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18.The man's innocence was disbelieved until evidence came to light ______he was trapped by a group who had committed the murder.(  )
A.thatB.whichC.whenD.where

分析 这个人的清白一直到证据被揭露出来才得以证实,一群犯有谋杀罪的人将他困了起来.

解答 答案A.
分析从句"______he was trapped by a group who had committed the murder."的句子成分可知从句中不缺少主语和宾语,且不缺语义,故排除B,C和D三项;
通过句子的意思可知"he was trapped by a group who had committed the murder."是来解释说明evidence的具体内容的,所以从句是名词性从句中的同位语从句,故答案选A.

点评 本题考查同位语从句.做题时应该注意同位语从句与定语从句的区别.如何区别同位语从句和定语从句?
 同位语从句和定语从句在形式上基本相同,都是跟在名词或代词之后,且又常由that引导.但它们的句法功能却是不同的,我们可以从三个方面来加以区别.  
(1)根据that来区别.引导定语从句的that是关系代词,除了起连接主句和从句的作用外,还代替先行词在从句中充当一个成分.而且这个that还常可以用which来代替.引导同位语从句的that是个连词,只起连接主句和从句的作用,在从句中不充当任何成分,也不能用which来代替.
例如:The fact that(which) we talked about is very important.我们所谈论的那个事实很重要.(that在从句中作about的宾语)
      The fact that he succeeded in the experiment pleased everybody.他实验成功这个事实使我们大家很高兴.(that只起连接作用)  
再如:The news that you heard is true.你听到的消息是真的.(that在从句中作heard的宾语)
(2)根据先行词来区别.定语从句的先行词可以是人,也可以是具体事物或抽象概念.定语从句在复合同中相当于形容词,对这些先行词起修饰、描述或限制的作用.
例如:The moon is a satellite that goes around the earth.月亮是围绕地球运转的一颗卫星.  
      The few points that the president stressed in his report are very important.总统在报告里强调的几点确实很重要.  
同位语所进一步说明的词则是抽象意义的概念,如:fact,result,discovery,news,hope,reason,proposal,thought等.
同位语的作用相当于名词,对前面的名词给予补充说明或进一步解释.
例如:He has an idea that he can make the scientific instrument in a better way.他想到能用更好的方法制造这种科学仪器.(从句是idea的具体内容)  
     He expressed the hope that he would come to China again.他表达了他要再来中国的希望.(从句是hope的具体内容)
(3)根据引导词来区别.  
如果引导从句的词为when,where,why或者how,而其前面的名词又分别表示时间、地点、原因或方式方法等意义,则它们为关系副词,引导的是定语从句.
例如:I'll never forget the day when I saw the Great Wall.我永远不会忘记我见到长城的那一天.  
     This is the room where Lu Xun once lived.这是鲁迅曾住过的屋子.  
而这些连接副词与前面的名词意义不相关时,这些词便是连接副词,引导同位语从句前面的名词往往也是idea,truth,news等.
例如:The question when we will start the work is not decided.我们何时开始工作的问题尚未决定.  
      You have no idea how worried I was.你不知道我是多么担心.

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