Children whose minds wander might have sharper brains, a research suggests.
A study has found that people who appear to be often distracted (走神) have more “working memory”, giving them the ability to hold a lot of information in their heads and control it cleverly.
Children at school need this type of memory on a daily basis for a variety of tasks, such as following teachers’ instructions or remembering dictated (听写的) sentences. During the study, volunteers were asked to perform one simple task during which researchers kept asking if their minds were wandering. At the end, volunteers measured their working memory capacity (容量) by their ability to remember a series of letters mixed with simple maths questions.
Daniel Levinson, a professor at the University of Wisconsin-Madison in the United States, said that those with higher working memory capacity reported “more mind wandering during these simple tasks”, but their performance did not suffer.
The results, published online in the journal Psychological Science, appear to confirm former research that found working memory allows humans to deal with multiple thoughts at the same time.
Dr Jonathan Smallwood, of the Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Science in Leipzig, Germany, said, “What this study seems to suggest is that, when surroundings for the task aren’t very difficult, people with additional working memory capacity use them effectively to think about other things besides what they’re doing.”
Working memory capacity is also associated with general measures of intelligence, such as reading comprehension and IQ scores. Dr Smallwood added: “Our results suggest the sorts of planning that people do quite often in daily life – when they are on the bus, when they are cycling to work, when they are in the shower – are probably supported by working memory.”
1.During the study, the researchers asked the volunteers to _______.
A. solve some difficult maths problems
B. retell some dictated sentences
C. follow the teacher’s instructions
D. carry out one simple task
2.The underlined word “suffer” in the fourth paragraph probably means _______.
A. become worse B. settle down
C. experience pain D. run out
3.According to the study, working memory _______.
A. prevents people from remembering dictated sentences
B. causes people’s minds to wander more easily
C. allows people to consider more things at the same time
D. leads to people’s worse performance during work
4.What’s the text mainly about?
A. How the working memory works in the daily life.
B. Wandering minds might have brighter brains.
C. Why people’s minds wander while working.
D. Working ability can be improved by wandering minds.
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阳光课堂同步练习系列答案科目：高中英语 来源：2015-2016学年广东汕头金山中学高一上学期期末英语试卷（解析版） 题型：单项填空
We cannot get through now because the road ______________.
A. is repaired B. has been repaired
C. is being repaired D. was repaired
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科目：高中英语 来源：2016届湖南长沙明德中学高三下学期第八次月考英语试卷（解析版） 题型：阅读理解
Britain’s oldest man made his first visit to London yesterday at the age of 101. Mr. John Evans had never found the time or money to make the trip from his home in Forest Fach, near Swansea. But, when British Rail offered him an all-expense-paid birthday treat to the capital he just could not refuse.
He arrived at Paddington Station and smartly turned out in his best suit, favorite Panama hat and a red rose in his buttonhole. “It’s very exciting. There’s no doubt about it,” he said.
Until yesterday he had never been far from home, except for one trip to Aberdeen. “But I’ve been on the seas to that faraway land called Ilfracombe 21 miles from home,” he joked.
Mr. Evans, who spent 60 years working as a miner in South Wales, almost made the journey to London once before, at the turn of the century. “There was a trip to the White City but it was ten shillings return from Swansea – too much I thought. All my money went to the family then,” he said.
During the next two days Mr. Evans will be taken on a short tour of London to see the sights. Top of his list is a visit to the House of Parliament organized by his MP, Mr. Gareth Wardell.
The only arrangement he does not care for is the wheelchair provided for him if he gets tired. “I don’t like the chair – people will think I am aging,” he said. His secret for a long and healthy life has been well publicized – no wine, no tobacco and no anger.
Before setting off from Swansea with his 76 – year – old son, Amwell, he said jokingly, “I’m glad to see they’ve given me a return ticket.”
1.The very reason that Mr. Evans didn’t go to see the world is that _______.
A. he had already been on the seas to Ilfracombe
B. he was too busy to go too far away from home
C. he believed “East or west, home is the best”
D. he couldn’t afford both the time and the money
2.Mr. Evans didn’t like the wheelchair simply because _______.
A. he was not used to traveling in it
B. the wheelchair was of poor quality and not easy to operate
C. he thought he was still young enough to manage the trip
D. he actually preferred walking to sitting in it at home
3.Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?
