—Are all the titles of the articles in the contents?
—Yes, all .
| A．listed; included | B．listing; includes |
| C．listed; including | D．being listed; being included |
王后雄学案教材完全解读系列答案
海淀课时新作业金榜卷系列答案科目：高中英语 来源：浙江省嘉兴一中2010－2011学年高二10月月考英语试题 题型：054
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科目：高中英语 来源： 题型：阅读理解
Many of the most damaging types of weather begin quickly, strike suddenly, and disappear rapidly, destroying small areas while leaving neighboring areas untouched. Such event as a tornado(龙卷风) struck the northeastern part of Edmonton, Alberta, in July 1987. Total damages from the tornado went beyond $250 million, the highest ever for any Canadian storm.
Traditional computer models of the atmosphere have limited value in predicting short-lived local storms like the Edmonton tornado, because the available weather data are generally not detailed enough to allow computers to study carefully the slight atmospheric changes that come before these storms. In most nations, for example, weather-balloon observations are taken just once every twelve hours at places separated by hundreds of miles. With such limited data, traditional forecasting models do a much better job predicting general weather conditions over large areas than they do forecasting specific local events.
Until recently, the observation intensive (十分细致) method needed for exact, very short-range forecasts, or “Nowcasts,” was not possible. The cost of equipping and operating many thousands of conventional weather stations was extremely high, and the difficulties concerned in rapidly collecting and processing the weather data from such a network were hard to overcome.
Fortunately, scientific and technological advances have overcome most of these problems. Radar(雷达) systems and satellites are all able to make detailed, nearly continuous observation over large areas at a lower cost. Communications satellites can send out data around the world cheaply and immediately, and modern computers can quickly collect and analyze this large amount of weather information.
Meteorologists(气象学者) and computer scientists now work together to design computer programs and video equipment able to change weather data into words and graphic displays(图解) that forecasters can understand easily and quickly. As meteorologists have begun using these new technologies in weather forecasting offices, nowcasting is becoming a reality.
Why can’t traditional computer models predict short-lived local storms?
A.The weather data people collect are often wrong.
B.Detailed weather data in some small areas are not available.
C.The computers are not advanced enough to predict them.
D.The computers are not used to forecast specific local events.
The word “Nowcast” in Paragraph 3 means .
A.a network to collect storm data
B.a way of collecting weather data
C.a more advanced system of weather observation
D.a forecast which can predict weather in the small area
What can make “Nowcasts” a reality according to the passage?
A.Scientific and technological advances. B. Advanced computer programs.
C.Computer scientists. D.Meteorologists.
What does the passage mainly talk about?
A.The advantages of “Nowcatsts”.
B.A tornado in Edmonton, A1bertA.
C.The difficulty in predicting tornado.
D.A great development in weather forecast.
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科目：高中英语 来源：2013-2014学年四川省绵阳市高三11月第一次诊断性考试英语试卷（解析版） 题型：阅读理解
Back in old times, people had little knowledge about the universe and nature. Things we now consider to be common sense were mysteries to our ancestors.
Over the years, major breakthroughs have been made in science and many phenomena have been explained. But still, there are always questions we can't yet answer, and The Guardian has listed some of them.
1. What makes us human?
Just looking at your DNA won't tell you - human DNA is 99 percent identical to that of the chimpanzee and, believe it or not, 50 percent identical to a banana's! A lot of the things we once thought were unique about us - language and tool use, recognizing ourselves in the mirror and so on – have since been seen in other animals. Perhaps it's our culture that makes the difference or maybe our ability to use fire. It's also possible that our capacity (能力) for co-operation and our trading skills are what make us unique.
2. Why do we dream?
Given the fact that we spend around a third of our lives sleeping, shouldn't we know everything about it? Unfortunately, scientists are still searching for a complete explanation of what happens when we sleep and why we dream.
Austrian psychologist Sigmund Freud believed dreams were the expressions of wishes that we can't fulfill in our real lives. Others have wondered whether dreams are just random "noise" coming from a sleeping brain.
3. Could we someday live forever?
Apart from accidents, most people die because of diseases that can be treated and aging. And since many diseases, such as diabetes（糖尿病） and cancer, are diseases of aging, treating aging itself could be the key to extending our lives.
Our knowledge of what causes us to age - and what allows some animals to live longer than others - is expanding rapidly. And though we haven't quite worked out all the details, we've worked out some pieces of the puzzles such as DNA damage and metabolism (新陈代谢), which are all leading to the invention of drugs that can slow down the aging process.
If we're lucky enough to lengthen our lives, we might even get to see the day when all of these questions are answered.
1.The main point of the passage is ______.
A. to inform people of the knowledge about the universe and nature
B. to introduce major breakthroughs that have been made in science
C. to present some questions we can't yet answer
D. to explain what were once mysteries to our ancestors
2.Chimpanzees and bananas are mentioned as examples to prove that ______.
A. human beings are actually not different from other animals
B. animals have completely different DNA from that of plants
C. both animals and plants share the same amount of DNA
D. DNA alone is not good enough to make humans different
3.The underlined word "identical" is closest in meaning to ______.
A. mysterious B. unique C. advanced D. same
4.Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?
