Christian Eijkman, a Dutch doctor, left the Netherlands for the island of Java. Many people on the island had a disease called beri-beri. He was going there to try and find a cure.
At first, Eijkman thought some kind of germ (细菌) caused beri-beri. He raised some chickens. He didn’t eat them, but made experiments on them. The local people were quite surprised at that. One day he noticed that his chickens became sick when they were fed the food most Javanese ate — refined white rice (精炼米). When he fed them with unrefined rice, also known as brown rice, they recovered. Eijkman realized that he had made an important discovery — that some things in food could prevent disease. These things were named vitamins. The Javanese were not getting enough vitamins because they had actually removed the part that contains vitamins. Later, other diseases were also found to be caused by the lack of vitamins in a person’s food.
Today many people know the importance of vitamins and they make sure they have enough vitamins from the food they eat. If they don’t, they can also take vitamin pills.
1. Christian Eijkman went to the island of Java to ______.
A. help the Javanese with their illness
B. find ways to grow better crops
C. do some research about the island
D. spend his holiday
2. Why did Christian Eijkman raise some chickens?
A. To eat them.
B. To make money by selling them.
C. To give the Javanese a surprise.
D. To carry out his experiments.
3. If a person doesn’t get enough vitamins in his diet, he’d better ______.
A. eat more rice B. eat vitamin pills
C. eat some chicken D. eat more meat
4. We can learn from the passage that ______.
A. Christian Eijkman’s experiment was successful
B. the Javanese didn’t like vitamins
C. beri-beri was caused by chickens
D. the Javanese’s disease was caused by a kind of germ
1.A
2.D
3.B
4.A
【解析】
试题分析：本文主要讲述的是Christian Eijkman医生在一个小岛上发现了很多人都有脚气病，所以想办法为他们治疗。经过实验发现，其实造成这种病的主要原因是缺乏维生素。
1.1】A细节题：第一段提到了医生left the Netherlands for the island of Java。意思是医生离开了新西兰去到了爪洼岛，所以答案选A。
2.2】D细节题：第二段第一句提到了He didn’t eat them, but made experiments on them.他是为了养这些鸡做实验的，所以选D。
3.3】B细节题：文章最后一句If they don’t, they can also take vitamin pills. 说道若是人们不能得到需要的维生素，那么他们就会吃一些维生素片来补充维生素、所以答案是B。
4.4】A理解辨析题：文章讲述了Christian Eijkman医生成功发现脚气病产生的原因并且想出了解决方案。所以选A。
考点：叙事性短文
科目：高中英语 来源：2015届山东省文登市高三上11月月考英语试卷（解析版） 题型：阅读理解
Old age may not sound exciting. But recent findings offer good news for older people and for people who worried about getting older.
Researchers found that people become happier and experience less worry after they reach the age of 50. In fact, they say by the age of 85, people are happier with their life than they were when they were 18 years old.
The findings came from a survey of more than 340,000 adults in the US. The Gallup Organization questioned them by telephone in 2008. At that time, the people were between the ages of 18 and 85.
The researchers asked questions about emotions like happiness, sadness and worry. They also asked about mental or emotional stress.
Arthur Stone in the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science at Stony Brook University in New York led the study. His team found that levels of stress were highest among adults between the ages of 22 and 25.
The findings showed that stress levels dropped sharply after people reached their fifties. Happiness was highest among the youngest adults and those in their early seventies. The people least likely to report feeling negative emotions were those in their seventies and eighties.
The study also showed that men and women have similar emotional patterns as they grow older. However, women at all ages reported more sadness, stress and worry than men.
The findings appeared in the Proceedings of the National Acadamy of Science.
Researchers say they do not know why happiness increases as people get older. One theory is that, as people grow older, they grow more thankful for what they have and have better control of their emotions. They also spend less time thinking about bad experiences.
Professor Stone says the emotional patterns could be linked to changes in how people see the world, or maybe even changes in brain chemistry.
The researchers also considered possible influences like having young children, being unemployed or being single. But they found that influences like these did not affect the levels of happiness and well-being related to age.
1.What does the underlined word “negative” mean?
A. 负面的 B. 积极的
C. 平和的 D. 激烈的
2.What kind of people has the highest stress levels?
A. People were between the ages of 18 and 85.
B. Those in their seventies and eighties.
C. People reached their fifties.
D. Adults between the ages of 22 and 25.
3.Which of the following is NOT true?
