精英家教网 > 高中英语 > 题目详情
13.Talking plants might sound like characters in a fairy tale.But recent scientific studies have shown that plants communicate with each other and with other living things in a surprising number of ways.To understand them,scientists say,we just have to learn their language.Farmers are especially interested in what plants have to say.
"Plants are able to communicate with all sorts of organisms(有机体).They can communicate with giant bacteria,with other plants and with insects.They do this chemically,"said Cahill,an Ecology Professor of the University of Alberta in Canada.
Plant scientists are just beginning to understand this chemical"language".Cahill says studies have shown,for example,that plants can evaluate conditions in their immediate environment and take appropriate actions.Plants have an ability,for example,to signal pain or discomfort caused by anything from temperature extremes to an insect attack.Jack Schultz,a professor of chemical ecology at the University of Missouri.says when a plant senses that it's being eaten,it cannot walk away from trouble;on the contrary,it will release a chemical vapor that alerts other plants nearby.
"Their language is a chemical language,and it involves chemicals that move through the air,which are easily to be changed.and most of all are smells that we are familiar with,"Schultz ex-plained.
"All plants responded to the attack by changing their chemistry to defend themselves,"Schultz recalled."But we were quite surprised to find that nearby plants also changed their chemistry to defend themselves,even though they were not part of the experiment."
Studies have also shown that plants under attack release pleasant chemicals.Those chemicals attract friendly insects that attack the pests eating the plant.

32.The recent scientific studies have shown that plants canD.
A.respond to the attack by giving off poisonous chemicals
B.hardly react to any sudden change in temperature
C.use a very special chemical language which is familiar to us
D.communicate with other living things in a chemical way
33.When being eaten by a pest,the plant willC.
A.walk away from trouble
B.change its chemistry to kill the insect
C.give off chemicals to attract friendly insects to attack the pest
D.release a chemical vapor to"ask"other plants for help
34.The underlined word"alerts"most probably means"B".
A.protects    
B.warns    
C.threatens 
D.allows.
35.Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?A
A.How Plants"Talk"
B.Plants and Insects
C.Recent Scientific Studies 
D.How to Understand Plant Languages.

分析 本文是一篇科普文,主要讲述了"植物的特殊语言"及其功能以及这种特殊语言对农业生产可能产生的指导意义.

解答 32.D 细节理解题.根据文章第二段中的"Plants are able to communicate with all sorts of organisms (有机体)…They do this chemically."可知,植物能够与其他生物通过化学方式进行交流.故选D,
33.C.细节理解题.根据文章第三段中的"when a plant senses that it's being eaten…on the contrary,itwill release a chemical vapor…"以及文章倒数第二段中的"Those chemicals attract friendly insectsthat attack the pests eating the plant."可知,当植物被昆虫吞食的时候,植物会释放一种化学蒸汽,这种化学蒸汽能够吸引有益的昆虫来袭击害虫.故选C.
34.B.词义猜测题.根据上下文语境可知,植物在遭受攻击时会释放一种化学物质,这种化学物质有两种功能,一是警示危险的存在,二是发出求助信息.由此可知,此处的alert应该意为"警示,警惕",即warn.故选B.
35.A.主旨大意题.通读全文可知,文章主要讲述了"植物的特殊语言"及其功能.C项既能概括文章的主题又生动风趣,尤其是talk一词充满了拟人化的幽默感.故选A.

点评 关于科教类阅读中的一些专业词语或生词,考生要学会略过某些对阅读影响不大的词.如果必须要弄清它的意思,则可以根据词形进行判断,或者从该词在句子中的功用以及与其他词语之间的关系猜测生词的意思.也可根据上下文和其他词语的按时猜测生词的含义.

