16.Sports is not only physically challenging,but it can also mentally challenging.Criticism(批评)from coaches(trainers),parents,and other teammates,as well as pressure to win can create too much anxiety or stress for young athletes.Stress can be physical,emotional,or psychological,and research has showed that it can lead to burnout.Burnout has been described as dropping or quitting of an activity that was at one time enjoyable.
The early years of development are critical years for learning about oneself.The sport setting is one where valuable experiences can take place.Young athletes can,for example,learn how to cooperate with others,make friends,and gain other social skills that will be used throughout their lives.Coaches and parents should be aware(realize),at all times,that their feedback(反馈)to youngsters can greatly affect their children.Youngsters may take their parents'and coaches'criticisms to heart and find a flaw(缺陷) in themselves.
Coaches and parents should also be cautious(careful) that youth sport participation does not become work for children.The outcome of the game should not be more important than the process of learning the sort and other life lessons.In today's youth sport setting,young athletes may be worrying more about who will win instead of enjoying themselves and the sport.Following a game,many parents and coaches focus on(pay more attention to) the outcome and find fault with youngsters'performances.Positive reinforcement should be provided in spite of the outcome.Research shows that positive reinforcement motivates and has a greater effect on learning than criticism.Again,criticism can create high levels of stress(pressure),which can lead to burnout.
45.According to the passage sport is positive for young people in thatD
A.it can help them learn more about society
B.it teaches them how to set realistic goals for themselves
C.it enables them to find flaws in themselves
D.it can provide them with valuable experiences
46.According to the passage parents and coaches shouldC
A.help children to win every game
B.pay more attention to letting children enjoy sports
C.enable children to understand the positive aspect of sports
D.train children to deal with stress
47. The author's purpose in writing the passage isB
A.to persuade young children not to worry about criticism
B.to emphasize the importance of positive reinforcement to children
C.to discuss the skill of combing criticism with encouragement
D.to teach young athletes how to avoid burnout.
分析 本文讲述的是体育活动不仅是对体魄的挑战也是对心里的挑战.批评是没有用的,
解答 45.D文章第二段中The sport setting is one where valuable experiences can take place.此句表示体育活动能为年轻人提供极其有价值的一生都有用的人生经历.故体育对年轻人的积极作用就在于D.
46.C作者在第三段The outcome of the game should not be more important than the process of learning the sort and other life lessons;Positive reinforcement should be provided in spite of the outcome指出参与体育运动不是孩子的工作或任务,重在参与.比赛结果并不重要,更重要的是通过参与增加人生阅历.所以作者建议教练及父母应鼓励孩子积极参与"注意让孩子从体育活动中获得乐趣".故选C.
47.B作者写该文目的是告诉人们批评会给孩子造成各方面负担和压力,积极鼓励才会对孩子的成长有益.故"强调积极鼓励对孩子成长的重要性"切题.故选B.
点评 本文是一个新闻报道类阅读理解,题目涉及多道细节理解题,做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析,结合选项选出正确答案.推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案,切忌胡乱猜测,一定要做到有理有据.