Question

【题目】In a society such as the United states or Canada, which has many national, religious, and cultural differences, people highly value individualism—the differences among people. Teachers place a lot of importance on the qualities that make each student special. The educational systems in these countries show these values. Students do not memorize information. Instead, they work individually and find answers themselves. There is often discussion in the classroom. At an early age, students learn to form their own ideas and opinions.

In most Asian societies, by contrast, the people have the same language, history, and culture. Perhaps for this reason, the educational system in much of the Orient reflects society’s belief in group goals and purposed rather than individualism. Children in China, Japan, and Korea often work together and help one another on assignments. In the classroom, the teaching methods are often very formal. The teacher lectures, and the students listen. There is not much discussion. Instead, the students recite rules or information that they have memorized.

There are advantages and disadvantages to both of these systems of education. For example, one advantage to the system in Japan is that students there learn much more math and science than American students learn by the end of high school. They also study more hours each day and more days each year than North Americans do. The system is difficult, but it prepares students for a society that values discipline and self-control. There is, however, a disadvantage. Memorization is an important learning method in Japanese schools, yet many students say that after an exam, they forget much of the information that they have memorized.

The advantage of the educational system in North American, on the other hand, is that students learn to think for themselves. The system prepares them for a society that values creative ideas. There is , however, a disadvantage. When students graduate from high school, they haven’t memorized as many basic rules and facts as students in other countries have..

	Students in the US and 【1】	Students in China, Japan and Korean
What do they value?	【2】	【3】 goals and purposes
Ways of study	working individually	listen to the teachers
	forming their own ideas and opinions	memorizing and 【4】
	a lot of discussion in the classroom	not much discussion
【5】	Learning to think for themselves	learning much more math and 【6】 by the end of high 【7】
		studying more hours each day and more days each year
	good for a society that values 【8】 ideas.	good for a society valuing 【9】 and self-control
disadvantages	students haven’t memorized many basic rules and facts when before 【10】	Information is forgotten easily

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】Canada

【2】individualism

【3】group

【4】reciting

【5】advantages

【6】science

【7】school

【8】creative

【9】discipline

【10】graduation

【解析】本文讨论的是东西方教育系统的不同之处。在西方人们强调高度尊重个人和人与人之间的差异。教师极其重视每个学生的不同特性，而在东方，由于相同的语言、历史和文化，其教育系统强调集体主义和团结协合精神，上课时教师讲，学生听，讨论并不多。文章最后谈到了两种教育系统的优缺点。

考察学生的词汇，语法运用，以及对文章的整体理解能力。

【1】文章对比的是中西方教育系统的差异。根据第一句In a society such as the United states or Canada，对比第二段的In most Asian societies, by contrast …Children in China, Japan, and Korea often work together and help one another on assignments.可知这里用Canada。

【2】根据第一段people highly value individualism—the differences among people可知美国和加拿大的学生看中的是个人主义。故这里用individualism。

【3】根据第二段对大部分亚洲国家的描述Orient reflects society’s belief in group goals and purposed rather than individualism.东方人反映了社会对于集体目标而非个人主义的信仰。故这里用group。

【4】 对比美国和加拿大等西方国家学生的学习方法forming their own ideas and opinions；根据文章第二段最后一句Instead, the students recite rules or information that they have memorized.与此相反，学生们背诵他们记住的规则或信息，可知这里用reciting对应memorizing。故答案为reciting。

【5】根据表格后面中列举出的内容学会独立思考，对于重视个人主义的社会有好处；高中毕业时学会更多的数学和科学知识……这些是两种教育体系的优点，对应下面的用词disadvantages，故这里用advantages。

【6】根据第三段的句子For example, one advantage to the system in Japan is that students there learn much more math and science than American students learn by the end of high school.例如，日本学习体系的一个优点是学生到高中毕业时，比美国的学生学会更多的数学课科学知识。故这里对应句子中的learn much more math and science，可知第6空用science。

【7】对应第三段的句子For example, one advantage to the system in Japan is that students there learn much more math and science than American students learn by the end of high school.对应句子中的by the end of high school.可知这里用school。

【8】此处陈述的是西方教育体系的优点，对应文中的句子The system prepares them for a society that values creative ideas.这种教育体系让他们为重视创造性想法的社会做准备。故这里用creative。

【9】对应文章介绍东方教育体系的优点The system is difficult, but it prepares students for a society that values discipline and self-control.可知这里答案为discipline。

【10】此处说的是西方教育体系的缺点，对应文中的句子When students graduate from high school, they haven’t memorized as many basic rules and facts as students in other countries have.当学生高中毕业之后，他们不能像其他国家的学生那样记住足够多的事实和规则。故关键词graduate from high school，故这里用graduation。