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【题目】阅读下面材料, 在空白处填入适当的内容(一个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

All scientists subscribe to the view that the increase in the earth’s temperature is 【1】 to the burning of fossil fuels like coal, natural gas and oil to 2 (production) energy. Some byproducts of this process are called “greenhouse” gases, the most important one of 3 is carbon dioxide. Dr Janice Foster explains: “There is a natural phenomenon that scientists call the ‘greenhouse 4 ’ (effective). This is 5 small amounts of gases in the atmosphere, like carbon dioxide, methane and water vapour trap heat from the sun and 6 warm the earth. 7 the ‘greenhouse effect’, the earth would be about thirty-three degrees Celsius 8 (cool) than it is. So, we need those gases. The problem begins when we add huge quantities of extra carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. It means that more heat energy tends 9 (trap) in the atmosphere 【10 (cause) the global temperature to to up.”

【答案】

【1】due/owing

【2】produce

【3】which

【4】effect

【5】when

【6】therefore

【7】Without

【8】cooler

【9】to be trapped

【10】causing

【解析】

试题分析:本文讲的是地球的变暖会给人类带来什么影响。

【1】due/owing 固定搭配:due to/owing to由于……,故填due/owing。

【2】produce 句意:地球温度的增长将产生能量。 be+to do sth.表示将要做某事,故此处填动词,与前面的to构成动词不动式。

【3】which “greenhouse” gases先行词,指物,后面是非限制性定语从句,从句缺少引导词,介词后面指物用which,故填which。

【4】effect 句意:科学家称这种现象叫“温室效应”根据句意可知此处用名词,故填effect。

【5】when 句意:这种现象发生在大气层中,这时候少量的气体(二氧化碳、甲烷、水蒸气等)吸收太阳的热量,因而使地球变暖的时候。此处是一个表语从句,从句缺少引导词,根据句意可知用when。

【6】therefore 根据句意:因而使地球变暖的时候。故填therefore(因此)。

【7】Without 句意:如果没有这种温室效应,地球的温度将比现在还要低。故填介词Without。

【8】cooler 句意:如果没有这种温室效应,地球的温度将比现在还要低。此处用形容词的比较级,故填cooler。

【9】to be trapped 句意:这意味着更多的热量被困在大气层中,从而引起全球温度上升。tend to倾向,根据句意可知用动词不定式一般式的被动式,所以填to be trapped。

【10】causing 句意:这意味着更多的热量被困在大气层中,从而引起全球温度上升。根据句意可知是现在分词自然的结果状语,故填causing。

【名师点拨】

介词+关系代词引导定语从句

当关系代词在定语从句中作介词宾语时,我们通常用“介词+关系代词”引导定语从句。如果指“人”,用“介词+whom”;如果指“物”,用“介词+which”。例如:Do you know the lady with whom our manager is talking in the office?Where is the supermarket in which you bought the laptop last week?

使用“介词+关系代词”中,介词的依据:

(1) 根据定语从句中谓语动词的搭配习惯(即固定短语)。例如:

Yesterday we visited the West Lake for which Hangzhou is famous.

(2) 根据先行词的搭配习惯(约定俗成,不一定是短语)。例如:

The old woman with whom you talked just now is a famous artist.

(3) 根据句子的意思来选择。例如:

The naughty boy made a hole in the wall through which he could see what is happening outside.

(4) 表示“所有”关系或“整体中的一部分”时,通常用介词of。例如:

I have about 20 books, half of which were written by Bing Xin, the famous writer.

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