B
People tend to become more personal and hide less of themselves when using email. Researchers from Open University in Britain have found in a recent study that there are good reasons for this.
The team of researchers asked 83 pairs of students, all strangers to each other, to solve a problem. They had to discuss this question: If only five people in the world could be saved from a world disaster, who should they be? The pairs of students had to talk over the problem either face to face or by computers. Dr. Johnson said, “They told their partners four times as much about themselves when they talked over the Internet as when they talked face to face. When the computers were fitted with cameras so that students could see each other, this limited the personal side of the conversation.”
Generally the information was not extremely personal. It was mainly about things such as where they went to school, or where they used to live. But some students discussed their love stories, and personal childhood experiences.
Dr Johnson believes that emailing encourages people to focus on themselves. And when they do this, they become more open, especially if there are no cameras. “If you cannot see the other person, it becomes easier to talk about yourself. This is because you are not thinking what the other person is thinking of you. So emailing has become the modern way of talking,” said Dr. Johnson. However, this style of talking is not entirely new. “In the 19th century people started to use the ‘telegraph’ to communicate. Now the same kind of thing has happened and people ended up speaking more freely.”
Dr. Johnson thinks that emailers need to know about these effects of emailing, especially when they start work in a company. “ If you don’t know about it, you could find yourself saying more about yourself than you wanted to.”
60. The subject discussed in this passage is _______.
A. how people open up when emailing B. how people do research studies
C. how to communicate at work D. how to discuss and solve a problem
61. The reason that some couples talked freely about themselves is that _______.
A. they didn’t talk about very personal things B. they couldn’t see each other
C. the cameras on the computers were turned on D. they had to discuss a question
62. What does the underlined sentence refer to?
A. The telegraph. B. The computer. C. Emailing. D. Face-to-face talk.
63. In the writer’s opinion, one should ______.
A. focus on oneself when emailing B. talk more freely in emails than usual
C. discuss any subject that one wants to D. consider how one uses email at work
科目：高中英语 来源： 题型：阅读理解
CANBERRA (Reuters Life!) - Think twice before eating those dropped crumbs off your computer keyboard -- you might as well be eating off a toilet seat, according to a new study on the amount of germs on keyboards.
A study by British "Which? Computing" asked a microbiologist to examine for bugs on 33 keyboards in a typical London office, a toilet seat and a toilet door handle.
Four keyboards were judged potential health hazards and the microbiologist recommended the removal of one keyboard as it had 150 times the pass limit of bacteria -- five times filthier than the swabbed toilet seat.
"Most people don't give much thought to the grime that builds up on their PC, but if you don't clean your computer, you might as well eat your lunch off the toilet," said Sarah Kidner, the consumer magazine editor of "Which? Computing" in a statement.
The study found that eating lunch at desks is the main cause of a bug-infested keyboard. Dropped crumbs and food encourages the growth of millions of bacteria.
Poor personal hygiene, such as not washing hands after going to the toilet, may also add to the dirtiness of keyboards.
But despite the health hazard of a dirty keyboard, a survey of 4,000 people by the magazine found one in 10 people ever cleaned their keyboard while another two in 10 never cleaned their mouse.
Almost half -- or 46 per cent -- cleaned their keyboard less than once a month.
To clear out bugs, the magazine recommends users unplug keyboards, turn them upside down and shake them.
The purpose of the passage is .
A. tell us something about the keyboards.
B. warn people to clean the keyboards often.
C. tell us how to clean the keyboard
D. tell us the germs on keyboards
What do you think the expression “Think twice before eating those dropped crumbs off your computer keyboard” stands for?
A. Think several times before eating beside your computer
B. Don’t drop foods onto the computer keyboard.
C. Don’t eat foods dropped onto the computer keyboard.
D. Be careful when you are eating by the computer.
What are the main causes of a bug-infested keyboard?
A. Dropped crumbs and food encourages the growth of millions of bacteria.
B. Poor personal hygiene
C. Much dirt on the computer keyboard.
D. Dropped crumbs and food and Poor personal hygiene
"Which? Computing" is probably a name of .
A. An organization B. a newspaper
C. a report D. a magazine
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科目：高中英语 来源： 题型：阅读理解
The British National Health Service (NHS) was set up in 1948 and was designed to provide equal basic health care, free of charge, for everybody in the country. Before this time health care had to be paid for by individuals.
