Most people look forward to retirement as a time when they can finally take up activities that they never had the time or energy to pursue before. Bust some recent studies on people in their golden years are disturbing: they suggest that retirees are more likely to suffer from depression and possibly higher rates of other diseases such as heart disease and high blood pressure. That’s why a new study of French workers is welcome news.
Led by Hugo Westerlund, a professor of psychology at Stockholm University, the study of more than 14,000 workers found lower rates of depression and fatigue(疲劳) in people after they got tired while they were still employed.
The scientists followed the employees of the French national gas and electric company for 14 years. They found in the year immediately after retirement, the volunteers reported 40% fewer depressive symptoms than they had in the year before their retirement. The researchers also found an 81% drop in reports of both mental and physical fatigue over the same time period.
Clearly, said Westerlund, much of these decrease in physical and mental fatigue can be traced back to relief from the stresses of work. The decline in depressive symptoms suggests that retirement may be having a positive mental effect, too, which may have a lot to do with the generous pensions(养老金) that French workers enjoy. Most retirees in that country still benefit from about 80% of their yearly salaries.
“The economic or financial situation in retirement is very important,” Westerlund says. “We don’t know if the decrease in fatigue and depressive symptoms is because of the removal of something bad while in work or the addition of something good while in retirement. But no matter the reason, if life in retirement is not comfortable, then we won’t see the improvements we did.”
However, in European nations like France, governments are considering changes to pension plans, which may affect retirees’ health after they leave their jobs—with less of a financial safety net, workers may no longer seem so mentally and physically happy to be out of work.
(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS)
【小题1】According to some recent studies, retired people may have depression and higher rates of other disease like ____________________________________.
【小题2】Westerlund’s group found that in the year just after the retirement most retired French workers felt much less tired both __________________________________.
【小题3】What dies the word “improvements” in paragraph 5 refer to?
_______________________________________________________________
【小题4】Retirement may make people happier with ___________________________________
【小题1】heart disease and high blood pressure
【小题2】mentally and physically
【小题3】the decrease in fatigue and depressive symptoms
【小题4】the more of a financial safety net
解析【小题1】细节题：从第一段的句子：they suggest that retirees are more likely to suffer from depression and possibly higher rates of other diseases such as heart disease and high blood pressure.可知答案是heart disease and high blood pressure
【小题2】细节题：从第三段的句子：he researchers also found an 81% drop in reports of both mental and physical fatigue over the same time period.可知退休的人精神和身体都感到疲劳。mentally and physically
【小题3】细节题：从第五段的句子：“We don’t know if the decrease in fatigue and depressive symptoms is because of the removal of something bad while in work or the addition of something good while in retirement.可知是减少疲劳和压抑的症状： the decrease in fatigue and depressive symptoms
【小题4】细节题：从最后一段的句子：with less of a financial safety net, workers may no longer seem so mentally and physically happy to be out of work.可知答案是 the more of a financial safety net
科目：高中英语 来源：浙江省金华十校2010届高三下学期第一次模拟考试 题型：阅读理解
C
Have you ever picked a job based on the fact that you were good at 
it but later found it made you feel very uncomfortable over time? When you select your career, there’s whole lot more to it than assessing your skills and matching them with a particular position. If you ignore your personality, it will hurt you long-term regardless of your skills or the job's pay. There are several areas of your personality that you need to consider to help you find a good job. Here are a few of those main areas:
1) Do you prefer working alone or with other people?
There are isolating(使孤立) jobs that will drive an outgoing person crazy and also interactive jobs that will make a shy person uneasy. Most people are not extremes in either direction but do have a tendency that they prefer. There are also positions that are sometimes a combination of the two, which may be best for someone in the middle who adapts easily to either situation.
2) How do you handle change?
Most jobs these days have some elements of change to them, but some are more than others. If you need stability in your life, you may need a job where the changes don't happen so often. Other people would be bored of the same daily routine.
3) Do you enjoy working with computers?
I do see this as a kind of personality characteristic. There are people who are happy to spend more than 40 hours a week on a computer, while there are others who need a lot of human interaction throughout the day. Again, these are extremes and you'll likely find a lot of positions somewhere in the middle as well.
4) What type of work environment do you enjoy?
This can range from being in a large building with a lot of people you won't know immediately to a smaller setting where you'll get to know almost all the people there fairly quickly.
5) How do you like to get paid?
Some people are motivated by the pay they get, while others feel too stressed to be like that. The variety of payment designs in the sales industry is a typical example for this.
Anyway, these are a great starting point for you. I've seen it over and over again with people that they make more money over time when they do something they love. It may take you a little longer, but making a move to do what you have a passion for can change the course of your life for the better.
49．This passage mainly talks about the importance of _______.
A．different jobs B．personalities C．personal skills D．job’s pay
50．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A．Isolating jobs usually drive people mad.