A. Mr. Evans had to pay for the return ticket.
B. The trip to London excited Mr. Evans very much.
C. Mr. Evans had to work hard to raise his family when young.
D. Humor was one of Mr. Evans’ characters.
4.The probable explanation to Mr. Evans’ long life lies in _______.
A. his sticking to his hometown
B. his hard working for the family
C. his good living habits
D. his living conditions near the Swansea
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科目：高中英语 来源：2015-2016学年湖南衡阳八中高二下学期第一次月考英语卷（解析版） 题型：七选五
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
If you have an upcoming job interview，you are probably afraid of appearing nervous during the interview. Knowing how to relax during the interview increases the likelihood that you appear to be the best candidate for the job. There are several things to keep in mind regarding relaxation during a job interview.
DO: Listen to the interviewer
During your interview, the interviewer is likely to do most of the talking. If your focus on what he is saying and give the person your undivided attention. two things are likely to happen. 1. .Second, your nervousness is easier to forget since your mind is focused on what the interviewer is saying.
DO: Prepare in advance.
2. .One of the best ways to help yourself relax during the interview is to be ready for these questions． 3. ，create a list of questions that you expect to be asked, and consider your answers. Ask friends or family to help you by asking questions they think you might. encounter and give feedback on your responses. In addition, researching the company, the specific position and the industry in general enables you to be a more knowledgeable applicant. 4. since there is less chance of being troubled by interview questions.
Being relaxed is essential for having a successful job interview. Overcoming your nervousness is not difficult if you know how to relax. 5. , you are the confident and knowledgeable applicant you want to appear as during the interview.
A. First, the interviewer is likely to be impressed by your listening skills
B. Despite this, you need to keep these nervous feelings to yourself
C. This also helps you to relax
D. Confidence is key to feeling relaxed during an interview
E. During an interview, expect to be asked a ton of questions
F. By being aware of how to relax
G. Before your interview
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科目：高中英语 来源：2015-2016学年山东枣庄八中南校区高一3月单元测英语卷（解析版） 题型：语法填空
语法填空
At the end of the 16th century, English was only spoken by people from England. They were native speakers. 1.__________ largest number of people speaking English may be in China at present. A lot of Chinese people speak English 2._________ their foreign language and some can even speak English 3.___________ (fluent). The English language 4.___________ (change) quite a lot over time. Old English 5.__________ (speak) at that time sounded like German because it 6.__________ (base) on German, but modern English sounds more like French 7._________ German because England was once ruled by the French. Two people had great effects on English. One was Shakespeare, the person 8.___________ enriched the English vocabulary; the 9._________ was Noah Webster. He wrote a dictionary and finally gave American English 10._________ own identity.
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科目：高中英语 来源：2015-2016学年湖南衡阳八中高一下学期一次月考英语试卷（解析版） 题型：语法填空
语法填空
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（限填1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
In my living room, there is a plaque that advises me to “bloom 1. you are planted”. It reminds me of Dorothy. I got to know Dorothy in the early 1980s, when I was teaching Early Childhood Development through a program. The job 2. (responsible) required occasional visits to the classroom of each teacher in the program. Dorothy stands out in my memory as one 3. bloomed in her remote area.
Dorothy taught in a remote school near Harlan. To get to her school from the town of Harlan, I followed a road 4. (wind) around the mountain. In the eight-mile journey, I crossed the same railroad track five times, giving the possibility of 5. (catch) by the same train five times. Rather than feeling excited by this drive through mountains, I found it depressing. The poverty level was shocking and the small shabby houses gave me the greatest feeling of 6. (hope).
From the moment of my arrival at the little school, all my gloom disappeared. Upon arriving at Dorothy’s classroom, I was greeted with smiling faces and treated like a queen. The children 7. (prepare) to show me their 8. (late) projects. Dorothy told me with a smile that they were serving poke greens salad and cornbread they made themselves for dinner.
Lonely 9. she was far away from the modern civilization and convenience, she never ran out of reports of exciting activities of her students. Her enthusiasm never cooled down. She passed all the tests 10. (excellent) and I found that Dorothy was really blooming where life had planted her.
