Question

【题目】任务型阅读,请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入最恰当的单词。

注意：每空格只填1个单词。请将答案写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上。

Everybody loves self-improvement. That’s why we’re such enthusiastic consumers of “top 10” lists of things to do to be a more productive, promotable, mindful— you name it—leader. But these lists seldom work. What if we didn’t think of self-improvement as work? What if we thought of it as play—specifically, as playing with our sense of self?

Traditionally, people work on themselves, committed to doing everything in their power to change their leadership style. You set your goals and objectives, you are mindful of your time, and seek efficient solutions. You’re not going to deviate(偏离) from the straight and narrow. You focus on what you should do, especially as others see it, as opposed to what you want to do. It’s all very serious and not whole of fun. There is one right answer. Success or failure is the outcome. We judge ourselves.

In contrast, no matter what you’re up to, when you’re in “play” mode, your primary drivers are enjoyment and discovery instead of goals and objectives. You’re curious. You lose track of time. Like in all forms if play, the journey becomes more important than a pre-set destination.

Much research shows how play develops creativity and innovation. Play with your own idea of yourself is similar to playing with future possibilities. So, we stop evaluating today’s self against unachievable ideal of leadership that doesn’t really exist. We also stop trying to will ourselves to “commit” to becoming something we are not even sure we want to be—what we call the “feared self”, which is composed of images negative role models. And, we shift direction from submitting to what other people want us to be to becoming more self-authoring. As a result, when you play, you’re more creative and more open to what you might learn about yourself.

Unfortunately, we don’t often get —or give ourselves—permission to play with our sense of self. In life, we equate playfulness with the person who dips into a great variety of possibilities, never committing to any. We find inconsistency distasteful, so we exclude options that seem too far off from today’s “authentic self”, without ever giving them a try. This kills the discontinuous growth that only comes when we surprise ourselves.

Psychoanalyst Adam Phillips once said, “people tend to play only with serious things—madness, disaster, other people.” Playing with your self is a serious effort because who we might become is not knowable or predictable at the start. That’s why it’s as dangerous as it is necessary for growth.

Lead-in	●People want to improve their【1】 . ●People can apply work mode or play mode.
【2】between the two mode	In work mode ●one is【3】and sticks to his route ●one cares about others’【4】of his performance. ●one judges himself with one standard— success or failure
	In play method ●the【5】outweighs the outcome; ●playfulness allows people to【6】with various approaches; ●playfulness helps people obtain【7】results.
The【8】with application of play mode	We usually regard playfulness as equal to non-professional.
【9】	【10】danger, playfulness is a must for our self-growth.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】leadership

【2】Comparison(s)/Differences

【3】purposeful

【4】expectation(s)

【5】process

【6】experiment

【7】surprising/unexpected

【8】problem/trouble/difficulty

【9】Conclusion

【10】Despite

【解析】试题分析：人人都想成长和发展，文章中给出了两者个人成长和发展的方式：在工作中成长和在玩耍中成长。并分别介绍了这两种模式的优劣。

【1】leadership 原词再现。根据第二段第一句Traditionally, people work on themselves, committed to doing everything in their power to change their leadership style.可知人们努力提高自我的目的在于提高他们的领导能力。

【2】Comparison(s)/Differences 归纳总结。根据表格右边内容，可知作者把工作模式和玩耍模式进行了比较。要找出这两种模式之间的差异。所以使用名词Comparison(s)/Differences。

【3】purposeful 同义句转换。根据第二段第二句You set your goals and objectives, you are mindful of your time, and seek efficient solutions.可知在工作模式中，你设立目标，心无旁骛地追求有效的解决方法。这是带有目的的，所以使用形容词purposeful。

【4】expectation(s) 同义句转换。根据第二段第四句You focus on what you should do, especially as others see it, as opposed to what you want to do.可知你很在于其他人对你所做的事情的看法。所以使用expectation。

【5】process 同义句转换。根据第三段最后一句Like in all forms if play, the journey becomes more important than a pre-set destination.当在玩耍模式中的时候，过程要比之前设立的结果更重要。

【6】experiment 同义句转换。根据第四段前两句Much research shows how play develops creativity and innovation. Play with your own idea of yourself is similar to playing with future possibilities.可知实验你自己的想法和实验未来的可能性是很相似的。也就是说玩耍模式让人们试验各种方法。

【7】surprising/unexpected 同义句转换。根据第四段第四句We also stop trying to will ourselves to “commit” to becoming something we are not even sure we want to be—what we call the “feared self”,可知玩的时候可以让我们去做我们自己没有想到的时候。因为playfulness有创新性。所以使用形容词surprising/unexpected 修饰results。

【8】problem/trouble/difficulty 同义句转换。根据第五段第一句Unfortunately, we don’t often get —or give ourselves—permission to play with our sense of self.可知在自我提高的过程中我们经常会遇见一些问题或困难。

【9】Conclusion 总结归纳题。根据文章最后一句That’s why it’s as dangerous as it is necessary for growth.可知这是最终得出的结论。

【10】Despite 同义句转换。根据文章最后一句That’s why it’s as dangerous as it is necessary for growth.。虽然有一定的危险性，但playfulness是我们成长中必需的事物。