【题目】阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Shadow plays, the earliest of 【1】 started over 2000 years ago, have enjoyed a long history in China and consist of many styles. One famous branch displayed in museum is called Taian Shadow Play. It is believed that it originated in the Song Dynasty when an emperor came to Mount Tai to offer sacrifice. In the past, the authentic shadow figures 【2】 (make) of donkey skin. But nowadays，to save the 【3】 (life) of many donkeys, they have found some man-made materials, which are used for the figures in the hands-on area.
【答案】
【1】which
【2】were made
【3】lives
【解析】
本文是说明文。文章介绍了一种传统艺术形式皮影戏的起源以及制作材料方面的一些情况。
【1】
考查定语从句。句意：皮影戏(Shadow play)最早出现在2000多年前，在中国历史悠久、风格各异。分析句子结构，“the earliest of _____ started over 2000 years ago”是定语从句，先行词是shadow plays，指物，关系词在从句中作the earliest of后的介词宾语；在定语从句中，先行词指物时，在介词后应该用which；此处是“形容词最高级+of+which”引导定语从句。故填which。
【2】
考查时态和语态。句意：在过去，真正的皮影人物是用驴皮制作的。根据时间状语in the past可知，句子叙述的是过去的情况，应该用一般过去时；句子主语the authentic shadow figures和make之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，应该用被动语态，因此用一般过去时的被动语态be done；短语be made of“由……制成”；主语the authentic shadow figures是复数，因此谓语动词也应该用复数的形式；make是不规则变化动词，过去式为made。故填were made。
【3】
考查可数名词单复数。句意：但是现在，为了挽救许多驴子的生命，他们找到了一些人造材料，用于实际操作部分的皮影人物。life是可数名词；根据many donkeys可知是“许多驴子的生命”，life应该用复数形式。故填lives。
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