A subject which seems to have been insufficiently studied by doctors and psychologists is the influence of geography and climate on the psychological and physical health of mankind. There seems no doubt that the general character of the landscape, the relative length of day and night, and the climate must all play a big part in determining what kind of people we are.
It is true that a few studies have been made. Where all the inhabitants of a particular area enjoy exceptionally good or bad health, scientists have identified contributory factors such as the presence or absence of substances like iodine, fluoride, calcium, or iron in the water supply, or perhaps types of land that provide breeding places for pests like mosquitoes or rats.
Moreover, we can all generalize about types of people we have met. Those living in countries with long dark winters are apt to be less talkative and less vivacious than inhabitants of countries where the climate is more equable. And where the olive and the orange grow, there the inhabitants are cheerful, talkative, and spontaneous.
But these commonplace generalizations are inadequate: the influence of climate and geography should be studied in depth. Do all mountain dwellers live to a ripe old age? Does the drinking of wine, rather than beer, result in a sunny and open temperament? Is the strength and height of one of the Kenyan tribes due to their habitual drinking of the blood of cows?
We are not yet sure of the answers to such questions, but let us hope that something of benefit to mankind may eventually result from such studies.
【小题1】_____ might serve as a suitable title for this selection.
| A．The Importance of Geographical Environment |
| B．The Influence of Geographical Environment on Man |
| C．Generalization of Types of People |
| D．Geographical Environment, a Mysterious Subject |
| A．substances which act positively or negatively on man's health |
| B．harmful substances in the water supply |
| C．substances which help provide breeding places for pests |
| D．substances contributory to good health |
| A．health condition | B．personality | C．life-span | D．all of the above |
| A．focus on some unknown aspects | B．be pursued on a larger scale |
| C．be carried out within a larger scope | D．go much deeper |
| A．generalize better about types of people | B．find better water supplies |
| C．gain an insight into its influence on mankind | D．live to a ripe old age |
【小题1】B
【小题2】A
【小题3】B
【小题4】D
【小题5】C
解析试题分析：66.B 主旨大意题。根据文章的主题段第一段可知文章讲述的人地理环境对人的影响。一个人出生，生活的地理环境和气候等条件影响了人的性格。故B正确。
【小题1】A 推理题。根据第2段1,2,3行Where all the inhabitants of a particular area enjoy exceptionally good or bad health, scientists have identified contributory factors such as the presence or absence of substances like iodine, fluoride, calcium, or iron in the water supply说明这些物质是能影响人的健康和性格的一些物质。故A正确。
【小题2】Ｂ推理题。根据第三段Those living in countries with long dark winters are apt to be less talkative and less vivacious than inhabitants of countries where the climate is more equable. And where the olive and the orange grow, there the inhabitants are cheerful, talkative, and spontaneous.说明生活在冬天很长的地区的人不怎么爱说话，等等这样是例子告诉我们一个人所生活的地理条件和气候条件会对人的个性有影响，故Ｂ正确。
【小题3】D 细节题。根据第四段第二句the influence of climate and geography should be studied in depth.说明这样的研究还要继续深入下去。故D正确。
【小题4】C 推理题。根据文章第四段后4行说明对于地理环境对人的影响的研究让我们对这样的影响有更为深入的认知。故C正确。
考点：考查科普类短文阅读
点评：文章讲述的人地理环境对人的影响。一个人出生，生活的地理环境气候等条件影响了人的性格。本文的难度在于要在上下文中猜测一些词汇的意思，扫清文字的障碍。以推理题的考查为主，解推断题最主要的方法是根据词义关系推断具体细节。
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芒果教辅达标测试卷系列答案科目：高中英语 来源：2010年广东湛江市第二中学高一下学期期末考试英语卷 题型：写作题
阅读下面短文，然后按照要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文。
Lots of teenagers are trying to enter a university by coping stories and phrases from the internet to fill out their personal statements in Britain. Personal statements are used to show what can make applicants （申请）different as they outline their interests and reasons for studying a particular course. But it seems that some ideas and words are alike, even the same, thanks to an internet site designed to help those who don’t know what to write about themselves. A study found that nearly 800 applications had personal statements containing phrases taken from three online examples. The study, which involved examining 50,000 personal statements, found that 5% used the material from the internet, most from one free website. Borrowed material was most likely to appear at the end of a statement or where the applicant described the reasons for wanting to study a subject. Almost all applications are now completed online, but the new evidence of Internet temptation（诱惑）follow concern that teenagers are cutting and pasting material for A-level coursework(课程作业). A spokesman said later that he and his partners were looking for ways examine whether people appeared to be copying material.
