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    阅读理解。
         Every family with kids has seen its share of arguments, shouting and complaining. It turns out that all that conflict serves an important purpose in the development of children.Saying "no" followed by a bad temper,
    just may be an unavoidable part of growing up. And that's a good thing. These are the first steps toward independence. Even young children have to challenge their parents sometimes.
          
         Studies have shown the following:                                                            
         Although stressful,conflict is beneficial for children.
         Learning to manage conflict is necessary for a child's development.
         Conflicts during the preschool years occur because children desire more attention than parents can or
    should give.
         If you understand why conflict occurs,it can minimize the conflicts between you and your children.
    Conflict is a child's attempt to develop a sense of self and how he or she learns to express his or her needs and ideas.Parents develop and drive this independence by putting children to the outside world both
    formally and informally.
         Conflict can grow out of different opinions or might just be a way to blow off steam (发脾气). In rare
    situations, constant conflict between parents and children can indicate a deeper emotional problem.
    Consult your doctor if this seems to be your situation.
         It's important to offer your child choices, which should be determined by age and developmental level.
    The more responsible a child is, the more choices he or she gets in reward. You can threaten your child
    with punishment,but often offering a choice will better improve angry situations.nConsequences and
    rewards should have some meaning to your child.
         Often a child's adverse (敌对的) reaction when he or she hears the word "no" can be avoided by
    giving the child an explanation as to why you have refused his or her request.
    1. The intended readers of this passage are _____.
    A. doctors
    B. teachers
    C. parents 
    D. children
    2. By saying "that's a good thing" in Paragraph 1, the author means _____.
    A. children try being independent
    B. children behave politely
    C. parents control their feelings well
    D. parents understand their children
    3. If a 3-year-old boy challenges his parents angrily, according to studies, he may _____.
    A. feel being overlooked by his parents
    B. get tired of staying at home
    C. be worried by the outside world
    D. want to avoid going to school
    4. In most cases, the conflict between parents and children _____.
    A. leads to misunderstanding
    B. doesn't really mean a deep emotional problem
    C. is an important choice
    D. involves visiting doctors
    5. What can be concluded from the passage?
    A. The more conflicts your family has,the better your child develops.
    B. Children enjoy giving their opinions by challenging their parents.
    C. Most parents would rather punish their children than reward them.
    D. Communication can reduce conflict between parents and children.
    1-5 CAABD
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    阅读理解

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    　　The European astronomers calculated the age after 16 hours of observations from a telescope in Chile that looked at light signatures of cooling hydrogen gas．

    　　Earlier this year, astronomers had made a general estimate of 600 to 800 million years after the Big Bang(宇宙大爆炸)for the most distant unclear points of light in the Hubble photograph, which was presented at an astronomy meeting back in January．

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    (1)

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    [　　]

    A．

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    B．

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    C．

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    D．

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    We can infer from the fourth paragraph that _________．

    [　　]

    A．

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    B．

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    C．

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    D．

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    (3)

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    [　　]

    A．

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    B．

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    阅读理解。
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    阅读理解。

          Ever since news of widespread food recalls caused by a carcinogenic dye (颜料) broke, there has been
    confusion over possible links to the country of the same name, but Sudan officials say there is no connection
    whatever.
         Sudan 1 is a red industrial dye that has been found in some chilli powder, but was banned in food products
    across the European Union (EU) in July 2003. Since the ban was put in place, EU officials have been striving
    to remove some food products from the shelves. So far 580 products have been recalled. Last week Sudan's
    Embassy in the United Kingdom asked the Food Standards Agency (FSA) for clarification of the origin of the
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         Omaima Mahmoud Al Sharief, a press official at Sudan's Embassy in China, explained the purpose of the
    inquiry was to clear up any misunderstanding over links between the country and the poisonous dye. 　　
         "We want to keep an eye on every detail and avoid any misunderstanding there," she said."Our embassy
    to Britain asked them how the dye got that name and whether the dye had something to do with our country.
    But they told us there was no relationship."
         The FSA, an independent food security watchdog in Britain, received a letter from the Sudanese embassy
    last week. 　
         "They asked us why the dye is named Sudan, however, we also do not know how it got the name," she
    said. "People found the dye in 1883 and gave it the name. Nobody knows the reason, and we cannot give any
    explanation before we find out."
         Sudan dyes, which include Sudan 1 to 4, are red dyes used for colouring solvents (溶剂), oils, waxes,
    petrol, and shoe and floor polishes. They are classified as carcinogens by the International Agency for
    Research on Cancer.

    1. What does the underlined word mean in paragraph one?
    A. Causing cancer.
    B. Having side effect.
    C. Containing poison.
    D. Poisonous.
    2. How did the Sudan 1 get its name?
    A. The dye is often produced in Sudan.
    B. The dye has something to do with the country named Sudan.
    C. Nobody is sure of the origin of the name.
    D. Many foods produced in Sudan contain the dye.
    3. We can infer from the passage that _____.
    A. the Sudan government is paying much attention to the food safety
    B. Sudan 1 is often used to be added to the food
    C. people didn't realize the danger of Sudan 1 until 2003
    D. many food shops will be closed down
    4. Which of the following is the best title?
    A. Keep away from Sudan 1
    B. No Sudan 1 dye links to the country
    C. How Sudan 1 dye got its name?
    D. Pay attention to the food safety

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