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20.A new study has found that it may be possible to train people to be more intelligent (聪明的),increasing the brainpower they had at birth.
Until now,it has been widely supposed that the kind of mental ability that allows us to solve new problems without having any relevant (相关的) former experience-what psychologists (心理学家) call fluid intelligence-is innate and cannot be taught (though people can raise their grades on tests of it by practicing).
But in the new study,researchers describe a method for improving this skill,along with experiments to prove it works.
The key,researchers found,was carefully structured training in working memory-the kind that allows memorization of a telephone number just long enough to dial it.This type of memory is closely related to fluid intelligence,so the researchers reasoned that improving it might lead to improvements in fluid intelligence.
First they measured fluid intelligence of volunteers using standard tests.Then they trained each in a complicated memory task-the child's card game,in which they had to recall a card they saw and heard.During the course,they needed to ignore irrelevant items,monitor ongoing performance,manage two tasks at the same time and connect related items to one another in space and time.
The four groups experienced a half-hour of training daily for 8,12,17and 19days,separately.To make sure they were not just improving their test-taking skills,the researchers compared them with control groups that took the tests without the training.
The results,published Monday in The Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,were striking.Improvement in the trained groups was a lot greater.Moreover,the longer they trained,the higher their scores were.All performers,from the weakest to the strongest,showed great improvement.
"Our results show you can increase your intelligence with proper training."said Dr Jaeggi,a co-author of the paper."No one knows how long the gains will last after training stops,"he added,"and the experiment's design did not allow the researchers to determine whether more training would continue to produce further gains."

53.The researchers thought the key to improving the intelligence wasB.
A.memorizing telephone numbers
B.improving working memory
C.training in attention
D.recalling a card
54.Which of the following training ways help increase intelligence?D
a.ignoring irrelevant items
b.monitoring ongoing performance
c.making connections
d.working in groups
A.a,b,d.   B.b,c,d.   C.a,c,d.   D.a,b,c.
55.When the experiment was conducted,the researchersC.
A.trained the four groups for the same period of time
B.trained the four groups at different time of the day
C.compared the four groups with control groups
D.trained the four groups together
56.By writing the article,the writer wants toA.
A.inform the readers of a new study
B.call on people to be trained to increase intelligence
C.tell people the improved intelligence will last forever
D.say the more one is trained,the more one's born intelligence improves.

分析 这是一篇科普类阅读文章,讲的是新的一项研究表明,通过训练可以使人变得更聪明,以增加他们与生俱来的脑力,下面就看看这项令人振奋的研究吧!

解答 53-56BDCA 53.答案 B  细节理解题  根据根据第四段第一句话可The key,researchers found,was carefully structured trainingin working memory 可以得知提高智力的关键是提高人的工作记忆,故答案选B.
54.答案 D 细节理解题  根据第五段最后一句话During the course,they neededto ignore irrelevant items,monitor ongoing performance,manage two tasks at the same time andconnect related items to one another in space and time.描述可知不包括working in groups,故答案选D.
55.答案 C  细节理解题  根据第六段第二句话To make sure they were not just improving their test-takingskills,the researchers compared themwith control groups that took the tests without the training.描述可知选项C正确,其他叙述有误,故答案为C.
56.答案 A 主旨归纳题  根据文章的第一句A new study has found that itmay be possible to train people to be more intelligent,描述可知这篇文章介绍的是一项研究表明,通过训练可以使人变得更聪明,故答案为A

点评 首先对原文材料迅速浏览,掌握全文的主旨大意.因为阅读理解题一般没有标题,所以,速读全文,抓住中心主旨很有必要,在速读的过程中,应尽可能多地捕获信息材料.
其次,细读题材,各个击破.掌握全文的大意之后,细细阅读文章后的问题,弄清每题要求后,带着问题,再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息. 要善于抓住每段的主题句,阅读时,要有较强的针对性.对于捕获到的信息,要做认真分析,仔细推敲,理解透彻,只有这样,针对题目要求,才能做到稳、准.

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