Question

【题目】Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point (s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own -words as far as possible.

China accounts for almost 22 percent of the world’s population and is one of the world’s largest and most rapidly growing economies. However, it has only 10 percent of the world’s total cultivated area and is having increasing difficulties in securing water for agricultural purposes.

Despite population growing at an average rate of around one percent a year and its economy at around 9 percent a year since the early 1990s，China has so far maintained approximate self- sufficiency in agricultural products overall, in the sense that exports have been approximately matching imports. In fact, China has been the world’s fourth largest importer after the European Union, the United States and Japan.

The ability of China's agriculture to keep pace with growing demand reflects a few key factors. Yield improvements have been achieved through more intensive use of inputs such as fertilizers, agricultural machinery and irrigation, and the introduction of advanced technologies in agricultural production.

The Chinese government has had a policy of agricultural self-sufficiency. However, China's membership of the World Trade Organization (WTO) since 2001 could signal a greater preparedness to accept imports and embrace opportunities provided by export markets. Importantly, however, more than three decades of reforms have permitted the market to have a greater influence on what farmers are producing and selling. Reflecting these factors，China has been gradually shifting its agricultural production away from land intensive products，such as cereals, toward higher value, labor intensive products such as meat, fruit, vegetables, eggs, milk, fish and seafood. That is, China is producing more in line with its comparative advantage.

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Answer 1

【答案】China has fed the largest population in the world with its limited cultivated land and has maintained self-sufficiency. Some uses of inputs and advanced technologies have led to agricultural improvement. Since China joined WTO, it has imported more from other countries and it also has shifted its agricultural production from low value to higher value.

【解析】

这是一篇概要写作。

写作步骤

1）细读原文。首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握文章主旨。文章说明了中国以其有限的耕地养活了世界上最多的人口，并保持了自给自足。一些投入和先进技术的使用已导致农业的改善。中国加入世贸组织以来，从其他国家进口的农产品越来越多，农业生产也从低价值向高价值转变。

2）弄清结构，归纳段意。概要写作是写全文概要，不是写某一部分的概要，或者就某些问题写出要点。

3）列出原文要点。分析原文的内容和结构，将内容分项扼要表述并注意在结构上的顺序。在此基础上选出与文章主题密切相关的部分。

4）在写作时要特别注意下面几点：

（1）概要应包括原文中的主要事实，略去不必要的细节。

（2）安排好篇幅的比例，概要应同原文保持协调，即用较多的文字写重要内容，用较少的文字写次要内容。

（3）注意要点之间的衔接，要用适当的关联词语贯通全文，切忌只简单地写出一些互不相干的句子，但也不要每两句之间都加关联词语，以免显得生硬

（4）不排斥用原文的某些词句，但不要照搬原文的句子，如果不能完全用自己的话语表达，至少对原文句子做一些同义词替换，如果结构上也能有一些转换会更好。

（5）计算词数，看是否符合规定的词数要求。