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     A study published in September suggests there is a surprising way to get people to avoid unhealthy foods;
change their memories. Scientist Elizabeth Loftus of the University of California at Irvine asked volunteers to
answer some questions on their personalities (个性) and food experiences. "One week later," Loftus says, "we
told those people we'd fed their answers into our smart computer and it came up with an account of their early
childhood experiences." Some accounts included one key additional detail (细节):"You got sick after eating
strawberry ice-cream." The researchers then changed this detail into a manufactured (人为促生的) memory
through leading questions-Who were you with? How did you feel? By the end of the study up to 41% of those
given a false memory believed strawberry ice-cream once made them sick, and many said they'd avoid eating it. 
     When Loftus published her findings, she started getting calls from people begging her to make them
remember hating chocolate or French fries. Unfortunately, it's not that easy. False memories appear to work
only for foods you don't eat on a regular basis. But most important, it is likely that false memories can be
implanted (灌输) only in people who are unaware of the mental control. And lying to a patient is immoral, even
if a doctor believes it's for the patient's benefit.
     Loftus says there's nothing to stop parents from trying it with their overweight children. "I say, wake up-
parents have been lying about Father Christmas for years, and nobody seems to mind. If they can prevent
diseases caused by fatness and all the other problems that come with that, you might think that's a more moral
lie. Decide that for yourself."
1. Why did Loftus ask the volunteers to answer some questions?
A. To improve her computer program.
B. To find out their attitudes towards food.
C. To find out details she can make use of.
D. To predict what food they'll like in the future.
2. What did Loftus find out from her research?
A. People believe what the computer tells them.
B. People can be led to believe in something false.
C. People tend to forget their childhood experiences.
D. People are not always aware of their personalities.
3. According to the study, people may stop having a certain food if they ______.
A. learn it is harmful for health
B. lie to themselves that they don't want it
C. are willing to let doctors control their minds
D. think they once had a bad experience of eating it
4. What is the biggest concern with the method?
A. Whether it is moral.
B. Who it is best for.
C. When it is effective.
D. How it should be used.
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As a teenager in 1972, Bill Gates boasted that he would be a millionaire by the time he was 20. While he did not quite achieve that goal, only 15 years later, he was a millionaire. And by 1992, as head of the Microsoft company, he became the richest man in America with assets (资产) of approximately US $ 6. 3 billion.

    Born in Seattle, Washington on 28, October, 1956, Gates was named William Henry after his father and grandfather. From the beginning, he was an extremely energetic and intelligent child. He had read the entire world book encyclopedia (百科全书) by the age of nine. His favorite subjects at school were science and math and his favorite pastime was “thinking”.

    Gates first started to play with computers at the age of 13, when one was installed at his school. At that time, computers were large, awkward (笨重的) machines. Operators were required to learn complex (复杂的) computer languages before the machines could be used. Even then a great deal of time and effort was needed to perform the simplest functions. Before long Gates was an expert at working the school's computer. After his graduation from secondary school, Gates was accepted by the three top universities in the USA Princeton, Harvard and Yale. He chose Harvard and began classes there the next autumn, majoring math. But he was still obsessed (占据心思) with computers and spent as much time in the computer laboratories as he did in the lecture halls.

    By 1975, Gates and a partner, Paul Allen, had developed a software program called BASIC. This was not the first program ever created, but its inventors were the first to decide that people who wanted to use it should pay for it.

    BASIC was a success because until it came along, there had been no efficient way of getting computers to carry out instructions. Although he had not completed his degree, Gates left university and went to work full time for the new company he had formed called Microsoft.

    His next project was the software program that made him famous and very rich. It was called DOS, short for Disk Operating System, and it was purchased (购买) by 113M in 1980. Today it is the operating system used in more than 14 million personal computers around the world.

    As chief executive office of Microsoft, Gates is known as a bright man, but one who is not easily satisfied. He is quick to criticize (批评) his staff and hates to be questioned about decisions he has made. He was regarded as a loner and unfashionable boring computer nut until his marriage to Microsoft manager Melinda French on New Year's Day 1994. Yet to most people now, Gates is a person who is, in spite of his great wealth, humble (谦恭) and ordinary. He spends his money carefully. He eats in fast food restaurants and flies economy class. And when praised for Microsoft's great success, he has been heard to say. “All we do is put software in a box and if people see it in the stores and like it, they buy it. “

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    D. professor

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    A. a crazy person

    B. a person obsessed with making money

    C. someone who spends money freely

    D. a quite common, normal person

 

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B.阅读理解:(30分)                        
A
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Einstein, a great scientist of the age, was almost as strange as his Theory of Relativity.
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三.  阅读理解(30分)

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C. was either mad or strange        D.liked to make trouble

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B.had written to have grasped his theory correctly 

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D.admired him very much

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B.  Einstein had nothing but enough fame and riches and luxury.

C.  Einstein was eager for the things most people set their hearts to.

D.  In the eyes of Einstein, most people had a strong wish to publish book on the theory.

4.  The underline part “set their hearts on” means _____.

A.  believe           B. have           C. love           D. hate

 

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