由倒数第二段最后一句Even those siblings who fought the most had just as much positive communication as the other sibling pairs．可以推出兄弟姐妹通过打架学着聚在一起，所以选D

3.推理题，由前面的句子Girls with brothers show their differences to a maximum degree和后面的句子girls with sisters可以推出是有女人的特点，所以选B

考点：本文生活类短文

点评：本文说明了兄弟姐妹有怎样的不同，他们通过打架学着聚在一起，小的那个通过大的那个学习。先通读全文，然后带着问题，再读全文，找出答题所需要的依据，完成阅读。本文主要考查推理题，要求学生有很强的推理分析能力。