Question

【题目】 Laboratory studies have shown that prolonged exposure to high intensity blue light damages retinal (视网膜的) cells in mice.【1】So, why is there the disconnect between blue light's effects on rodent(啮齿类动物) eyes and human eyes?

【2】We have protective elements, such as macular pigments (黄斑色素) and the natural blue-blocking ability of the crystalline lens (晶状体). These structures absorb blue light before it reaches the delicate retina.

Just because blue light isn't harming your retina, it doesn't mean your electronic devices are harmless.【3】Mounting evidence suggests that screen time before bed increases the time it takes to fall sleep. It also robs you of restorative rapid-eye movement seep, dulls focus, and reduces brain activity the next day.

【4】

First, turn off your electronic devices before bed. Outside of the bedroom, when you do look at your screens, lower the brightness.

Second, follow the“20-20-20”rule The American Optometric Association(美国验光学会) defines this rule as taking a 20-second break every 20 minutes to look at something 20 feet in the distance. 【5】

Third, use lubricating eye drops before extended computer use. This method will build up the body's natural tears and keep the eye's surface water-bearing.

A.This will allow your eyes to relax.

B.Human eyes are different from rodent eyes.

C.That's why it's so important to have your eyes tested regularly.

D.Because of is wavelength, blue light dos disrupt healthy sleep physiology (生理机能).

E.But epidemiological (流行病学的) studies on real people tell a different story.

F.Consumers often don't think about the impact digital devices might have on their vision.

G.There are ways to make your screen viewing more comfortable and more helpful to seep.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】E

【2】B

【3】D

【4】G

【5】A

【解析】

这是一篇说明文。作者给了几个关于如何防止屏幕损害视力的建议。

【1】根据前文“Laboratory studies have shown that prolonged exposure to high intensity blue light damages retinal (视网膜的) cells in mice.”可知实验室研究表明，长期暴露在高强度蓝光下会损害小鼠的视网膜细胞。后文“why is there the disconnect between blue light's effects on rodent eyes and human eyes?”可知蓝光对啮齿类动物眼睛的影响和对人类的眼睛影响不一样。前后内容上形成了对比，连接上下文，E项（但针对普通人的流行病学研究却讲述了一个不同的故事。）切题。故选E项。

【2】根据后文“We have protective elements, such as macular pigments (黄斑色素) and the natural blue-blocking ability of the crystalline lens (晶状体). ”可知我们的眼睛有保护性成分，例如黄斑色素和晶状体的天然蓝光阻挡能力。也就是说本段在讲我们的眼睛与啮齿类动物眼睛的不同之处。空格处在段首，要总结全段，B项（人眼和啮齿动物的眼睛不同。）切题。故选B项。

【3】根据前文“Just because blue light isn't harming your retina, it doesn't mean your electronic devices are harmless.”可知仅仅因为蓝光不会伤害你的视网膜，并不意味着你的电子设备就没有害处。根据后文“Mounting evidence suggests that screen time before bed increases the time it takes to fall sleep. It also robs you of restorative rapid-eye movement seep, dulls focus, and reduces brain activity the next day.”可知越来越多的证据表明，睡觉前使用屏幕会增加入睡时间。它还会让你无法完成恢复精力的快速动眼睡眠，让你在第二天无法集中注意力，大脑活跃度下降。通过前后文可知这一段是关于蓝光对眼睛的影响的，连接上下文，D项（蓝光的波长导致它确实会扰乱健康睡眠的生理规律。）切题。故选D项。

【4】根据下文“First, turn off your electronic devices before bed. Outside of the bedroom, when you do look at your screens, lower the brightness.”可知作者建议读者首先睡觉前关掉你的电子设备。在其他场合看屏幕时，要调低亮度。最后两段也都是作者给出的建议。根据位置和文章内容判断，这里的空格处要总结后面几段，G项（这里有一些方法能让你看屏幕更舒服，并降低其对睡眠的影响。）切题。故选G项。

【5】根据前文“Second, follow the“20-20-20”rule The American Optometric Association(美国验光学会) defines this rule as taking a 20-second break every 20 minutes to look at something 20 feet in the distance. ”可知第二个建议是遵循“三个 20”原则。美国验光协会将其定义为：每隔 20 分钟休息 20 秒，并注视 20 英尺外的物体。根据前后两段可以观察出这几段的格式都是先给一个建议，然后解释这个建议有什么好处。所以这里要选一个选项解释“三个 20”原则的好处。A项（这会让眼睛有眨眼和放松的机会。）切题。故选A项。

当文中出现明显的结构词、词组，或空格句在一些特殊位置，如段首、段尾等，要考虑文章、段落的行文结构，根据空格句在文中所起的作用，来考虑作答。

空格句在段首，可能有以下两种情况。

①段落主题句：阅读后文的内容，推断出段落主题，选出正确选项。

②过渡句：在后文找不到解题线索时，就要想到空格句子可能起到承上启下的作用，试着从上一段的结尾处寻找线索。正确选项通常与上一段结尾能够自然地衔接起来。

比如第2小题，空格句在段首。根据后文可知这段在讲人类眼睛的特别之处，B项（人眼和啮齿动物的眼睛不同。）正好能够总结这一段的内容。答案选B项。