[写作内容]
1．以约30个词概括短文的要点；
2．以约120个词表达你对校园中出现作弊现象的看法，并包括如下要点：
（1）分析某些学生作弊的原因；
（2）指出作弊引起的不良后果；
（3）号召学生们杜绝作弊现象的发生。
[写作要求]
1. 在作文中可以使用实例或其他论述方法支持你的论点，也可以参照阅读材料的内容，但不得直接引用阅读材料中的句子。
2. 作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校的名称。
[评分标准]
概括准确，语言规范，内容合适，篇章连贯。
（请考生在答题卷上作答。）
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STUDY BOOKS
Basic Study Manual Hardcover: $ 37.50
Future success depends on the ability to learn. Here are the answers to the questions most often asked by parents, teachers, business trainers and by students themselves. Read this book and learn:
* What the three barriers to study are and what to do about them
* What to do if you get tired of a subject you are studying
* Twenty-six simple drills to help you learn how to study easily, rapidly and with full understanding
Buy and read the Basic Study Manual and use it to dramatically improve your ability to study.
Study Skills for Life Hardcover: $ 31.99
L. Ron Hubbard’s study technology for teenagers opens the door to their future success by giving them the ability to study and learn. Fully illustrated for easy comprehension.
Learning How to Learn Hardcover: $ 24.99
The basics of effective study for 8 to 12-year-olds, fully illustrated. Children who read and apply the materials in this book regain their liking for study and their ability to apply this knowledge in life. Get this book for a child you want to see win at his studies!
How to Use a Dictionary Picture Book for Children Hardcover: $ 34.90
In spite of millions of dollars spent on “educational research”, children are not taught the most basic skills of learning, even the most basic of these: how to use a dictionary. In fact, a search of educational books for children found no book that told them how to use a dictionary or that one should. Written for children at 8 to 12-year-olds, this fully illustrated book will teach your child:
* How to find words in a dictionary
* The different ways that words are used
* What the different marks and symbols that are used in a dictionary mean
* How to use a dictionary to correctly pronounce words
It includes a section for parents and teachers showing you how to use this book with children. Buy this book and give it to your children to unlock their education. What’s more, you’ll just pay 50% for it before May 1, 2006.
1.Some information of the four books were illustrated in order to _________.
A．help readers understand them B．persuade readers to buy them
C．reduce the cost of them D．make them suitable to different readers
2.Which one is the book written for 8 to 12 years old to use a dictionary?
A．Basic Study Manual B．Study Skills for Life
C．Learning How to Learn D．How to Use a Dictionary Picture Book for Children
3. If you buy the four books on April 1, 2006, you will have to pay _________ for them.
A．$ 129.38 B．$ 111.93 C．$ 64.69 D．$ 34.90
4.The purpose of the passage is to _________.
A．introduce the four books to readers B．help children to learn English
C．enrich students knowledge about nature D．sell the four books to students
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请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。
注意：每个空格只填一个单词。请将答案写在答题卷上。
Maybe you are an average student. You probably think you will never be a top student. This is not necessary so, however. Anyone can become a better student if he or she wants to. Here’s how.
1) Plan your time carefully. When you plan your week, you should make a list of things that you have to do. After making this list, you should make a schedule of your time. First your time for eating, sleeping, dressing, etc. then decide a good, regular time for studying. Don't forget to set aside enough time for entertainment. A weekly schedule may not solve all your problems, but it will force you to realize what is happening to your time.
