What if handheld (掌控型的) tools know what needs to be done and were even able to guide and help inexperienced users to complete jobs that require skill? Researchers at the University of Bristol have developed and started studying a novel concept in robotics—intelligent handheld robots. Historically, handheld tools have been straight, unintelligent instruments that are unaware of the context they operate in, are fully directed by the user, and therefore, lack any understanding about the task they are performing.
Dr. Walterio Mayol-Cuevas and PhD student, Austin Gregg-Smith, from the University's Department of Computer Science, have been working in the design of the robot as well as in understanding how best to be with a tool that “knows and acts”.
Compared to other tools such as power tools that have a motor and perhaps some basic sensors (感应器), the handheld robots developed at Bristol are designed to have more degrees of freedom to allow greater independence from the instructions of the user, and importantly, understand the steps being carried out. This allows for a new level of co-operation between user and tool, such as the user providing directions and the tool performing the detailed task.
Handheld robots, aim to share physical similarity with users but are neither fully independent as is a humanoid robot nor are part of the user’s body. The aim with handheld robots is to develop the intuitiveness (灵性) of using traditional handheld tools while adding planted intelligence and action to allow for new abilities.
Dr. Mayol-Cuevas, Reader in Robotics Computer Vision and Mobile Systems, said, “There are three basic levels of autonomy (自主权) we are considering: no autonomy, semi-autonomous when the robot advises the user but does not act, and fully autonomous when the robot advises and acts even by correcting or refusing to perform incorrect user actions.”
1.What is the new concept in robotics?
A. Full control by the user.
B. Improvement in intelligence.
C. Larger size of the robots.
D. Help for the experienced users.
2.What is the meaning of the underlined word “unaware”?
A. updated B. educated
C. organized D. uninformed
3.What is the advantage of handheld robots compared to other tools?
A. They are more dependent on the users.
B. They all have a motor and basic sensors.
C. They don’t need to follow the instructions at all.
D. They have a new level of freedom to perform the task.
4.What can we learn from the passage?
A. The handheld robots can never disobey the user’s order.
B. The autonomy is the only thing that the scientists are considering.
C. There will be more intelligence and independence in the handheld robots.
D. The aim of the handheld robots is to correct and refuse the user’s directions.
阅读快车系列答案科目：高中英语 来源：2015-2016学年江苏泰兴市高二上期中英语试卷（解析版） 题型：单项填空
Those who can achieve high grades in class tend to be weak in handling some practical problems, ________ is often the case.
A. which B. as C. it D. That
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科目：高中英语 来源：2014-2015学年海南省高三5月模拟英语试卷（解析版） 题型：短文改错
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处错误，每句中最多有两处，每处仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号 (^)，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除: 把多余的词用斜线 (\) 划掉。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Someone asks me what on the earth happiness means? I can’t give you the exactly definition of it, but I’m sure if you love and help others, you’ll get it.
I’ll never forget an old lady. She lives a small house alone. It’s said that her husband and her son were died in a traffic accident. How bitter her life is! But the old lady often helped others with a smile. Wherever it snows, she is always the first to clean the paths. She looks after several children living nearby. I am one of those. I often remember the stories she told about us and her kind smile. Perhaps she is lucky, but I think she is a happy person. Her life full of laughter and love.
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科目：高中英语 来源：2016届江苏扬州中学高三上10月月考英语试卷（解析版） 题型：单项填空
Such phenomena as this _____now widely accepted，of which，however，some___ abstract
to understand.
A．are；seem B．is；seems
C．are；seems D．is；seem
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科目：高中英语 来源：2015-2016学年江西上高二中高二上第一次月考英语试卷（解析版） 题型：阅读理解
If you are interested in animals, you probably heard about the tragedy at Seaworld Orlando. On February 24, Tillicum, a six-ton orca(虎鲸)，was performing with his trainer, Dawn Brancheau, who stood on a platform by his pool.
They had done the same show together many times before, without incident. This time, though, events took a terrible turn. Without warning, Tillicum leaped from the water, took hold of Branchcheau by her hair, and dragged her deep below the water’s surface. Before other trainers could react, Brancheau drowned.
Although known as killer whales, orcas are the largest member of the dolphin family. They are easy to train, and performances like Tillicum’s have been done safely thousands of times. Yet Dawn Brancheau’s death was a shocking reminder of what can happen when human being act together with wild animals. People began to ask, “Should orcas be kept in captivity(囚禁)”
Yes
Worldwide, only 42 orcas are being kept by humans. Scientists know very little about these huge sea animals, which are difficult to study in the wild. However, they do know that orcas are easily harmed by pollution. As our oceans become ever more damaged by human activity, observing orcas up close helps us understand them and do a better job of protecting them in nature.
“I think that some dangerous animals, such as killer whales, should be kept in captivity because it raises awareness about them and educates people about wild animals,” says Lauren, 12, a 6-grader from Colorado. “Keeping some in captivity will help protect their species.”
No
Enclosed habitats can be painful to wild animals, and make them act in unpredictable even harmful ways.
“It is wrong to keep these animals in captivity”, says Prathm, 12 The 7th grader from New Jersey, adds, “They should live in their own habitats, not be used as entertainment slaves.”
Richard Ellis, a marine conservationist in New York, agrees. “It is part of human nature to keep wild animals in small spaces and train them to do tricks,” he says. “I’m against it because I think it humiliates the animals.”
1.Why does the author tell the tragedy of Dawn Brancheau ?
