Question

【题目】请认真阅读下面短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入最适当的单词。注意:每空一个单词。

The exact data on women in agriculture is difficult to pin down. There are variations between countries and agriculture data is challenging to collect. What is clear, however, is that most small-scale farmers are women, making up 60-80 percent of farmers in developing countries. The FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization of the UN) estimates that between 43 percent to even 70 percent of agricultural labor in some countries comes from women.

But women still don’t have the same rights as men when it comes to farming, making food production harder for women because of gender inequality. For female farmers, it is unquestionably a challenging job to engage in food production.

In the first place, purchasing land, farming equipment and hiring labor can be expensive. These costs are even harder on women because many of them lack access to credit. In nearly 48 economies women face legal restrictions to having control of their own finances.

Getting to the bank is hard too. Mobility for women in rural parts of developing countries is a big concern. Better transportation and infrastructure could help make access to credit more practicable for women. Credit and finance should be equal for everyone, especially women who are held back by gender restrictions.

Sadly, women may run the world, but they do not own it. Women are virtually denied property rights. Traditional customs in place can pass down land through the male side of the family, leaving women out of land rights completely. Other times, women need permission from a male relative or husband to own land.

It has been apparent that women are not as productive farmers as men and work longer hours in some countries like Indonesia. This is largely due to a lack of education. When education is considered more valuable for men (and thus mainly given to men), women farmers are less informed about the best production methods, thus producing less yield in crops and becoming “less productive”. This can all be changed through providing education for women. Removing gender inequality can help feed 130 million people who are currently undernourished.

Despite these barriers, women are definitely not leaving the “field”. In countries experiencing urban growth, men are migrating to urban areas for other jobs while women stay in rural areas, taking on jobs in farming and agriculture. Healthier children, education, and investment into the community are all benefits that female farmers are shown to have on their communities.

Let’s close the gender gap and give women the tools they need to succeed. If women farmers in developing countries have the same rights and opportunities, they will be just as productive. With increasing population, and the need for better food security, supporting women in agriculture is something that cannot afford not to be invested in.

Women running most small farms	Women in developing countries 【1】 for a large proportion of the labor force in the agricultural sector.
Women’s 【2】 to food production	Without credit, many women farmers can’t 【3】 the cost of large farms. * The law sets a 【4】 on women’s freedom to manage money. * It is a struggle for women in the countryside to enjoy bank service.
	Women in many countries do not have easy 【5】 to the ownership of property. * 【6】 can take over land from the previous generation. * Without a male’s permission women cannot take possession of land.
	The education system 【7】 men over women, resulting in different levels of productivity. * Unlike men, women are often ignorant of agricultural science. * Women could become more 【8】 if they were to enjoy equal education.
Expected support for women farmers	Considering women’s 【9】 to society, we are supposed to end gender discrimination and 【10】 up women in agriculture.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】account

【2】barriers/obstacles/bars

【3】afford/pay

【4】limit/restriction

【5】access

【6】Men/Males

【7】favors

【8】productive

【9】contribution

【10】back

【解析】

这是一篇议论文。文章讲述了世界上农村妇女劳动力的分布状况和存在的问题。

【1】细节理解题。由第一段What is clear, however, is that most small-scale farmers are women, making up 60-80 percent of farmers in developing countries.然而可以确定的是，大多数小规模的农民是妇女，占发展中国家农民的60-80%。可知，此处应填“占据”，根据介词for。故填account。

【2】细节理解题。由第二段But women still don’t have the same rights as men when it comes to farming, making food production harder for women because of gender inequality.但在农业方面，女性仍然没有与男性同等的权利，这使得女性的粮食生产更加困难，因为性别不平等。可知，此处应填“困难”，根据介词to。故填 barriers/obstacles/bars。

【3】细节理解题。由第三段In the first place, purchasing land, farming equipment and hiring labor can be expensive.首先，购买土地、农业设备和雇佣劳动力可能很昂贵。可知，农村妇女付不起昂贵的生产设备。故填afford/pay。

【4】细节理解题。由第三段In nearly 48 economies women face legal restrictions to having control of their own finances.在近48个经济体中，妇女面临着控制自己财政的法律限制。可知，此处应填“限制”， set a limit on为固定搭配，意为“给……设限”。故填limit。

【5】细节理解题。由第五段Women are virtually denied property rights.妇女实际上被剥夺了财产权。可知妇女很难拥有财产权，have access to为固定搭配，意为“轻易得到”。故填access。

【6】细节理解题。由第五段Traditional customs in place can pass down land through the male side of the family, leaving women out of land rights completely.当地的传统习俗可以将土地传给男性，而将女性完全排除在土地权利之外。可知，男性可以从前一辈那继承土地权。故填Men/Males。

【7】细节理解题。由第六段When education is considered more valuable for men (and thus mainly given to men), women farmers are less informed about the best production methods, thus producing less yield in crops and becoming “less productive”.当教育被认为对男人更有价值时（因此主要给了男人），女农民对最好的生产方法了解较少，因此作物产量较少，变得更低产。由此可知，教育偏向男性。故填favors。

【8】细节理解题。由第六段When education is considered more valuable for men (and thus mainly given to men), women farmers are less informed about the best production methods, thus producing less yield in crops and becoming “less productive”.当教育被认为对男人更有价值时（因此主要给了男人），女农名对最好的生产方法里了解较少，因此作物产量较少，变得更低产。由此可知，如果女人接受了更多的教育，将变得更加多产。故填productive。

【9】细节理解题。由第七段Despite these barriers, women are definitely not leaving the “field”.尽管有这些障碍，女性绝对不会离开土地。由此可知，女性对社会有贡献。故填contribution。

【10】细节理解题。由第八段With increasing population, and the need for better food security, supporting women in agriculture is something that cannot afford not to be invested in.随着人口的增长，以及对更好的粮食安全的需要，支持妇女从事农业是一项不能不投资的事业。由此可知，此处应填“支持”，根据介词up。故填back。