练习册系列答案
相关习题

科目:高中英语 来源: 题型:选择题

3.Although he likes playing tennis,he is ________ but a good tennis player.(  )
A.everythingB.somethingC.nothingD.anything

查看答案和解析>>

科目:高中英语 来源: 题型:阅读理解

4.How do predators (猎食动物) affect populations of the prey (猎物) animals?The answer is not as simple as might be thought.The Moose(麋鹿) reached Isle Royale in Lake Superior by crossing over winter ice and bred freely there in isolation without predators.When wolves later reached the island,naturalists widely assumed that the wolves would play a key role in controlling the moose population.Careful studies have demonstrated,however,that this is not the case.The wolves eat mostly old or diseased animals that would not survive long anyway.In general,the moose population is controlled by food availability,disease and other factors rather than by wolves.
When experimental populations are set up under simple laboratory conditions,the predator often wipes out its prey and then becomes extinct itself.However,if safe areas like those prey animals have in the wild are provided,the prey population drops to low level but not extinction.Low prey population levels then provide inadequate food for the predators,causing the predator population to decrease.When this occurs,the prey population can rebound.In this situation the predator and prey population may continue in this cyclical pattern for some time.
Population cycles are characteristic of small mammals,and they sometimes appear to be brought about by predators.Ecologists studying hare populations have found that the North American snowshoe hare follows a roughly ten-year cycle.Its numbers fall tenfold to thirty in a typical cycle,and a hundredfold change can occur.Two factors appear to be generating the cycle:food plants and predators.
The preferred foods of snowshoe hares are tender willow branches.As the hare population increases,the quantity of these branches decreases,forcing the hares to feed on low-quality high-fiber food.Lower birth rates and low growth rates follow,so there is a corresponding decline in hare abundance.Once the hare population has declined,it takes two to three year for the quantity of branches to recover.
A key predator of the snowshoe hare is the Canada lynx.The Canada lynx shows a ten-year cycle of abundance(大量) that parallels the abundance cycle of hares.As hare numbers fall,so do lynx numbers,as their food supply decreased.
Predators are an essential factor in maintaining communities that are rich and diverse in species.Without predators,the species that is the best competitor for food,shelter,and other environmental resources tends to dominate and exclude the species with which it competes.This phenomenon is known as"competitor exclusion".However,if the community contains a predator of the strongest competitor species,then the population of that competitor is controlled.Thus even the less competitive species are able to survive.From the stand point of diversity(多样性),it is usually a mistake to eliminate a major predator from a community.

73.The author uses the example of the moose and wolves on Isle Royale toB.
A.provide evidence that predators influence prey populations
B.question the belief in the effect of predators on prey populations
C.demonstrate predator population grows faster than that of the prey
D.prove that studies of isolated populations tend to be useful
74.The word"rebound"in the passage is closest in meaning toD.
A.React
B.Resist
C.Remain
D.Recover
75.Which of the following is true according to the passage?A
A.Laboratory results can't explain the changes in predator and prey populations of the wild.
B.The growth of hare population may lead to a corresponding increase in its birth rates.
C.The experimental environments can promote the growth of predator and prey populations.
D.The existence of a major predator in a community is a threat to the diversity of species.
76.What can we conclude from the passage about the cycle of the Canada lynx?C
A.When hare numbers decrease,lynx numbers increase.
B.It has a great effect on the number of snowshoe hare.
C.It closely follows the cycle of the snowshoe hare.
D.It is not directly related to the availability of lynx food.
77.What is the best title of this passage?B
A.What role predators play in keeping competitor species.
B.Whether predators have an impact on prey populations.
C.A study of the populations of the predator and prey animals.
D.Contributing factors of the changes in animal populations.

查看答案和解析>>

科目:高中英语 来源: 题型:填空题

1.The new teacher is kind and professional,which has left a good impression on his students.

查看答案和解析>>

科目:高中英语 来源: 题型:填空题

8.According to the report,only 300people survived in the earthquake last week.

查看答案和解析>>

科目:高中英语 来源: 题型:填空题

18.make up one's mind下定决心.

查看答案和解析>>

科目:高中英语 来源: 题型:填空题

5.工作人员为那些家园被毁的幸存者盖起了避难所.(用定语从句翻译)Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed.

查看答案和解析>>

科目:高中英语 来源: 题型:填空题

2.我们花在作业上的时间很多.(spend)Wespendmuchtimeon(our)homework./indoing(our)homework..

查看答案和解析>>

科目:高中英语 来源: 题型:填空题

3.除非你保持均衡的饮食,否则将会增加体重. (a balanced diet,put on weight )
Unless you keep a balanced diet,you will put on weight.

查看答案和解析>>

同步练习册答案