B．Interactive jobs make people shy easily.
C．Extreme people tend to work with others.
D．Almost everyone has a tendency in jobs.
51．What is the missing word about a job search in the following chart?
A．Design B．Skills C．Cooperation D．Hobbies
 |
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科目：高中英语 来源：河北省南宫中学2009-2010学年度高二下学期3月月考 题型：阅读理解
C
We can achieve knowledge either actively or passively（被动地）．We achieve it actively by direct experience, by testing and proving an idea, or by reasoning.
We achieve knowledge passively by being told by someone else．Most of the learning that takes place in the classroom and the kind that happens when we watch TV or read newspapers or magazines is passive．Conditioned as we are to passive learning, it’s not surprising that we depend on it in our everyday communication with friends and co-workers.
Unfortunately, passive learning has a serious problem．It makes us tend to accept what we are told even when it is little more than hearsay and rumor（谣言）.
Did you ever play the game Rumor? It begins when one person writes down a message but doesn’t show it to anyone．Then the person whispers it, word for word, to another person．That person, in turn, whispers it to still another, and so on, through all the people playing the game．The last person writes down the message word for word as he or she hears it．Then the two written statements are compared．Typically, the original message has changed.
That’s what happens in daily life．The simple fact that people repeat a story in their own words changes the story．Then, too, most people listen imperfectly．And many enjoy adding their own creative touch to a story, trying to improve on it, stamping（打上标记）it with their own personal style．Yet those who hear it think they know.
This process is also found among scholars and authors: A statement of opinion by one writer may be re-stated as fact by another, who may in turn be quoted by yet another; and this process may continue, unless it occurs to someone to question the facts on which the original writer based his opinion or to challenge the interpretation he placed upon those facts.
49．According to the passage, passive learning may occur in _______.
A．doing a medical experiment B．solving a math problem
C．visiting an exhibition D．doing scientific reasoning
50．The underlined word “it” in Paragraph 2 refers to _____.
A．active learning B．knowledge C．communication D．passive learning
51．The author mentions the game Rumor to show that _____.
A．a message may be changed when being passed on
B．a message should be delivered in different ways
C．people may have problems with their sense of hearing
D．people tend not to believe in what they know as rumor
52．What can we infer from the passage?
A．Active learning is less important.
B．Passive learning may not be reliable.
C．Active learning occurs more frequently.
D．Passive learning is not found among scholars.
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科目：高中英语 来源：江苏省宁海外国语学校2010届高三高考模拟英语试题（二） 题型：阅读理解
D
Men and women who serve in the United States armed forces are proud of the names like
doughboy and GI Joe．The names have come from the American Civil War．
After the American Civil War in the eighteen sixties，a writer in a publication called Beadle’s Monthly used the word doughboy to describe Civil War soldiers．But word expert Charles Funk says that early writer could not explain where the name started．
About twenty years later，someone did explain．She was the wife of the famous American general George Custer．Elizabeth Custer wrote that a doughboy was a sweet food served to Navy men on ships．She also said the name was given to the large buttons on the clothes of soldiers．For example，the soldiers enjoyed their new GI very much．They looked smart and felt comfortable．Elizabeth Custer believed the name changed over time to mean the soldiers themselves．
By World War Two，soldiers were called other names．The one most often heard was GI, or GI Joe．Most people say the letters GI were a short way to say general issue or government issue．The name came to mean several things．It could mean the soldier himself．It could mean things given to soldiers when they joined the military such as weapons，equipment or clothes．And，for some reason，it could mean to organize，or clean．Soldiers often say，“We GI’d the place．”And when an area looks good．soldiers may say the area is“GI．”Strangely，though，GI can also mean poor work，a job badly done．
Some students of military words have another explanation of GI．They say that instead of government issue or general issue，GI came from the words galvanized iron．The American soldier was said to be like galvanized iron，a material produced for special strength．The Dictionary of Soldier Talk says GI was used for the words galvanized iron in a publication about the vehicles of the early twentieth century．
Today，a doughboy or GI may be called a grunt(咕哝声)．Nobody is sure of the exact beginning of the word．But，the best idea probably is that the name comes from the sound that troops make when ordered to march long distances carrying heavy equipment．
68．Originally the word“doughboy”referred to ．
A．the American Civil War B．a word expert in the 1860s
C．the American Civil War writers D．a sweet food and the buttons
69．It was who found how the name doughboy came about．
A．Elizabeth Custer B．George Custer
C．Charles Funk D．Beadle's Monthly
70．What does GI mean in the example in Paragraph 4 ?
A．Clothes． B．Weapons．
C．Government issues． D．Vehicles．
71．Which of the following statements is TRUE?
