Question

    In October 1949 the United Nations brought a number of specialists on food on Geneva, to discuss the problems of eating habits and food supplies of people throughout the world. One problem that interested the specialists particularly was a form of illness, about which little was known among the children in Africa.

    Two doctors were chosen to make the study. They flew to Africa and during the next two months visited ten countries. They found that serious diseases of poor eating, often mistaken for other diseases, existed in all parts of Africa. The diseases were similar and could therefore all be named kwashiorkor(恶性营养不良).

    The diseased children are usually from one to four years old. As the illness progresses, the child’s stomach becomes swollen(肿胀的) by liquid collecting in the body. The skin changes colour and may break out in open sores(伤口). The hair changes colour and starts to fall out. The patient loses all interest in his surroundings and even in food, and becomes so weak that he wants to lie down all the time. Stomach liquids are no longer produced.

    The doctors reasoned that kwashiorkor was found in the young children of this age in many parts of Africa because of lack of milk or meat. Their mothers, after stopping their breast-feeding, gave them foods full of starches(淀粉) instead of greatly needed proteins(蛋白质). They found that the addition of milk to the food of children suffering from kwashiorkor saved many lives.

    It was necessary that the children of Africa be helped to eat better. The doctors suggested that the production of foods rich in protein be increased; they thought that more fish should be caught and more nuts should be grown. That urged education plans to teach mothers better ways of feeding children. They suggested that the United Nations should send large quantities of powdered milk to hospitals and child-health centres. Finally, they suggested closer study of all the special problems connected with kwashiorkor.

71. Kwashiorkor is a disease which is caused by _______ .

A. poor living conditions

B. another unknown disease

C. having no food

D. not having enough protein

72. One difficulty in discovering kwashiorkor is that _______ .

A. people know nothing about it

B. it is like other diseases

C. it is hard to see signs of it

D. it does not last long

73. A main sign of the disease is that children who have it _______ .

A. cannot sit still

B. cannot walk

C. have a large stomach　

D. are always hungry

74. A good way to cure the disease is by _______ .

A. eating better　　　　　　　B. eating more starches

C. eating fruits　　　　　　　D. drinking pure water

75. The United Nations can help to put an end to kwashiorkor by sending _______.

A. drugs

B. food with high protein content

C. medical teams

D. clean food

Answer 1

71.解析：选D。细节理解题。第四段前两句给出了该题答案，第一句直接说儿童发病率高是因为缺牛奶和肉类，第二句又提到了儿童生长发育所必需的蛋白质，根据常识可知，牛奶和肉类里含有丰富的蛋白质，故选D。

72.解析：选B。推理判断题。第二段第三句提到不良饮食导致的疾病经常被误认为是其他疾病，可见它与其他疾病是比较相似的，这也就是它不容易被发现的原因，故选B。

73.解析：选C。细节理解题。第三段第二句中的“the child’s stomach becomes swollen”是C项相同意义的转述。

74.解析：选A。细节理解题。第四段末句提到往儿童食物中添加牛奶救了很多人，第五段开头便明确表示让非洲儿童吃得好些是必要的，故选A。

75.解析：选B。推理判断题。文章第四段讲kwashiorkor是由缺乏蛋白质引起的，第五段第四句说专家建议联合国往非洲运送奶粉，根据常识判断，奶粉中富含蛋白质，故选B。