When NASA astronaut Scott Kelly completes his yearlong mission on the International Space Station next year, he’ll come back just a little bit younger than his twin, Mark, than he was before. This is because time travels more slowly in space, a phenomenon first described by Albert Einstein’s 1915 theory of general relativity.
This December, universities and academies around the world are celebrating the 100th anniversary of the theory’s publication.
Even 60 years after his death, Einstein is still the most important scientist of the modern era. Looking back as far as 2,400 years ago, only Newton, Galileo and Aristotle were his equals.
Born in the era of horse-drawn carriages, his ideas started a technological revolution that brought about more change in one century than in the 2,000 years before.
In 1905, Einstein published four important scientific papers. These completely changed people’s ideas about space, time, light and matter. In one of these papers Einstein. introduced his theory of special relativity. Two groundbreaking parts of the theory were about the relationship between mass and energy and the speed of light. Einstein was able to show that mass and energy were connected through the formula E＝MC2. The theory also says that no object can travel faster than the speed of light.
About 10 years later came his theory of general relativity, the theory that modern physics is really based on. In Einstein’s mathematics, space has three dimensions, and the fourth dimension is time. Space and time are part of one continuum, called space-time. The presence of mass changes space-time, which explains where gravity comes from.
Computers, satellites, telecommunication, lasers, television and nuclear power, many of the biggest developments in the modern world, can be linked to Einstein’s work.
“We are a different people than we were a century ago,” said astrophysicist Michael Shara of the American Museum of Natural. History, “completely different, because of Einstein.”
However, there’s more to him beyond the image of a science mastermind. Einstein, as a person, has also become a grandfatherly icon in our culture.
He liked playing Mozart on his Violin and keeping fit by hiking and walking. Power was not his goal. In 1952, the young nation of Israel asked Einstein to be its president, but he refused.
And, yes, he was eccentric. With hair like that, how could he not be?
1.The first paragraph was written to .
A. get readers to wonder about the effects of space travel on astronauts’ health
B. interest readers in the relationship between time and space
C. describe what gave Einstein the inspiration for his theories
D. lead in to the topic of the theory of general relativity
2.From the article, it can be concluded that .
A. the theory of general relativity is mainly about space and time
B. the theory of general relativity proves that the speed of light is the fastest of all speeds
C. the theory of general relativity is about math and has nothing to do with physics
D. the most important parts of the theory of special relativity are about space and energy
3.By using Michael Shara’s words, the author intends to .
A. give high praise to Einstein’s important publications
B. stress the great contribution that Einstein made to the modern world
C. suggest that more research needs to be done into Einstein and his work
D. say that there was more to Einstein than just being a science genius
名校课堂系列答案科目：高中英语 来源：2015-2016学年广东佛山第一中学高一10月月考英语试卷（解析版） 题型：阅读理解
Football T-shirts are more commonly connected with boys than girls. This can often cause a problem when you want to find a cool shirt for a girl. That is not to say that there are no cool shirts out there for girls to wear. The problem is that they are often harder to find than the ones for boys.
You can get custom (订制的) shirt printed for girls from a number of custom print stores. Of course you have to make sure that they are legally allowed to use the logos (商标) and colours of the team you want to support.
You can also go through official channels to get the shirt you want. The official channels will generally be the large sportswear stores or the official stores of the teams. These stores will be able to use the colours of the teams and even put the name of the person who the shirt is for on it.
If you do not feel like you have to try the T-shirts on, then an online store may be your best choice. The reason for this is that you can visit various stores and find the best ones.
If you want to see what the T-shirt looks like in real life, then going to a store is the best choice. Large sportswear stores often have football shirts. These are the best places to go if you do not live close to an official store. And these stores usually have lower prices than the official stores.
1.According to the text, football T-shirts ________.
A. are all made by boys
B. are seldom loved by girls
C. are only designed for boys
D. are difficult to find for girls
2.According to the text, custom print stores ________.
A. could use any colours and logos as they like
B. should be operated by the football teams
C. could print anything that official stores sell
D. should legally use your favourite logos
3.If you don’t need to try the T-shirts on, you can visit ________.
