Question

【题目】 Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

If you can’t seem to catch enough Z’s during the week, you’re not alone. But bad things happen to your body when you’re sleep-deprived, not least of which is weight gain. Well, here’s some good news: Sleeping in on the weekend to make up for sleep lost during the week is 【1】 with lower body mass index (BMI), according to a study published in the Oxford University Press journal Sleep.

The researchers, a collaboration of scientists based in Boston, Massachusetts, and the Republic of Korean, sought to determine if what they refer to as “catch-up sleep” 【2】 body mass index (BMI) in the general population. To do so, they conducted face-to-face interviews of a random sampling of 2,156 adults, comparing their sleep habits with their BMI scores. The 932 participants who slept in — “catch-up sleepers” (people who sleep longer on the weekend than on weekdays by approximately two hours) had a(n) 【3】 lower BMI than the other subjects. What’s more, every additional hour of catch-up sleep was linked with a decrease in BMI.

As to why sleeping in on weekends can lead to weight loss, one of the study co-authors, Robert Thomas, MD, MMSc, of the Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine at the Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center in Boston, 【4】 Reader’s Digest of the “substantial(大量的) experimental and epidemiological(流行病学的) data that short sleep contributes to weight gain.” He notes, “our best 【5】 as researchers are that there are balances to be kept, and the body can adjust and 【6】 within reason. Catch-up sleep allows the basic balance to be maintained.”

Although the study showed significant differences in BMI with the 【7】 of two or more hours of catch-up sleep, Dr. Thomas points out that there are “substantial individual differences,” such that the benefit we get from those extra hours will vary 【8】 on how much sleep each of us generally needs. “To determine your optional sleep, you can track the time spent sleeping on nights when there is no need to wake up to an alarm,” suggests Liza Baker, a health coach at Simply Health Coaching. That tells you about how many hours of sleep your body likes to get, since it 【9】 greatly across the population, from just 4 to 5 hours to 9 to 10 hours.

So can you actually lost weight by sleeping in on the weekend? Only if you’re paying off a sleep 【10】 from the week, according to the result of this study. It helps if you’re also eating less, Dr. Thomas adds.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】AD

【2】A

【3】AB

【4】B

【5】BD

【6】ABC

【7】CD

【8】BC

【9】D

【10】C

【解析】

这是一篇说明文。当你睡眠不足时，你的身体会发生不好的事情，尤其是体重增加。周末睡个懒觉来弥补工作日的睡眠不足会降低身体质量指数(BMI)。文章介绍了研究人员对“周末补觉”的研究结果。

【1】考查固定搭配。句意：周末睡个懒觉来弥补工作日的睡眠不足会降低身体质量指数(BMI)。be后接形容词，“周末补觉与降低BMI有关”，be associated with“与……有关”符合句意。故填AD。

【2】考查动词。句意：研究人员是来自美国马萨诸塞州波士顿和韩国的科学家合作的，他们试图确定所谓的“补眠”是否会影响一般人群的身体质量指数(BMI)。分析句子可知，宾语从句的主语为what they refer to as “catch-up sleep”，所以空处缺少谓语，根据“研究人员希望判断出所谓的“补觉”能否影响大部分人的BMI”，所以空处填动词impacts“影响”。故填A。

【3】考查副词。句意：932名“补眠者”(周末比平日多睡约两个小时的人)的BMI明显低于其他受试者。首先可以判断该空填副词修饰形容词lower，所以significantly“较大程度上”符合句意。故填AB。

【4】考查一般过去时态。句意：周末补觉可以减肥这件事使人联想到缺觉导致增肥。分析句子可知，句子为一般过去时，根据句意用reminded，表示“使人联想到”。故填B。

【5】考查名词。句意：作为研究人员，我们最好的估计是要保持平衡，身体可以在合理范围内调整和适应。分析句子可知，best后接名词，由“are”可知，空处填名词复数。根据句意判断填BD，estimates“估计”。故填BD。

【6】考查动词。句意：作为研究人员，我们最好的估计是要保持平衡，身体可以在合理范围内调整和适应。由“can adjust and”可知，空填动词原形且根据句意应填adapt，意为“适应”。故填ABC。

【7】考查名词。句意：尽管研究显示，在补眠两小时或更长时间后，身体质量指数(BMI)会有显著差异，但托马斯博士指出，“个体之间存在显著差异”。the后接名词，所以判断该空填名，根据句意“额外睡了2小时的BMI差异”，所以填CD项addition，表示“额外，增加”。故填CD。

【8】考查现在分词作伴随状语。句意：因此，我们从这些额外的时间中得到的好处将取决于我们每个人通常需要多少睡眠。分析句子可知，will vary为谓语动词，所以空处填非谓语动词且表示主动关系，根据句意，表示“取决于”。故填BC。

【9】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：这告诉你你的身体需要多少小时的睡眠，因为它在人群中变化很大，从4到5小时到9到10小时。首先可以判断该空填一个动词，“个人所需睡眠时间因人而异”，分析句子可知，since引导的从句为一般现在时，主语为it，空处缺少谓语，由“from just 4 to 5 hours to 9 to 10 hours”可知，空处填D项varies，“变化”。故填D。

【10】考查名词。句意：那么，周末睡懒觉真的能减肥吗?根据这项研究的结果表明，只有当你从一周中偿还了睡眠债的时候才能减肥。由“a”可知，空处填名词，再由前文pay off，所以填C项debt，意为“债务”。故填C。