A. Men and women have similar emotional patterns as they grow older.
B. Researchers know exactly why happiness increases as people get older.
C. Women at all ages reported more sadness, stress and worry than men.
D. Levels of stress were highest among adults between the age of 22 and 25.
4.Which of the following is the best title for this passage?
A. The older, the happier.
B. Why elder people feel happier than young men?
C. Different emotional patterns between men and women.
D. What makes the elder happy?
查看答案和解析>>
科目：高中英语 来源：2015届山东桓台第二中学高三上第二次检测11月英语试卷（解析版） 题型：其他题
阅读表达（共5小题，每小题3分，满分15分）
阅读下面的短文，请根据短文后的要求答题（请注意问题后的字数要求）
If you are worried about things and are under a lot of stress at work or school, then you are probably not sleeping well. Worry can keep you awake, tossing and turning in bed until the early hours of the morning when you eventually fall asleep. When you wake up, you don’t feel refreshed, but tired and worn out and unable to face a new day.
Dr. Henry Winkle, in a recent newspaper article entitled Stress and Sleep, indicates（暗示、表明）that . Dr. Winkle says, “The more we worry, the less we sleep, the more we are unable to deal with stress. If we can find a way to get a good night’s sleep,” he adds, “we can often find the energy to deal with what’s worrying us.”
So, what is a good night’s sleep? Research shows that the amount of sleep which people need in order to keep healthy varies a lot. Seven hours is about the average amount, though strangely enough, sleeping longer often gives you a headache instead of making you feel more refreshed.
Dr. Winkle believes that preparing for sleeping is important. People who work late should try to give themselves a short break and do something restful before going to bed. This could be watching TV or listening to music. Doing some exercise earlier in the day should help you to feel physically as well as mentally tired. A bedtime drink can also help, but coffee or tea should be avoided as they contain caffeine and will keep you awake. “When you put the light out,” Dr. Winkle says, “concentrate on relaxing your muscles, working slowly up from your feet, and you’ll be asleep before you know it.”
1.What is the best title of the passage? (Please answer within 10 words)
__________________________________________________________________________
2.Which sentence in the passage can be replaced by the following one?
People shouldn’t go to sleep immediately but should take a break after working late in the night.
__________________________________________________________________________
3.Please fill in the blank in the second paragraph with proper words or phrases to complete the sentence. (Please answer within 10 words)
__________________________________________________________________________
4.Someone says that the longer you sleep, the better you feel. Try to find some arguments from the passage against the idea. (Please answer within 30 words)
__________________________________________________________________________
5.Translate the underlined sentence in the first paragraph into Chinese.
__________________________________________________________________________
查看答案和解析>>
科目：高中英语 来源：2015届山东桓台第二中学高三上第二次检测11月英语试卷（解析版） 题型：单项填空
You should try not to get ________ in the trouble between them.
A. lost B. involved
C. absorbed D. trapped
查看答案和解析>>
科目：高中英语 来源：2015届山东桓台第二中学高三上第二次检测11月英语试卷（解析版） 题型：单项填空
Some parents are just too protective. They want to ________ their kids from every kind of danger, real or imagined.
A. spot B. dismiss
C. shelter D.distinguish
查看答案和解析>>
科目：高中英语 来源：2015届安徽蚌埠五河高级中学高三上期中英语试卷（解析版） 题型：完形填空
It was Thanksgiving morning. In the crowded kitchen of my small home I was busy preparing the traditional Thanksgiving turkey____the doorbell rang. I opened the front door and saw two small children in ____ clothes and thin little sandals(凉鞋), staying together at the door on the top step.
“Any old____， lady？” asked one of them.
I was ____. I wanted to say “no” until my eye____their sandals, which were wet with heavy snow.
“____and I’ll make you a cup of hot cocoa.”
They walked ____and sat down at the table. Their wet sandals left marks upon the____. I served them cocoa and bread with jam to fight____the freezing cold outside.____I went back to the kitchen and started again on my household budget for Thanksgiving Day.
The silence in the front room struck me. I looked in. The girl held the empty cup in her hands, looking at it. The boy asked in a flat voice，“Lady, are you____？”
I looked at my old sofa covers. The girl put her cup back in its saucer(托盘)____and said, “Your cups match your saucers.” Her voice was____with a need that no amount of food could supply.They left after that，____their papers against the wind.They hadn’t said“Thank you.”They didn’t need to.They had____me that I had so much for which to be grateful.Plain blue china cups and saucers were____worth five pence. But they matched.
I tasted the potatoes and the meat soup. Potatoes and brown meat soup, a roof over our heads, my man with a good steady job—these____， too.