A．Navy soldiers used to 1ike sweet food a lot in the wars．
B．Much noise was made when soldiers carried equipment．
C．Galvanized iron was a symbol of the soldiers．
D．A US soldier can be called a doughboy，a GI or a grunt．
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科目：高中英语 来源：2011届浙江绍兴一中高三下回头考试英语卷 题型：阅读理解
Taiwan will finalize a plan by the end of June to open up the island to tourists from mainland China, though no date has been fixed for formal implementation（执行）, an official at the Mainland Affairs Council（MAC）said on Monday．
The official said the reports in the local press on Monday that the MAC has dec
ided to postpone its plan to announce the implementation of the new plan on July 1 were inaccurate．
The official said cooperation between different organizations was still underway．The United Daily news quoted the director of the MAC’s legal affairs department, Liu Thehsun, as saying the plan to open up to mainland tourists would not be implemented as scheduled due to a lack of cross-strait communication．
Although relevant authorities, including the Bureau of Immigration and the Tourism Bureau, have complete reports on how to deal with visitors from mainland China, the decision has been taken not to press, ahead with announcement of the plan’s implementation on the first of July, Liu was quoted as saying．
The report also said that while no restrictions would be imposed on the mainland visitors in terms of age or residence in China, the visitors would need to hold a steady job or have more than 50,000RMB（about 6,000, U．S．dollars）in bank savings before they would be eligible（有资格的）to visit Taiwan．
In addition, Taiwan bound mainland tourists would have to come as part of a tour group and would be allowed to stay a maximum of 10 days each time．
The number of mainland tourists allowed to enter the island would also initially be limited to 1,000 people a day．
Although most people from Taiwan are free to travel to China, only a small number of mainland Chinese have been able to visit the island due to restrictions imposed by both sides of the Taiwan Strait after the end of a civil war in 1949．
【小题1】At the moment, according to the passage, ___________．
| A．no mainland Chinese can visit Taiwan now |
| B．any mainland Chinese can visit Taiwan now |
| C．many mainland Chinese have ever visited Taiwan since 1949 |
| D．a few mainland Chinese have ever visited Taiwan since 1949 |
A．there will be no restr ictions to mainland visitors |
| B．mainland visitors who want to travel in Taiwan must have at least ￥50,000 in the bank savings account |
| C．there will be no age restrictions to the mainland visitors |
| D．mainland visitors will be free to travel to Taiwan |
| A．MAC | B．United Daily |
| C．several organizations | D．Bureau of Immigration |
| A．The implementation of the plan has not been fixed． |
| B．It was originally fixed on July 1 to announce the plan’s implementation． |
| C．For lack of cross-strait communication, the plan will not be officially completed until July． |
| D．When the plan is finalized, it will be announced immediately． |
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科目：高中英语 来源：河北省衡水中学2009-2010学年度高一下学期期中考试英语试卷 题型：阅读理解
C
We are so used to having a cup of tea before heading off to work, during work or after getting back from work. Tea breaks are more like a custom that takes place regularly several times a day. This tea break tradition has been happening during the past 200 years or so. Tea just happens to be a wonderful drink for most of us. The day simply feels incomplete without a hot cup of tea. However, is tea good for you?
In 2006, the papers were flooded with the news of research showing that drinking 2-3 cups of tea a day is as beneficial as drinking water, with even some additional health benefits. Another report published in November 2009, stated that drinking up to eight cups of tea a day is good for you. The research conducted by nutrition expert Dr. Carrie Ruxton, debunked (揭示…的真相)the popular stories about caffeinated(含咖啡因的)drinks like tea, coffee and cocoa. According to Dr. Ruxton, the caffeine present in tea tends to lower the risk of heart attacks and strokes. She says that drinking 8 cups of tea a day gives the drinkers “the best levels of health-giving substances” present in tea and other caffeinated drinks.
Contrary to popular belief that tea does not contain more caffeine than coffee, it actually contains almost half the amount. Caffeine is a natural thing found in many types of food and drink. It’s also something that can give you a much needed lift for a demanding and tiring afternoon ahead. Research shows that proper amounts of caffeine are safe for most people.
So why not take full advantage of your tea breaks at work, or make time for afternoon tea while out shopping at the weekend? And remember that tea is not just a great drink, but it helps to keep you looking and feeling healthy.
59. What is mainly talked about in the first paragraph?
A. The types of tea. B. The tea custom C. How to drink tea D. When to drink tea.
60. Reports in the newspapers show that ______.
A. drinking tea is a healthy habit B. new ways of drinking tea appear
C. drinking tea is harmful to health D. people don’t like to drink tea any more
61. Caffeine in tea ____.
A. can make you energetic B. gives you a good rest
C. may cause heart attacks D. is more than that in coffee
62. What would be the best title for the passage?
A. Tea and disease B. Tea—a healthy drink
C. Tea, coffee and cocoa D. Drink tea or coffee
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