Nowadays central government is directly responsible for the NHS although it is administered by local health authorities. About 83 percent of the cost of the health service is paid for by general taxation and the rest is met from the National Insurance contributions paid by those in work. There are charges for prescription and dental care but many people, such as children, pregnant women, pensioners, and those on Income Support, are exempt from payment.
Most people are registered with a local doctor (a GP, or General Practitioner) who is increasingly likely to be part of a health centre which serves the community.
As the population of Britain gets older, the hospital service now treats more patients than before, although patients spend less time in hospital. NHS hospitals—many of which were built in the nineteenth century—provide nearly half a million beds and have over 480, 000 medical staff. The NHS is the biggest employer in Europe although Britain actually spends less per person on health care than most of her European neighbours.
During the 1980s there was considerable restructuring of the Health Service with an increased emphasis on managerial efficiency and the privatization of some services (for example, cleaning). At the end of the 1980s the government introduced proposals for further reform of the NHS, including allowing some hospitals to be self-governing, and encouraging GPs to compete for patients. Patients would be able to choose and change their family doctor more easily and GPs would have more financial responsibility. The political questions continue of how much money should be provided to support the NHS and where it should come from.
We can know from the first paragraph that ______.
A. the original aim of the NHS was to provide equal basic health care for everybody
B. people didn’t have to pay for health care since the NHS was set up
C. patients were charged for receiving health care before 1948
D. the NHS was an organization which gave free advice to villagers
. What do we know about the NHS?
A. It’s managed by the central government.
B. Its cost is mainly paid for by the National Insurance contributions.
C. It hires more people than any other unit in Europe.
D. Fewer patients go to its hospitals than before because they spend less on health care.
All the following statements about GPs are true except that they ______.
A. take care of the local people’s health
B. often take part in competitions to see who is the best
C. work under high pressure nowadays
D. have more responsibilities than before
What does the underlined word “exempt” probably mean?
A. suffering B. different C. prevented D. free
The biggest problem for the NHS is ______.
A. many hospitals are too old to be used
B. some services are in the charge of individuals
C. more and more patients go to GPs for treatment
D. there is not enough money for further reform
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科目：高中英语 来源： 题型：阅读理解
How do you address(称呼) people in English when you want to talk to them? The following may be some simple rules the beginners should follow.
1. When talking to strangers there is often no special form of address in English. Usually, if you want to catch the attention of a stranger it is necessary to use such phrases as “Excuse me”.
2. In British English “Sir” and “Madam” are considered to be too formal for most situations. They are used mostly to customers in shops or restaurants. While in American English “Sir” and “Madam” are not so formal and are commonly used between strangers, especially with old people whose names you don’t know.
3. When you talk to some people you know, you can use their names. If you are friends, use their first names; if your relationship is more formal, use “Mr., “Mrs.”, “Ms”, etc, before their family names.
4. There are many other forms of address which can be used between friends and strangers. However, many of these are limited in use. For example, “pal” and “mate” can be used between strangers, but are usually only used by men talking to other men.
According to the passage, “Excuse me” is mainly used to _____.
A. address a person you don’t know B. apologize to others
C. catch the attention of a stranger D. suggest good manners
If John Smith is your best friend, according to the passage you should often call him _____.
A. John B. Smith C. Mr. John D. Mr. Smith
Which of the following is NOT true?
A. “Sir” and “Madam” are used more often in America than in England.
B. People often use “Mr.”, “Mrs.” or “Ms.” before the first names of those people who they don’t know very well.
C. “Pal” and “mate” are usually only used among men.
D. While addressing friends, people just use their first names.
The passage is mostly likely taken from an English _____.
A. textbook B. card C. storybook D. grammar book
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科目：高中英语 来源： 题型：阅读理解
Manners nowadays in metropolitan cities like London are practically non-existence, it’s nothing for a big, strong schoolboy to elbow an elderly woman aside in the dash for the last remaining seat on the tube or bus, much less stand up and offer his seat to her.