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科目：高中英语 来源：2015-2016学年黑龙江牡丹江第一中学高一3月月考英语卷（解析版） 题型：书面表达
书面表达
你叫李红，一周前去香港度假时在一家商店买了一件女上衣，现有质量问题。请结合下面提示向该店外籍经理写一封英文信，就此事发表看法或提出建议。
所购衣物：绿色女上衣，价格300元；
问题：洗涤时褪色；
要求：退款或换衣。
字数：100左右
Dear Sir or Madam,
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours truly,
Li Hong
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科目：高中英语 来源：2015-2016学年浙江湖州中学高一上学期期中考试英语试卷（解析版） 题型：阅读理解
Like most July days, it was hot. I stepped into a tiny ice-cream shop to cool off with a chocolate ice-cream. It was an old-time store with little round tables and chairs.
As I entered, I found a very old woman bent over a table near the door. Her back was so badly twisted by some sadness that her face nearly touched the table top. I sat down facing her several tables away.
“Poor woman,” I thought. “What does she get out of life? Why God let people live so long past their prime?”
As I thought, another aged lady entered the shop and sat down with her. Soon the two of them were talking about childhood days. They talked of how little the shop had changed in 70 years… In minutes, the two of them were trembling with laughter.
I looked again at the first woman, then in the mirror on a nearby wall, catching a picture of myself.
I was wearing a dirty shirt. She was well dressed in white, her hands shining with gold rings.
I was gloomy(愁闷的). She was laughing, smiling.
I was putting the pieces of my life together. She had millions of wonderful memories to recall.
I sat alone. She was sharing the day with a good friend.
I was secretly worried about getting old. She was old, but it wasn’t hurting her.
As I left the shop, I thought of my foolish question about God letting people live past their prime. Why, that woman was more alive, more sensitive to life than I was. Age has not bent her spirit.
1.The word “prime” in paragraph 3 means ______.
A. old age B. middle
C. childhood D. greatest period of life
2.Which of the following is the main idea of the passage?
A. To tell us the life of old people.
B. To show the difference between the old and the young.
C. To show that old age does not mean going short of spirit.
D. To make the reader have a pity on the old people.
3.Which of the following is the conclusion the writer made about the old lady?
A. She was to be pitied for her old age.
B. She considered the young man pitiable.
C. She was more alive and sensitive to life than the writer.
D. People should not be allowed to live when they are too old.
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科目：高中英语 来源：2016届山东武城第二中学高三下学期第一次月考英语试卷（解析版） 题型：阅读理解
Clive Roberts，a director at ELS Educational Services，says English tests are changing greatly in response to the global growth in the use of English as a lingua franca— the common language used among people with different native languages．For that reason，a lot of new tests are being developed while old tests are being improved to meet the needs of universities and employers worldwide.
Changes in language testing
“A lot of tests are now delivered online，all four skills are being tested，in some cases，by computer，in particular speaking and writing skills，which are the most difficult to assess on a computer environment，”says Mr.Roberts.
Computer testing will reduce the length of time required for testing，because the tests adjust to the test-taker’s ability．These computer-adaptive tests also increase accuracy in scoring．Computer-adaptive tests change depending on the test-taker’s responses．They can become more or less difficult during the testing session．For this reason，the set of correct answers will be different for each test-taker．
Cultural sensitivity
Another change to language testing relates to cultural sensitivity．The term refers to material on a test that is based on a certain culture or is hard for test-takers from different cultures to understand．
Mr．Roberts says test development companies are now hiring people with intercultural communication backgrounds to review test items．The companies want to make sure the test does not upset test-takers．
Proficiency(精通程度)in language
Changes to English proficiency tests make them better at measuring the learners’ ability．However，Mr．Roberts says the changes may mean the tests are more difficult for some students．
“The tests have become more proficiency-oriented．The items are being designed in such a way that they test real-world proficiency and not simply sort of an artificial environment or a specific set of skills that are taught in a classroom．So a lot of authentic texts，a lot of authentic listening passages are being used．”
The changes mean students have to be able to understand English the way it is used in everyday life， not just in textbooks．
1.Which of the following can best replace the underlined words“a lingua franca”in Paragraph l?
A． a universal language B．a second language
C．a native language D．a mother tongue
2.Which of the following is true about online English tests?
A．Listening is more difficult to be tested online than speaking．
B．Online English tests need more time．
C．Online English tests make scoring more accurate．
D．Online English tests are more difficult．
3.Why is proficiency stressed in language testing?
A．To make the test more difficult．
B．To get learners to learn textbooks well．
C．To test learners’speaking ability．
D．To test learners’ real ability to use the language．
4.Which words can best describe the new English tests?
A． More accurate but easier．
B．Less practical but harder．
C． Better but harder．
D．Less popular but easier．
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