Question

【题目】假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下面画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

The central problem of translating has always been if to translate literally or freely. The argument has been going on until at least the first century BC. Up to the beginning of the 19th century, many writers was preferred some kind of “free” translation: the spirit, not the letter; the message rather than the form; the matter not the manner. This was the often revolution slogan of writers who wanted the truth to be read and understand. Then at the turn of 19th century, the view translation was impossible gained some currency. If attempting at all, it must be as literally as possible. This view peaked the statements of an extreme “literalists” Walter Benjamin and Vladimir Nabokov. Now, the context has changed, but the basic problem remained.

Answer 1

【答案】1. if-whether

2. until-since

3. 去掉was

4. revolution-revolutionary

5. understand–understood

6. view后加that

7. attempting-attempted

8. literally-literal

9. an-the

10. remained-remains

【解析】文章介绍了翻译过程中人们对直译还是自由翻译问题的不同观点，重点是要注重翻译的精神。

1. if-whether

考查连词 。此处为固定搭配：whether…or… 是……还是 。故if-whether.

2. until-since

考查连词。此处指 自从至少公元前1世纪以来，这个问题就一直在争论之中。表示“自从”，故 until-since.

3. 去掉was

考查语态。根据句意，句中主语many writers和动词prefer是主动关系，故去掉was.

4. revolution-revolutionary

考查形容词。此处是形容词做定语修饰名词slogan，指“革命性的标语”，故用形容词revolutionary.

5. understand–understood

考查语态。根据to be和句意可知此处为被动语态，用过去分词。故understand–understood.

6. view后加that

考查引导词。 view 后是一个同位语从句，对前面的view 起到解释说明的作用。 从句不缺少成分， 用 that 引导，故view后加that.

7. attempting-attempted

考查非谓语动词。此处是省略：if （translation were） attempted, 逻辑主语是 translation，和动词 attempt是被动关系，用过去分词。故attempting-attempted.

8. literally-literal

考查形容词。前面有be动词，后面是形容词做表语，不用副词。故literally-literal.

9. an-the

考查冠词。此处为特指extreme “literalists” Walter Benjamin and Vladimir Nabokov， 用定冠词 the。故an-the.

10. remained-remains

考查时态。此处为一般现在时态，主语problem是第三人称单数，动词也用第三人称单数形式，故用 remains。