A. official stores
B. online stores
C. large sportswear stores
D. custom print stores
4. What kind of readers is this passage for?
A. Football players.
B. Clothes store owners.
C. Female football fans.
D. Physical education teacher
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科目：高中英语 来源：2015-2016学年安徽安庆一中高二上学期期末英语试卷（解析版） 题型：阅读理解
LEEDS, England--- A Leeds University psychology professor is teaching a course to help dozens of Bristons forgive their enemies.
“The hatred we hold within us is a cancer,” Professor Ken Hart said, adding that holding in anger can lead to problems such as high blood pressure and heart disease.
More than seventy people have become members in Hart’s first 20-week workshop in London--- a course he says is the first of its kind in the world.
These are people who are sick and tired of living with a memory. They realize their bitterness is a poison they think they can pour out, but they end up drinking it themselves, said Canadian- born Hart.
The students meet in groups of eight to ten for a two-hour workshop with an adviser every fortnight.
The course, ending in July, is expected to get rid of the cancer of hate in these people. “People have lots of the attitudes towards forgiveness,” he said. “People confuse forgiveness with forgetting. Forgiveness means changing from a negative attitude to a positive one.”
Hart and his team have created instructions to provide the training needed.
“The main idea is to give you guidelines on how to look at various kinds of angers and how they affect you, and how to change your attitudes towards the person you’re angry with,” said Norman Claringbull, a senior expert on the forgiveness project. Hart said he believes forgiveness is a skill that can be taught, as these people “want to get free of the past.”
1.According to the passage if you’re angry with somebody, you should ________.
A. try your best to defeat him or her
B. break off relations with him or her
C. persuade him or her to have a talk with you
D. relax yourself by not thinking of him or her any more
2.Afrer reading the passage we are more aware that ________.
A. high blood pressure and heart disease are caused by hatred
B. high blood pressure can only be cured by psychology professors
C. without hatred people will have less trouble connected with blood and heart
D. people who suffer from blood pressure and heart disease must have many enemies
3.If you’re a member of Hart’s workshop, you’ll _______.
A. pay a large amount of money
B. go to the course every night in twenty weeks
C. attend a gathering twice a month
D. pour out everything stored in your mind in the workshop
4.The author wrote this passage in order to _______.
A. persuade people to go to Hart’s course
B. tell us the news about Hart’s workshop
C. tell us how to run a workshop like Hart’s
D. help us to look at various kinds of anger
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科目：高中英语 来源：2015-2016学年山西大同第一中学高二上学期期末英语试卷（解析版） 题型：七选五
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Ali is from a Middle Eastern country. He now stays in the USA. He smokes a lot of cigarettes every day. He has smoked for nine years. Ali says, “ I tried to quit smoking in my hometown, but it was impossible. My parents smoke. My brothers smoke. All my friends smoke. At parties and at meetings, almost all the men smoke. Here in the United States, not as many people smoke. ___1.___ ”
Many smokers are like Ali: they want to stop smoking. ___2.___ They know it can cause cancer and heart disease. But it is difficult for them to give up smoking because cigarettes have a drug in them. The drug is nicotine. People who smoke a lot need nicotine.
___3.____ The nicotine makes him sick. In a few days, the smoker’s body is used to the nicotine, and he feels fine. Later, the smoker needs nicotine to keep feeling fine. Without nicotine, he feels bad.
__4.___ Many people who quit will soon smoke again. At a party or at work they will decide to smoke “just one” cigarette. Then they will smoke another cigarette, and another. Soon they become smokers again. ____5.___
A. It is very hard to quit smoking.
B. It will be easier to change the smoking habit here.
C. Thus nicotine makes smokers addicted to cigarettes.
D. The smokers know that smoking is bad for their health.
E. When a person first begins to smoke, he usually feels terrible.
F. Maybe there is only one easy way to quit smoking: never start.
G. But it is said that medicine is needed to stop them from smoking.
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科目：高中英语 来源：2015-2016学年福建师大附中高二上学期期末英语试卷（解析版） 题型：阅读理解
The United States government wants to know what the public thinks about its finding on the safety of cloned animals.