I moved the chairs back from the fire and____the living room. The muddy(沾上泥的)____of small sandals were still wet upon my floor. Let them be for a while, I thought, just in case I should begin to____how rich I am.
1.A. before B. while C. when D. as
2.A. worn B. strange C. ordinary D. smart
3.A. clothes B. papers C. cups D. shoes
4.A. sad B. nervous C. busy D. happy
5.A. fell upon B. came at C. went through D. got into
6.A. Stand back B. Turn around C. Get out D. Come in
7.A. over B. out C. off D. on
8.A. door B. floor C. ground D. wall
9.A. about B. against C. for D. in
10.A. Thus B. But C. Then D. So
11.A. rich B. kind C. helpful D. healthy
12.A. curiously B. hopefully C. carefully D. silently
13.A. hungry B. pleasant C. deep D. cold
14.A. turning B. delivering C. pushing D. holding
15.A. reminded B. promised C. persuaded D. told
16.A. really B. even C. well D. only
17.A. matched B. worked C. mixed D. agreed
18.A. decorated B. equipped C. emptied D. cleaned
19.A. lines B. prints C. signs D. steps
20.A. realize B. doubt C. forget D. prove
查看答案和解析>>
科目：高中英语 来源：2015届安徽蚌埠五河高级中学高三上期中英语试卷（解析版） 题型：单项填空
The grandma wants to train her grandson to be a musician because she finds he has a ______ for music.
A．gift B．present
C．power D．strength
查看答案和解析>>
科目：高中英语 来源：2015届安徽示范高中高三第一次联考英语试卷（解析版） 题型：单项填空
---Could I use your computer for a while?
--- _______. Go ahead.
A. No wonder B. By all means
C. With pleasure D. My pleasure
查看答案和解析>>
科目：高中英语 来源：2015届安徽江淮名校高三第二次英语试卷（解析版） 题型：阅读理解
Whenever people think of charity, the first word that jumps into their mind may be money donated to the needy. However, Wugging, or web-use giving, describes the act of giving to charity at no cost to the user. By using Everyclick. com, which is being added to a number of university computers across the UK, students can raise money every time they search, but it won’t cost them a penny.
Research shows that students are extremely enthusiastic about supporting charity--88% of full time students have used the Internet to give to charity. This figure is high considering this age group is often the least likely to have their own income. 19% of 22 to 24 year olds have short-term debts of more than & 5, 000. With rising personal debt levels in this age group, due to university tuition fees or personal loans and a lack of long-term savings, traditional methods of donating to charity are often not appealing or possible.
Beth Truman, a 21-year-old recent university graduate, has used Everyclick. com to donate to her chosen charity, the RSPCA, for two years and has seen the "Wugging" grow in popularity with students. "When you’re at university you become more socially aware, but it’s sometimes hard to give to others when you have little money yourself," says Beth. "Wugging is great for people in this age group as it allows them to use the technology on a daily basis to give to charity, without costing them a single penny."
Wugging is perfect for people who want to be more socially aware and supportive but don’t feel they have the means to do so. Students using the web can raise money for causes they care about without costing them anything in terms of time or money, and charities get a valuable source of funding.
Everyclick. com works like any other search engine, allowing users to search for information, news and images but users can decide which of the UK’s 170, 000 charities they would like to support through their clicks. Everyclick. com then makes monthly payments to every registered charity. Launched in June 2005, Everyclick. com is now the eighth largest search engine and one of the busiest charity websites in the UK.
1.According to the passage, "Wugging" is actually____.
A. a charity-related action
B. a website
C. a school organization
D. a student movement
2.In the case of charity, Everyclick. com____.
A. receives much money from students
B. frees students of the financial worries
C. offers valuable information to students
D. praises students for their money-raising
3.From the passage, we can conclude that____.
A. most full time students do charity on the Internet every day
B. Everyclick. com is the busiest charity website in the UK
C. Everyclick. com helps students pay for further education
D. "Wugging" is a win-win idea for both students and charities
4.What would be the best title for the passage?
A. "Wugging", a popular term on the Internet
B. Students collect money for charity by "Wugging"
C. More British charities benefit from the Internet
D. Charity enjoys increasing popularity with the British
查看答案和解析>>
湖北省互联网违法和不良信息举报平台 | 网上有害信息举报专区 | 电信诈骗举报专区 | 涉历史虚无主义有害信息举报专区 | 涉企侵权举报专区
违法和不良信息举报电话：027-86699610 举报邮箱：58377363@163.com