A．To introduce the topic.
B．To express his sympathy.
C．To describe the human animal relationship.
D．To warn people of the danger of keeping animals.
2.What can we infer from the text?
A. It is hard to train orcas.
B. Orcas are rare sea animals.
C. Orcas’ habitat is being destroyed.
D. Many orcas are hunted each year.
3.The underlined word ”humiliates” in the last paragraph most probably means “ _____”.
A. makes somebody less intelligent
B. makes somebody feel ashamed
C. makes somebody physically weak
D. makes somebody feel threatened
4.The text is mainly about_______.
A. how to help animals live a better life
B. how to develop friendship with animals
C. whether killer whales should be protected
D. whether animals should be kept in captivity
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科目：高中英语 来源：2016届山东诸城市高三10月月考英语试卷（解析版） 题型：阅读理解
Environment Awareness Week Regal Convention Centre，Halls 1-4 24-30 March 2015 10：00 am-9：00 pm Free admission for all!
Save the environment，Save our future Our environment needs help．With the participation of more than 50 organizations．Environment Awareness Week is the biggest public education event dedicated to environmental protection and conservation．Don’t miss it! Come and know more about：
The Threats to Earth(Hall 1)—What is global warming?
How serious is pollution? Learn about different environmental problems from our university students．Protect our environment!
The Search for Renewable Energy(Hall 2)—Can we get electricity from wind，solar energy，waves，rivers and underground heat? Get the answers from Solar Ace，Teflon，Touch Wind Resources and other participants．
The Quest for Freshwater(Hall 3)—Is the shortage of freshwater worsening? What are Singapore’s solutions for treating wastewater? Hear from Flow Technologies，HydroMax Solutians and other participants．
The 3 Rs to Save Earth(Hall 4)—How can we REDUCE，REUSE and RECYCLE to cut down household wastes? Find out from the Global Gaia Network，Green Earth Foundation and other participants．
1.The organizer of the event is______________________．
A．Global Gaia Network B．Clean Energy Agency
C．Green Earth Foundation D．International Environment Fund
2.What’s the purpose of“Environment Awareness Week”?
A．To educate people about environment protection．
B．To advertise for environmental friendly products．
C．To make money by attracting visitors．
D．To support environment protection．
3.The“3 RS”stand for_____________．
A．Read，Realize and Remember
B．Reduce，Reuse and Recycle
C．Green Earth Foundation
D．Global Gaia Network
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科目：高中英语 来源：2016届河南陕州中学高三上学期阶段性考试前模拟训练英语试卷（解析版） 题型：阅读理解
BEIJING - A research team led by Chinese scientists have discovered dietary modulation of gut microbiota（膳食干预肠道菌群）can alleviate both genetic and simple obesity in children.
The findings of the team, led by Zhao Liping with Shanghai Jiaotong University, Yin Aihua with the Guangdong province children's hospital, and Tang Huiru with Chinese Academy of Sciences, have been published on EBioMedicine, a renowned medical journal co-sponsored by Cell and The Lancet in July.
The team identified bacterial genomes specifically for producing obesity-related metabolites（代谢物）, and said an improved gut microbiota can significantly help to treat genetic obesity such as Prader-Willi Syndrome (PWS).
Beginning in childhood, PWS affected kids develop an insatiable appetite, leading to chronic overeating and obesity.
The scientists used a diet therapy with beneficial gut bacteria on trial patients and found considerable diminished appetite, weight loss and improved health conditions on the patients.
The paper concluded dysbiosis （失调）of gut microbiota is highly related with both genetic and simple obesity in children, implicating dietary modulation of gut microbiota a potentially effective treatment method.
1. Which of the following factors contributes to child obesity?
A. dietary modulation of gut microbiota
B. beneficial gut bacteria
C. an improved gut microbiota
D. dysbiosis of gut microbiota
2. Which can replace the underlined word “diminished”？
A. unsatisfied B. increased
C. decreased D. good
3. Where is the passage extracted?
A. Medicine book B. Science book
C. Doctor’s instructions D. News report
4. Which might be the best title for the passage?
A. Chinese scientists discover treatment to child obesity.
B .The reasons for genetic obesity in children has been found.
C. Obesity-related research has been done by Chinese scientists.
D. An effective treatment to obesity has been found.
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科目：高中英语 来源：2016届陕西咸阳武功县高三摸底考试英语试卷（解析版） 题型：语法填空
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（不多于3个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Dear Tom，
How time flies! You __1.____(study) in Beijing for nearly a month, during which you must __2.____(achieve) a lot. Well, how’s everything going? It is reported that the weather there is very hot and dry these days, which is very different from ___3.__of your country. Have you adapted to it? In__4.___ (add), you once complained that the food ___5.___(serve) there was not to your taste. I hope that should have been improved.
I am glad to tell you that I will go to Beijing to take part in an English speech contest in July, __6.___is not only an honor, but also a great opportunity for me __7.__(improve) myself . And now I try my best to make ___8.___(prepare) for it. However , I have some trouble in ___9.___(collect) the materials relevant and using the language. I will appreciate it if you give me a hand to solve the problems.
After the contest, I am to drop___10.__ at your school to visit you.
Please wait for my phone.
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科目：高中英语 来源：2014-2015学年北京市海淀区高三上学期期末考试英语试卷（解析版） 题型：单项填空
Every Monday, my English teacher would cheerfully ask me _______ my weekend had been.
A．that B．if C．what D．how
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