【题目】
In the last seven days I have seen the pressure that the NHS is under. I have seen the personal courage not just of the doctors and nurses but of everyone, the cleaners, the 【1】(cook), the health care workers of every description-physios, radiographers 【2】have kept coming to work, kept putting themselves in harm's way, kept 【3】(risk) this deadly virus. It is thanks to that courage, that devotion, that duty and that love that our NHS has been unbeatable.
The Arctic Ocean in summer will very likely be ice free before 2050, at least temporally. The research team 【4】 (analyze) recent results from 40 different climate models. Using these models, the researchers considered the future evolution of Arctic sea ice cover in a scenario with high future CO2 emissions and little climate protection. As 【5】(expect), Arctic sea ice disappeared quickly in summer in these simulations.
However, the new study finds that Arctic summer sea ice also disappears occasionally if CO2 emissions are 【6】(rapid) reduced.
In order to understand【7】 bird brains changed, a team of 37 scientists used CT scan data to create endocasts(内腔)of hundreds of birds and dinosaurs, which the【8】(combine)with a large existing database of brain measurements from modern birds.
They then analyzed brain-body allometry (体形变). “There is no clear line 【9】the brains of advanced dinosaurs and primitive birds,”【10】(note) co-author Dr. Amy Balanoff of Johns Hopkins University." Birds like pigeons have the same brains sizes you would expect for a dinosaur of the same body size, and in fact some species like moa(恐鸟) have smaller-than-expected brains.”
【答案】
【1】cooks
【2】who
【3】risking
【4】has organized
【5】expected
【6】rapidly
【7】how
【8】combination
【9】between
【10】notes
【解析】
此题是由三则故事组成的。第一则故事是英国首相鲍里斯治愈出院后的讲话。第二则是讲未来北冰洋的冰在夏天会消失。第三则讲的是探索鸟类的大脑是如何运作的。
【1】
考查名词单复数。句意:不仅是医生和护士,是每一个个人,包括清洁工和厨师,还包括理疗师、放射师、药剂师等在内的各种类型的医疗工作者。他们不停地工作,始终把自己置于危险的境地。根据句子the cleaners, the ___1___ (cook), the health care workers可知,这里是并列结构,并且前后都使用了名词的复数。所以这里cook也应该用复数形式。故填cooks。
【2】
考查定语从句。句意:不仅是医生和护士,是每一个个人,包括清洁工和厨师,还包括理疗师、放射师、药剂师等在内的各种类型的医疗工作者。他们不停地工作,始终把自己置于危险的境地。在这句话中先行词是workers工人。在定语从句里面,句子没有主语,所以先行词在句子中充当主语的成分,这里又是非限制性定语从句。故填who。
【3】
考查非谓语动词。句意:不仅是医生和护士,是每一个个人,包括清洁工和厨师,还包括理疗师、放射师、药剂师等在内的各种类型的医疗工作者。他们不停地工作,始终把自己置于危险的境地。根据前文kept coming to work, kept putting themselves in harm's way,可知,这里需要使用keep doing,来进行并列。故填risking。
【4】
考查时态。句意:这支研究团队通过对40个气候模型分析出了最近的研究成果。分析这个动作发生在过去,但是分析出来的结果对后面的研究起了影响。也就是说发生在过去对现在造成了影响,所以要用现在完成时。主语team又是单数。故填has organized。
【5】
考查省略句。句意:正如预期那样,在这种刺激下北冰洋的冰在夏季会快速消失。这里应该是北冰洋里的冰,正如预期那样。冰和预期为被动关系,所以完整的句子as it is expected,it指代北冰洋里的冰,和主句的主语相同且谓语动词为be动词,则状语从句中的主语和be动词就可以省略。故填expected。
【6】
考查副词。句意:如果二氧化碳的排放量可以迅速减少的话。这里表达的意思是排放迅速减少,迅速是来修饰减少的。而reduce又是动词词性,所以前面要用副词修饰。故填rapidly。
【7】
考查宾语从句。句意:为了理解鸟类的大脑是如何转变的。在这里从句跟在understand后作宾语就是宾语从句。change做不及动词,宾语从句为主谓结构。这里作方式,要表示“如何”这个含义。故填how。
【8】
考查名词。句意:这里有一个关于各种现代鸟类大脑测量的数据库。空格前是定冠词the,空格后又是with所带的后置定语,所以空格应该填名词形式。故答案填combination。
【9】
考查固定搭配。句意:在高级恐龙的大脑和原始鸟类的大脑之间,并无太大的区别。在这里要表达的意思是“在……之间”。这里只有恐龙和鸟类两者,则为固定搭配between…and。故填between。
【10】
考查时态。句意来自Hopkins University大学的Amy教授这样说道。在这个段落里面都使用的是一般现在时。而这句话中并无明显的时间状语标志,则应该与整段话一致。教授说这句话是主动关系,且主语是单数。故填notes。
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