2) Find a good place to study. Look around the house for a good study area. Keep this space, which may be a desk or simply a corner of your room, free of everything but study materials. No games, radios, or television! When you sit down to study, concentrate on the subject.
3) Use your time in class properly. Take advantage of class time to listen to everything the teachers say. Really listening in class means less work later. Taking notes will help you remember what the teacher says.
4) Study regularly. When you get home from school, go over your notes, especially the important points that your teacher mentioned in class. If you know what your teacher is going to discuss the next day, read that material will become more meaningful, and you will remember it longer.
5) Develop a good attitude about tests. The purpose of a test is to show what you have learned about a subject. They help you remember your new knowledge. The world won’t end if you don't pass a test, so don't be overly worried.
There are other methods that might help you with your studying. You will probably discover many others after you have tried these.
Title: (1)________ to become a better student
|
General methods |
Details |
Advantages |
|
Plan your time with (2)______ |
Make a list. |
Force you to realize (3)________ is happening to your time. |
|
Make a schedule. |
||
|
Find a good place to study |
Free of everything but study (4)________. |
You can pay(5)________ to the subject. |
|
(6)Make ____ use of your time in class |
Listen to everything the teachers say. |
Really listening in class means less work later. |
|
(7)________ notes. |
||
|
Study regularly |
(8)________ your notes. |
Help you understand it better and remember it longer. |
|
Read new material. |
||
|
Develop a good attitude about tests |
Don’t worry (9)________ much. |
Remember your new (10)________. |
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Gun control is a subject ______Americans have argued for a long time .
A. of which B. with which
C. into which D. about which
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第二节：完形填空(共20小题； 每小题1分， 满分20分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意， 然后从41-60各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
It was the last day of the final examination in a large eastern university. On the steps of one building, a group of students were talking about the exam that was going to begin in a few 21 .On their faces was confidence. This was their 22 exam—then on to graduation and jobs.
Some talked of jobs they already had, others talked of jobs they 23 get. With the certainty of four years of college, they felt 24 and able to take control of the world.
The coming exam, they knew, would be a（n）25 task, as the professor had said they could bring 26 books or notes they wanted, requesting only that they did not 27 each other during the test.
28 they entered the classroom. The professor passed out the papers. And smiles 29_on the students’ faces as they found there were only five questions.
Three hours had passed 30 the professor began to collect papers. The students no longer looked confident. On their faces was a frightened expression. Papers in hand, no one spoke as the professor faced the class.
He looked at the 31 faces before him, and then asked: “How many completed all five questions?” 32a hand was raised.
“How many answered four?” Still no hand.
“Three? Two?” The students moved restlessly in their seats. “One, then? Certainly somebody finished 33 .” But the class remained silent.
The professor put down the papers. “That is exactly what I 34,” he said. “I just want you to know that, although you have completed four years of study, there are 35 many things about the 36 you don’t know. These questions you could not answer are relatively common in everyday 37 .” Then, smiling, he added, “You will all 38 this course, but remember--even though you are now college graduates, your education had just 39 .”
The years have weakened the name of the professor, but not the 40 he taught.
21. A. seconds B. minutes C. hours D. days
22. A. only B. first C. very D. last
23. A. would B. must C. had to D. used to
24. A. glad B. ready C. sorry D. nice
25. A. interesting B. necessary C. easy D. unusual
26. A. no B. either C. any D. some
27. A. listen to B. look at C. care for D. talk to
28. A. Hardly B. Happily C. Quickly D. Carefully
29. A. appeared B. changed C. failed D. stopped
30. A. then B. as C. before D. after
31. A. pleased B. worried C. surprised D. moved
32. A. Not B. Once C. Only D. Even
33. A. all B. none C. one D. it
34. A. wondered B. enjoyed C. hated D. expected
35. A. even B. already C. so D. still
36. A. exam B. subject C. question D. college
37. A. job B. class C. practice D. study
38. A. pass B. fail C. take D. start
39. A. begun B. completed C. failed D. succeeded
40. A. subject B. things C. words D. lessons
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