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11.It was the end of my first day as a waitress in a busy New York restaurant.My cap had gone away,and my feet hurt.The loaded plates I carried seemed to be heavier and heavier.Tired and discouraged,I didn't seem able to do anything right.As I made out a check for a family with several children who had changed their ice-cream order a dozen times,I was ready to stop.Then the father smiled at me as he handed me my tip."Well done,"he said,"you've looked after us really well."Suddenly my tiredness disappeared.I smiled back,and later,when the manager asked me how I'd liked my first day,I said,"Fine!"Those few words of praise had changed everything.Praise is like sunlight to human spirit; we cannot flower and grow without it.And yet,most of us are only too ready to apply to others the cold criticism,but are unwilling to give our fellows the warm sunshine of praise.Perhaps that is why one word of praise can bring such pleasure.
It's strange how   chary  we are about praising.Perhaps it's because few of us know how to accept it.It's especially rewarding to give praise in areas in which effort generally goes unnoticed.An artist gets admired for a glorious picture,a cook for a perfect meal.But do you ever tell your laundry manager how pleased you are when the shirts are done just right?In fact,to give praise costs the giver nothing but a moment's thought and a moment's effort.
21.Which of the following Can't describe the writer's situation before she got her tip?D
A.She was tired.
B.She was busy.
C.She was sorry.
D.She was confident.
22.According to the passage,which of the following is least likely to be given praise?D
A.An artist.
B.A cook.
C.A waitress.
D.A laundry manager.
23.The underlined word"chary"in Paragraph 2most probably meansC.
A.cautious              
B.careful               
C.unwilling          
D.greedy
24.What is the best title of the passage?C
A.Why Do You Praise Others?
B.Why do You Criticize Others?
C.Be Generous to Give Others Praise!
D.Don't Criticize Others!

分析 本文属于说明文阅读,作者通过这篇文章主要向我们描述了作者自己做服务员时虽然不完美却受到表扬的经历,说明了应该对人多进行表扬和夸奖,这会让世界更美好.

解答 21.D.细节理解题.从第一段第一句"It was the end of my first day as a waitress in a busy New York restaurant."及 …"I was ready to stop"可以看出作者第一天上班就不想再继续工作了,可以看出作者没什么自信,因此She was confident不能描述作者在收到小费前的情况.故选D.
22.D.推理判断题.从文章第二段"It's especially rewarding to give praise in areas in which effort generally goes unnoticed.An artist gets admired for a glorious picture,a cook for a perfect meal.But do you ever tell your laundry (洗衣房)manager how pleased you are when the shirts are done just right?But do you ever tell your laundry (洗衣房)manager how pleased you are when the shirts are done just right?"可以看出最不可能受到表扬的应该是洗衣房老板.故选D.
23.C.词义猜测题.根据文章第三段"It's strange how   chary  we are about praising.Perhaps it's because few of us know how to accept it"奇怪的是我们对表扬是何其的不情愿.也许是因为我们很少有人知道如何接受它;可知词义为不愿意的;故选C.
24.C.主旨大意题.通读全文,可知作者通过自己做服务员时受到表扬的经历,说明了应该对人多进行表扬和夸奖.故C选项正确.

点评 考察学生的细节理解和推理判断能力,做细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原句,和题干进行比较,再做出正确的选择.在做推理判断题不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实,要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断.

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