A. What were mysteries to our ancestors are considered to be common sense now.
B. Now we know much more about dreams than our ancestors did in the past.
C. With the invention of new drugs people can possibly live even longer.
D. If all the diseases can be treated people can theoretically live forever.
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科目：高中英语 来源：2013届湖北省高三秋季期中联考英语试卷（解析版） 题型：阅读理解
Holiday Inns and McDonald’s. both saw unmatched growth in the 1960s. Their growth opened another direct business operation—franchising.
These operations have the same general pattern. The franchisor, the parent company, first establishes a successful retail business. As it expands, it sees a profit potential in offering others the right to open similar business under its name. The parent company’s methods and means of identification with consumers are included in this right. The parent company supplies skill, and may build and rent stores to franchisees. For these advantages the franchisee pays the franchisor a considerable fee. However, some of the advantages and disadvantages are different.
By extending a “proven” marketing method, a parent can profit in several ways. First, the franchisee’s purchase price gives the parent an immediate return on the plan. Then the sale of supplies to the franchisee provides a continuing source of profits. As new businesses are added and the company’s reputation spreads, the values of the franchise increases and sales of franchises become easier. The snowballing effect can be dramatic. Such growth, too, bring into play the economies of scale. Regional or national advertising that might be financially impossible for a franchisor with 20 franchises could be profitable for one with 40.
The parent, then, finds immediate gains from the opportunity to expand markets on the basis of reputation alone, without having to put up capital or take the risk of owning retail stores. Added to this advantage is a less obvious but material one, Skilled, responsible retail managers are rare. People who invest their capital in franchises, though, probably come closer to the ideal than do paid managers. In fact, the franchisee is an independent store operator working for the franchisor, but without an independent’s freedom to drop supplies at will. Of course the factory’s costs of selling supplies are less. But also certainly the franchisee buying goods that have had broad consumer acceptance will not casually change supplies, even when the contract permits. If the hamburger is not what the customer expected, they may not return. Having paid for the goodwill, the franchisee won’t thoughtlessly destroy it.
1. Franchising refers to a business operation in which a successful parent company .
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A．sells name-brand goods to a private investor |
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B．rents proven ideas and techniques for investment |
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C．sells the right, the guidance to a business under its name |
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D．takes no advertising responsibility for individual investors |
2.. The advantages of franchising to the parent company are all the following EXCEPT .
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A．an immediate investment return |
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B．the profit from the sale of supplies |
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C．the ownership of additional retail stores |
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D．the possibility of profitable advertising |
3. The passage mainly tells the reader .
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A．the advantages and disadvantages of franchising |
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B．the benefits of franchising to the franchisor |
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C．the unmatched economic growth in the 1960’s |
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D．some regional and national business operation |
4.. What will the author probably discuss after the last paragraph?
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A．More advantages of franchising. |
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B．Negative aspects related to franchising. |
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C．The standard of consumer acceptance. |
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D．Risks of investment besides franchising |
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科目：高中英语 来源：2013届湖北省高三秋季期中联考英语试卷（解析版） 题型：阅读理解
Grown-ups know that people and objects are solid. At the movies, we know that if we reach out to touch Tom Cruise, all we will feel is air. But does a baby have this understanding?
To see whether babies know objects are solid, T. Bower designed a method for projecting an optical illusion of a hanging ball. His plan was to first give babies a real ball, one they could reach out and touch, and then to show them the illusion. If they knew that objects are solid and they reached out for the illusion and found empty air, they could be expected to show surprise in their faces and movements. All the 16- to 24-week-old babies tested were surprised when they reached for the illusion and found that the ball was not there.
Grown-ups also have a sense of object permanence, We know that if we put a box in a room and lock the door, the box will still be there when we come back. But does a baby realize that a ball that rolls under a chair does not disappear and go to never-never land?
Experiments done by Bower suggest that babies develop a sense of object permanence when they are about 18 weeks old. In his experiments, Bower used a toy train that went behind a screen. When 16-week-old and 22-week-old babies watched the toy train disappear behind the left side of the screen, they looked to the right, expecting it to reappear. If the experimenter took the train off the table and lifted the screen, all the babies seemed surprised not to see the train. This seems to show that all the babies had a sense of object permanence. But the second part of the experiment showed that this was not really the case. The researcher substituted a ball for the train when it went behind the screen. The 22-week-old babies seemed surprised and looked back to the left side for the train. But the 16-week-old babies did not seem to notice the switch. Thus, the 16-week-old babies seem to have a sense of “something permanence,” while the 22-week-old babies had a sense of object permanence related to a particular object.
1. The passage is mainly about .
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A．babies’ understanding of objects |
B．effects of experiments on babies |
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C．babies’ sense of sight |
D．different tests on babies’ feelings |
2. In Paragraph 3, “object permanence” means that when out of sight, an object .
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A．still exists |
B．keeps its shape |
C．still stays solid |
D．is beyond reach |
3.. What did Bower use in his experiments?
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A．A chair. |
B．A screen. |
C．A film. |
D．A box. |
4.. Which of the following statements is true?
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A．The babies didn’t have a sense of direction. |
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B．The older babies preferred toy trains to balls. |
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C．The younger babies liked looking for missing objects. |
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D．The babies couldn’t tell a ball from its optical illusion. |
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