Question

【题目】Researchers found that walking around with a forced smile and fake happiness simply leads to people feeling unhappier. So, putting a brave face on your sadness could be harmful. The research also found that women suffered more than men when pretending to be happy.

Dr. Brent Scott, who led the study, said employers should take note because forcing workers to smile when dealing with the public can result in bad outcomes. He said, “Smiling for the sake of smiling can lead to emotional tiredness, and that’s bad for the organization.” He also said the research showed customer-service workers who had “fake smiles” throughout the day didn’t want to work, so their productivity dropped.

The study is one of the first of its kind to examine emotional expressions over a period of time and compare the different effects on men and women. Dr. Scott’s team examined the effects of “surface acting”, or fake smiling, compared to “deep acting”, or making people smile by thinking of pleasant memories.

Dr. Scott said, “Women were harmed more by surface acting, meaning their moods worsened even more than men’s. However, they were helped more by deep acting, which means their moods improved more by thinking of pleasant memories.”

According to Dr. Scott women tend to suffer more when pretending to be happy because they are expected to be more emotionally expressive than men. Therefore, forcing a smile while feeling down is more likely to go against their normal behavior and cause more harmful feelings.

Although deep acting can improve moods a little in the short term, Dr. Scott says it’s not a long-term solution to feeling unhappy. There have been some suggestions that if you do this over a long period you start to feel unreal. You’re trying to develop positive emotions, but at the end of the day you may not feel like yourself any more.

【1】Dr. Scott’s findings may be important to some employers because .

A. their workers don’t want to work all the time

B. they want more female workers than male workers

C. their workers worsen their moods at the end of the day

D. they tend to force their workers to smile in public

【2】According to the passage, Dr. Scott’s study .

A. is meaningful as there haven’t been many similar ones before

B. aimed to make people more productive

C. examined more women than men

D. is supported by some big employers

【3】It is implied in the passage that deep acting .

A. cannot improve our moods at all B. does harm to our feelings in the long run

C. makes people happy by feeling like another person D. has no effect on men

【4】What is the best title for the passage?

A. An important suggestion for workers. B. Women shouldn’t be forced to smile.

C. Fake smiling makes people unhappy. D. Why people don’t want to work.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】D

【2】A

【3】B

【4】C

【解析】

本文为议论文。文章讲述的是一项研究表明，不是真心的笑会影响工人的工作效率，让人遭受痛苦，不快乐，长时间会伤害人的情感。

【1】推理判断题，根据倒数第二段的employers should take note because forcing workers to smile when dealing with the public can result in bad outcomes.可知因为强迫员工在与公众打交道时微笑可能会导致糟糕的结果。分析选项可知D正确。

【2】细节理解题。根据第三段“The study is one of the first of its kind to examine emotional expressions over a period of time and compare the different effects on men and women.”在同类研究中，该研究首度观察了人们在一段时间内的情绪表达，并且比较了这种情绪表达对男性和女性的不同影响。由这句话中的“one of the first of its kind”可知这类研究才在起始阶段，因此，Dr. Scott’s的研究很有意义。故A正确。文中说整天假笑会让生产力下降，但只是说老板让员工在应对客户时强颜欢笑结果会适得其反。这只是文中为论点提供的论据之一，并非该研究的目的，B错误的文中未提到由谁赞助，因此，D项错误。该研究对男性女性都进行了观察，但并未说观察女性多于男性，因此，C项错误。综合所述可知A项正确。

【3】推理判断题，根据题干中的“deep acting”到文中去寻找信息源。第三段对“deep acting”进行了解释，深层伪装是指通过回想快乐的记忆来培养正面的情绪。最后一段再次提到“deep acting” Although deep acting can improve moods a little in the short term, Dr. Scott says, it’s not a long-term solution to feeling unhappy. 尽管深层伪装能在短期内改善你的心情，但是它并不是应对心情低落的长期办法。if you do this over a long period you start to feel unreal. 如果你长期尽力去培养一种积极情绪，你可能会有一种不真实的感觉。你可能不像你自己了。由此可判断出deep acting短期是好的，但是从长期角度看还是有害的。分析选项可知B项符合题意。

【4】主旨大意题。分析选项A. An important suggestion for workers.给工人的建议。B. Women shouldn’t be forced to smile女性不应该被迫微笑。C. Fake smiling makes people unhappy. 假微笑使人不快乐。D. Why people don’t want to work. 为什么人们不想工作。分析文章第一段可知A项不是文章的主题；B项是基中的一个细节；第二段最后一句，可知整天假装微笑让人不想工作，故D项错误。通读全文可知，勉强微笑和虚假的快乐会让人遭受痛苦，让人们不快乐，故C项符合题意。故选C项。

主旨大意型题。每篇文章都会有一个主旨要义。主旨要义型题范围一般包括：短文标题、主题大意或段落大意等。此题型要求考生在理解文章后归纳文章要点，概括中心思想。文章标题可以是单词，短语，也可以是句子，它的特点是：短小精悍，多为一短语；涵盖性强，一般要求能覆盖全文，其确定的范围要恰当，既不能太大，也不能太小；精确性强，不能随意改变语言表意的程度及色彩。第4小题是标题类，根据全文的内容可知，C项最符合题意，故选C项。