13．From the very beginning of school we make books and reading a constant source （源头）of possible failure and public humiliation（侮辱）．When children are little we make them read aloud before the teacher and other children，so that we can be sure they"know"all the words they are reading．This means that when they don't know a word，they are going to make a mistake，right in front of everyone．After having taught fifth-grade classes for four years，I decided to try at all costs to rid them of their fear and dislike of books，and to get them to read oftener and more adventurously．
One day soon after school had started，I said to them，"Now I'm going to say something about reading that you have probably never heard a teacher say before．I would like you to read a lot of books this year，but I want you to read them only for pleasure．I am not going to ask you questions to find out whether you understand the books or not．If you understand enough of a book to enjoy it and want to go on reading it，that's enough for me．Also I'm not going to ask you what words mean．"
The children sat stunned and silent．Was this teacher talking seriously？One girl，who had just come to us from a school where she had had a very hard time，looked at me steadily for a long time after I had finished．Then，still looking at me，she said slowly and seriously，Mr Holt，do you really mean that"I said just as seriously"？I mean every word of it．
During the spring she really astonished me．One day，she was reading at her desk．From a glimpse of the illustrations（插图） I thought I knew what the book was．I said to myself，"It can't be，"and went to take a closer look．Sure enough，she was reading Moby Dick，in edition with woodcuts．I said，"Don't you find parts of it rather heavy going"She answered，"Oh，sure，but I just skip over those parts and go on to the next good part．"
This is exactly what reading，I think，should be：find something，dive into it，take the good parts，skip the bad parts，get what you can out of it，and then go on to something else．
21．According to the passage，children's fear and dislike of books may result fromA．
A．being made to read aloud before others
B．reading often and adventurously
C．being made to read too much
D．being made to read aloud before others
22．The teacher told his students to readC．
A．for higher scores in exams
B．for knowledge
C．for enjoyment
D．for a larger vocabulary
23．Upon hearing the teacher's talk，the children probably felt thatC．
A．it sounded stupid
B．it was not surprising at all
C．it sounded too good to be true
D．it was no different from other teachers'talk
24．Which of the following statements about the girl is TRUE according to the passage？C
A．She skipped over those easy parts while reading．
B．She had a hard time finishing the required reading tasks．
C．She learned to appreciate some parts of the difficult books．
D．She turned out to be a top student after coming to this school．
分析 从孩子入学开始，我们就把书本和读书变成不断可能失败和当众受辱的源头．孩子小的时候我们让他们在老师和其他孩子之前大声朗读，所以我们可以肯定他们"知道"他们所读的这一切话．这就意味着当他们不知道的话，他们会犯错误，而且是在所有的人面前犯错，这会给他们带来一些害怕．所以作者认为阅读应该是一种快乐的事，而不是强迫性的阅读，强调通过快乐阅读培养阅读习惯．
解答 21-24 ACCC
21．A 细节理解题．由第一段第三句"This means that when they don't know a word，they are going to make a mistake，right in front of everyone．"可知当他们不知道单词的时候，他们会犯错，而且是在所有的人面前犯错，这会给他们带来一些害怕，故选A．
22．C 细节理解题．由第二段老师的话"I would like you to read a lot of books this year，but I want you to read them only for pleasure"，可见老师是想让学生们为了乐趣而读书，故选C．
23．C 细节理解题．由第三段第一句"The children sat stunned and silent．"孩子们震惊和沉默地坐着，可见孩子们很吃惊，难以令人置信，故选C．
24．C 推理判断题．由第四段最后一句"She answered，Oh，sure，but I just skip over those parts and go on to the next good part"可知这个女孩知道如何欣赏这些文章，故选C．
点评 阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释．考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点．