This question of giving up seats in public transport is much argued by young men, who say that, since women have claimed equality, they no longer deserve to be treated with courtesy 礼貌、谦让) and that those who go out to work should take their turn in the rat race like anyone else. Women have never claimed to be physically as strong as men. Even if it is not agreed, however, that young men should stand up for younger women, the fact remains that courtesy should be shown to the old, the sick and the burdened. Are we really so lost to all ideals of unselfishness that we can sit there indifferently reading the paper or a book, saying to ourselves “First come, first severed”, while a grey-haired woman, a mother with a young child stands? Yet this is all too often seen.?
Older people, tired and quick-tempered from a day's work, are not angels, either-far from it. Many a brisk argument or an insulting quarrel breaks out as the weary queues push and shove each other to get on buses and tubes. One cannot commend this, of course, but on does feel there is just a little more excuse.?
If cities are to remain pleasant places to live in at all, however, it seems imperative（迫切的）, not only that communications in transport should be improved, but also that communication between human beings should be kept smooth and polite. All over cities, it seems that people are too tired and too rushed to be polite. Shop assistant's won't bother to assist, taxi drivers growl at each other as they dash dangerously round corners, bus conductors pull the bell before their desperate passengers have had time to get on or off the bus, and so on and so on. It seems to us that it is up to the young and strong to do their small part to stop such deterioration（恶化）.?
What is the writer's opinion concerning courteous manners towards women??
A. Since women have claimed equality, they no longer need to be treated differently from men.?
B. It is generally considered old-fashioned for young men to give up their seats to young women.?
C. "Lady First" should be universally practiced.?
D. Special consideration ought to be shown to them.?
According to the passage communication between human beings would not be smoother unless ________.
A．people were more considerate towards each other?
B. people were not so tired and quick-tempered?
C. women were treated with more courtesy?
D. public transport could be improved.?
The author probably does NOT agree that in big cities _______.
A. Life will be even worse if no change is made
B. transport conditions are rather poor
C. it’s not uncommon to see people quarrel in public places
D. it’s unreasonable to require the tired people to be polite
The main purpose of the author is to ________.
A. call on people in big cities to pay more attention to politeness
B. blame the schoolboys’ rude behavior towards elderly women on the tube or bus
C. criticize the fast pace of city life
D. tell young men to give their seats to elderly people
How could you describe the tone of this passage?
A. acceptable B. opponent
C. negative D. encouraging
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科目：高中英语 来源：2015届广东广州六中高一下期期末学业水平测试英语卷（解析版） 题型：阅读理解
Many children first learn the value of money by receiving an allowance. Parents often give their children an amount of money that they may spend as they wish. The purpose is to let the children learn from experience at an early age when financial mistakes are not very costly.
A child may receive an allowance each week or each month. The amount is not so important. But parents should make clear what the child is expected to pay for with the money.
At first, young children may spend all of their allowance soon after they receive it. If they do this, they will learn the hard way that spending must be done within a budget. Parents should not offer more money until the next allowance is to be given.
Older children may be responsible enough to budget larger costs like those for clothing. The object is to show young people that a budget demands choices between spending and saving.
Many people who have written on the subject say it is not a good idea to pay your child for work around the home. These jobs are a normal part of family life. Paying children to do extra work around the home, however, can be useful. It can even provide an understanding of how a business works.
Allowances give children a chance to experience three things they can do with money. They can share it in the form of gifts or giving it to organizations. They can spend it by buying things they want. Or they can save it.
Saving helps children understand that costly goals require sacrifice: you have to cut costs and plan for the future. Requiring children to save part of their allowance can also open the door to future saving and investing. Many banks offer free savings accounts for young people with small amounts of money.
1.The functions of allowances given to children are the following EXCEPT ______.
A. they can save more money for their future business
B. they can give them to charities
C. they may spend them on what they like
D. they can learn to deal with money
2.The underlined word "sacrifice" in the last paragraph means "_____".
A. 牺牲 B. 计划 C. 选择 D. 放弃
3.What's the main idea of the passage?
A. Children should save part of their allowance.
B. Don’t pay your child for work around the home.
C. Allowance helps teach children early about money.
D. Parents should allow children to spend money as they wish.
4.How many advantages of saving has the passage mentioned?
A. 2 B. 3 C. 4 D. 5
5.Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A. Children are advised to buy anything they wish to with the allowance.
B. Parents should offer children more money if they spend all of their allowance soon after they get it.
C. It can be useful to pay children to do extra work around the home.
D. It is unnecessary for the children to save part of the allowance.
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