The Food and Drug Administration says meat and milk from clones of adult animals are safe to eat. They called them “as safe to eat as the food we eat every day.” And when those clones reproduce sexually(有性繁殖), the agency says, their offspring(后代)are safe to eat as well.
The United States this year could become the first country to allow the sale of foods from cloned animals. First，however，the public will have ninety days to comment on three proposed documents. On December 28th the F.D.A. released a long report, called a draft risk assessment, along with two policy documents. The agency says it must receive comments by April 2nd. The F.D.A. seemed ready to act several years ago，but an advisory committee called for more research.
For now，the government will continue to ask producers to honor a request that they do not sell foods from cloned animals.
Clones are still rare. They cost a lot and are difficult to produce. The F.D.A. says most food from cloning is expected to come not from clones themselves, but from their sexually reproduced offspring. It says clones are expected to be used mostly as breeding animals to spread good qualities.
Public opinion studies show most Americans do not like the idea of food from cloned animals. But this research also shows the public know little about cloning. Cloning differs from genetic engineering. A cell taken from a socalled donor animal is grown into an embryo(胚胎)in the laboratory. Next, the embryo is placed into the uterus(子宫)of a female animal. If the process is successful, the pregnancy reaches its full term and a genetic copy of the donor animal is born.
1. From the passage, we know ________.
A. the US government is very cautious about the safety of cloned foods
B. foods from cloned animals are popular in America
C. cloned animals will be easy to produce
D. most foods from cloning are expected to come from clones themselves
2.Who believes that foods from cloning are safe to eat?
A. Most Americans. B. An advisory committee.
C. Critics. D. The F.D.A. .
3. It can be inferred from the last paragraph that _______.
A. cloning has much in common with genetic engineering
B. not every cell taken from a donor animal can grow into a genetic copy
C. the donor animal should be a female one
D. cloned animals grow faster than normal ones
4. Whether the sale of cloned foods is allowed in the US depends on ________.
A. cloning technology
B. the advisory committee’s research
C. public comments
D. the documents of the F.D.A.
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科目：高中英语 来源：2015-2016学年宁夏回族自治区银川一中高一上期末英语卷（解析版） 题型：完形填空
完型填空
Each of us has goals for life. Some of these may be long-term (长期的) or lifetime ones, and other dreams or wishes for more immediate satisfaction.
Just as you great pleasure when you’re trying to short-term goals, there’s also power in having long-term and lifetime goals. Both are valuable and serve each other. In order to be in achieving a short- or long-term wish or goal, you must place your focus on the result and train your mind on either a moment-to-moment, day-to-day, month-to-
month, or year-to-year level.
For example, a farmer is to plow (耕地) a straight line, he must keep his eye on a faraway point. If his attention is just a few feet in front of him, he will not plow straight. So, in order for his field to be plowed straight, he must and focus on his long-term goal.
Focusing on a long-term goal can the energy to get things done in the . For instance, when a runner sets a(n) to run a mile, he’ll be tired when he the one-mile mark. if this same runner sets a goal to run ten miles, he probably won’t even be sweating (出汗) upon this same one-mile mark. If this very same runner was to set a goal to run 26 miles and keep his mind on the completion of this long , not only wouldn’t he be sweating, but most likely he wouldn’t even be out of breath as he ran by the mark.
Long-term goals, , can’t be achieved without first achieving goals. We may have a goal to climb a ladder (梯子), but we have to take one step at a time in order to reach the top.
