Question

Hoffman，40，a former senior vice president of a financial company，had what she describes as “one of those extreme jobs.” “I loved working,” she says. But her career path reached a crossroad when her second child was born，and she left her job in February 2007. Hoffman is one of many people who have left the work force to take a break，but she has a position as a consultant．She has described this type of career detour(绕路) ----- which is more common for women than for men—as “off- ramping．” Typically it occurs when the balancing act of parenting and work becomes too tough．
A study by the center found that more than 90 percent of women who off-ramp want to on-ramp back into the work force eventually．But making the transition back to work is rarely easy，and it is even harder in this economic climate of layoffs and hiring freezes.
Considering some of the obstacles faced by on- rampers , a three-day program called “Greater Returns：Restarting Your Career” was held at Columbia University. The goal of the three days was to have them walk away with a big shot of confidence.
　According to one school of thought, women looking to make a comeback might even have an advantage in the current economy，especially if they are looking for part-time or consultant positions that do not offer benefits. And a majority of on-rampers are women with extensive working experiences that could give them a slight advantage over less-experienced competition．
　“You absolutely cannot be defensive about why you off-ramped,” Ms Hoffman says, “ defensive” would have put her into a hard situation if the Greater Returns program had had not taught her how to describe the years she spent at home．“I now feel confident talking to an employer and saying，‘ Yes，I have been out of the work force，but here is where I can make significant contributions.’”

1. 1.
   What is the best title for the passage?
   1. A.
      Off ramp：it is common　　　　　　　　
   2. B.
      On ramp：it is easy
   3. C.
      Off ramp or on ramp：it depends on confidence
   4. D.
      Off ramp to on ramp：it can be a hard Journey
2. 2.
   According to the passage，Greater Returns___________．
   1. A.
      is intended to relieve the pressure of the jobless women
   2. B.
      has all the jobless women restart their career
   3. C.
      will build up the confidence of those in search of jobs
   4. D.
      is to last a11 the year around for the jobless women
3. 3.
   The main reason for the women’s off-ramping is that_________．
   1. A.
      they have to suffer the sexual discrimination
   2. B.
      they have to parent their children
   3. C.
      they reach a crossroad of career
   4. D.
      they have great work pressure
4. 4.
   From what Ms．Hoffman says in the last paragraph，we can conclude________
   1. A.
      she didn’t get advice from the Greater Returns program
   2. B.
      she was defensive about her off-ramping
   3. C.
      she didn’t get the job because she lied about her experience
   4. D.
      she is off ramp partly due to her straightforward manner
5. 5.
   Which job is easier to get for a woman off-ramper?
   1. A.
      Regular workers
   2. B.
      Casual workers
   3. C.
      Company managers
   4. D.
      Bank clerks

Answer 1

DCBDB
试题分析：本题主要讲述的是那些因为要照顾孩子而放弃工作的女性要想重新工作所面临的困难。并介绍了一个能够帮助她们找回自信的program“the Greater Returns”。
1.D 主旨大意题。本题主要讲述的是那些因为要照顾孩子而放弃工作的女性要想重新工作所面临的困难，第二段最后两行making the transition back to work is rarely easy，and it is even harder in this economic climate of layoffs and hiring freezes.说明这样的做法现在是更加困难，故D项符合。
2.C 细节题。根据第3段最后一句The goal of the three days was to have them walk away with a big shot of confidence.说明这个计划可以让参加的人非常有信心，故C项正确。
3.B 细节题。根据第一段最后一句Typically it occurs when the balancing act of parenting and work becomes too tough．说明这些女性放弃工作的原因是他们要照顾孩子，故B项正确。
4.D 推理题。根据最后一段前3行“You absolutely cannot be defensive about why you off-ramped,” Ms Hoffman says, “ defensive” would have put her into a hard situation if the Greater Returns program had had not taught her how to describe the years she spent at home．说明她以前非常defensive,他的做事方式很直接。通过the Greater Returns她才取得突破。故D项正确。
5.B 推理题。根据文章倒数第二段最后2行And a majority of on-rampers are women with extensive working experiences that could give them a slight advantage over less-experienced competition．说明适合他们的是那些竞争不是很激烈的工作,故B项正确。
考点：考查社会现象类短文
点评：本文针对的是那些因为要照顾孩子放弃工作，后来又希望重新回到工作岗位的女性。本文对考生的推理能力要求较高，测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。