1.A. even B. just C. also D. rather
2.A. understand B. experience C. explain D. welcome
3.A. set B. keep C. prevent D. achieve
4.A. terms B. dreams C. types D. thoughts
5.A. successful B. special C. interested D. different
6.A. important B. certain C. final D. happy
7.A. if B. when C. although D. because
8.A. received B. attracted C. directed D. paid
9.A. correct B. forget C. believe D. know
10.A. choose B. influence C. report D. provide
11.A. dark B. present C. end D. future
12.A. date B. story C. goal D. example
13.A. probably B. personally C. partly D. quietly
14.A. remembers B. reaches C. discovers D. records
15.A. And B. But C. So D. Or
16.A. waiting for B. searching for C. preparing D. passing
17.A. race B. game C. drive D. flight
18.A. twenty-six-mile B. thirteen-mile C. ten-mile D. one-mile
19.A. however B. besides C. instead D. therefore
20.A. lifetime B. short-term C. common D. big
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科目：高中英语 来源：2016届宁夏银川第二中学高三上学期统练一英语试卷（解析版） 题型：阅读理解
Tayka Hotel De Sal
Where: Tahua, Bolivia
How much: About $95 a night
Why it’s cool: You’ve stayed at hotels made of brick or wood, but salt? That’s something few can claim. Tayka Hotel de Sal is made totally of salt—including the beds (though you’ll sleep on regular mattresses (床垫) and blankets).The hotel sits on the Salar de Uyuni, a prehistoric dried-up lake that’s the world’s biggest salt flat. Builders use the salt from the 4,633-square-mile flat to make the bricks, and glue them together with a paste of wet salt that hardens when it dries. When rain starts to dissolve the hotel, the owners just mix up more salt paste to strengthen the bricks.
Green Magic Nature Resort
Where: Vythiri, India
How much: About $240 a night
Why it’s cool: Ridding a pulley(滑轮)-operated lift 86 feet to your treetop room is just the start of your adventure. As you look out of your open window—there is no glass!—you watch monkeys and birds in the rain forest canopy. Later you might test your fear of heights by crossing the handmade rope bridge to the main part of the hotel, or just sit on your bamboo bed and read. You don’t even have to come down for breakfast—the hotel will send it up on the pulley-drawn “elevator”.
Dog Bark Park Inn B&B
Where: Cottonwood, Idaho
How much: $92 a night
Why it’s cool: This doghouse isn’t just for the family pet. Sweet Willy is a 30-foot-tall dog with guest rooms in his belly. Climb the wooden stairs beside his hind leg to enter the door in his side. You can relax in the main bedroom, go up a few steps of the loft in Willy’s head, or hang out inside his nose. Although you have a full private bathroom in your quarters, there is also a toilet in the 12-foot-tall fire hydrant outside.
Gamirasu Cave Hotel
Where: Ayvali, Turkey
How much: Between $130 and $475 a night.
Why it’s cool: This is caveman cool! Experience what it was like 5,000 years ago, when people lived in these mountain caves formed by volcanic ash. But your stay will be much more modern. Bathrooms and electricity provide what you expect from a modern hotel, and the white volcanic ash, called tufa, keeps the rooms cool, about 65℉in summer.(Don’t worry—there is heat in winter.)
1.What is the similarity of the four hotels?
A. Being expensive. B. Being beautiful.
C. Being natural. D. Being unique.
2.What does the underlined part “Sweet Willy” refer to?
A. The building of Dog Bark Park Inn B&B.
B. The name of a pet dog of the hotel owner.
C. The name of the hotel.
D. The name of the hotel owner.
3.Which of the hotel makes you have a feeling of living in the far past?
A. Tayka Hotel De Sal
B. Green Magic Nature Resort
C. Dog Bark Park Inn B&B
D. Gamirasu Cave Hotel
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科目：高中英语 来源：2015-2016学年河北正定中学高一上学期期末英语试卷（解析版） 题型：短文改错
短文改错
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。
文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（^），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一个横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
People often come up across the word “SOHO” in the newspaper or magazine. But not everyone knows how it means. As the matter of fact, “SOHO” means “Small Office/ Home Office”. Now many people use computer, so it is possible for you to work at their homes. They needn’t go to offices. They can usually work fast and better at home. By work at home, they save a lot of time and energy. They needn’t spend time on the road but they won’t feel tired or angry because the bad traffic. Maybe in the future, more and more people would be “SOHO” workers.
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科目：高中英语 来源：2016届江苏省高三上学期期中模拟考试英语试卷（解析版） 题型：单项填空
- You seem busy these days．
- Yes．I’m writing a story．You know, it’s really not easy to write ______ with attractive plots．（ ）
A．thisB．oneC．itD．that
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