2£®Passenger pigeons£¨Âø룩 once flew over much of the United States in unbelievable numbers£®Written accounts from the 18th and 19th centuries described flocks£¨Èº£© so large that they darkened the sky for hours£®
It was calculated that when its population reached its highest point£¬there were more than 3 billion passenger pigeons-a number equal to 24to 40percent of the total bird population in the United States£¬making it perhaps the most abundant bird in the world£®Even as late as 1870when their numbers had already become smaller£¬a flock believed to be 1mile wide and 320miles £¨about 515kilometers£© long was seen near Cincinnati£®
Sadly£¬the abundance of passenger pigeons may have been their undoing£®Where the birds were most abundant£¬people believed there was an ever-lasting supply and killed them by the thousands£®Commercial hunters attracted them to small clearings with grain£¬waited until pigeons had settled to feed£¬then threw large nets over them£¬taking hundreds at a time£®The birds were shipped to large cities and sold in restaurants£®
By the closing decades of the 19th century£¬the hardwood forests where passenger pigeons nested had been damaged by Americans'need for wood£¬which scattered £¨ÇýÉ¢£© the flocks and forced the birds to go farther north£¬where cold temperatures and spring storms contributed to their decline£®Soon the great flocks were gone£¬never to be seen again£®
In 1897£¬the state of Michigan passed a law prohibiting the killing of passenger pigeons£¬but by then£¬no sizable flocks had been seen in the state for 10years£®The last confirmed wild pigeon in the United States was shot by a boy in Pike County£¬Ohio£¬in 1900£®For a time£¬a few birds survived under human care£®The last of them£¬known affectionately as Martha£¬died at the Cincinnati Zoological Garden on September 1£¬1914£®

24£®In the 18th and early 19th centuries£¬passenger pigeonsD£®
A£®were the biggest bird in the world
B£®lived mainly in the south of America
C£®did great harm to the natural environment
D£®were the largest bird population in the US
25£®The underlined word"undoing"probably refers to the pigeons'B£®
A£®escape           B£®ruin            C£®liberation             D£®evolution
26£®What was the main reason for people to kill passenger pigeons£¿C
A£®To seek pleasure        B£®To save other birds
C£®To make money            D£®To protect crops£®
27£®What can we infer about the law passed in Michigan£¿B
A£®It was ignored by the public         B£®It was declared too late£®
C£®It was unfair                        D£®It was strict£®

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A£®Strong Is Your Hold
This book was written by Galway Kinnell£¬who spent many years in finishing the book£®Kinnell's first collection of new poems in more than a decade revisits themes of marriage£¬friendship and death£¬with long£¬loose lines reminiscent of Whitman£®It is popular with the people who are interested in literature£®
B£®The Letter
The murder of a television star appears to be the work of thieves who are quickly caught£®But they escape from prison and a young lawyer says she knows who the real criminals are£®Written with intelligence£¬this story is so fast-moving that it demands the reader's complete attention£®
C£®London Alive
This author of many famous novels has now turned to writing short stories with great success£®The stories tell of Londoners'daily lives and happen in eighteen different places--for example£¬one story takes place at a table in a cafe£¬another in the back of a taxi and another in a hospital£®
D£®Gone West
A serious look at one of the least-known regions of the United States£®The author describes the empty villages which thousands left when they were persuaded by the railway companies to go west in search of new lives£®The author manages to provide many interesting details about their history£®
E£®Cutting for Stone
This book was written by Abraham Verghese£®It is a powerful story about twin brothers born in a Catholic hospital in Addis Ababa£¬Ethiopia£®Their mother£¬an Indian nurse at the hospital£¬dies in childbirth£®The brothers are raised by two Indian doctors who live at the hospital£®One brother later moves to the United States£®This is a story about the extremes of love£¬family£¬and medicine£®
F£®Jane Eyre
There is great kindness and warmth in this love story£®Poor and plain as Jane Eyre is£¬she has a strong will£¬sharp wisdom and great courage£®She is forced to battle against a harsh employer and a rigid social order£®Yet she is never defeated£®Standing on her feet£¬she gains her own happiness in the end£®

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46£®Takumi doesn't have much free time so he reads short stories which he can finish quickly£®He likes reading stories about ordinary people and the things that happen to them in today's world£®C
47£®Terresha Houghs has read widely since she was in university£®She can recite most of essays and poems she has read£¬especially poems from Leaves of Grass£®She is fond of traditional themes in poetry and still keeps her habits of reciting poems£®A
48£®Ali enjoys reading crime stories which are carefully written so that they hold his interest right to the end£®He enjoys trying to guess who the criminal really is while he's reading£®B
49£®Lucy is a quiet girl who likes to read in a quiet corner in the library£®Her favorite stories are those with characters brave enough to face and overcome difficulties in life£®F
50£®Charlie£¬who attends college in the Midwest£¬majors in medicine£®He is fond of reading stories about family and love£¬especially those related to his future career£®E£®

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7£®The Cost of Higher Education
Individuals £¨¸öÈË£© should pay for their higher education£®
A university education is of huge and direct benefit to the individual£®Graduates earn more than non-graduates£®Meanwhile£¬social mobility is ever more dependent on having a degree£®However£¬only some people have it£®So the individual£¬not the taxpayers£¬should pay for it£®There are pressing calls on the resources £¨×ÊÔ´£© of the government£®Using taxpayers'money to help a small number of people to earn high incomes in the future is not one of them£®
Full government funding £¨×ÊÖú£© is not very good for universities£®Adam Smith worked in a Scottish university whose teachers lived off student fees£®He knew and looked down upon 18th-century Oxford£¬where the academics lived comfortably off the income received from the government£®Guaranteed salaries£¬Smith argued£¬were the enemy of hard work£» and when the academics were lazy and incompetent£¬the students were similarly lazy£®
If students have to pay for their education£¬they not only work harder£¬but also demand more from their teachers£®And their teachers have to keep them satisfied£®If that means taking teaching seriously£¬and giving less time to their own res earch interests£¬that is surely something to celebrate£®
Many people believe that higher education should be free because it is good for the economy £¨¾­¼Ã£©£®Many graduates clearly do contribute to national wealth£¬but so do all the businesses that invest £¨Í¶×Ê£© and create jobs£®If you believe that the government should pay for higher education because graduates are economically productive£¬you should also believe that the government should pay part of business costs£®Anyone promising to create jobs should receive a gift of capital from the government to invest£®Therefore£¬it is the individual£¬not the government£¬who should pay for their university education£®

68£®The underlined word"them"in Paragraph 2 refers toB
A£®taxpayers
B£®pressing calls
C£®college graduates
D£®government resources
69£®The author thinks that with full government fundingD
A£®teachers are less satisfied
B£®students are more demanding
C£®students will become more competent
D£®teachers will spend less time on teaching
70£®The author mentions businesses in Paragraph 5 in order toA
A£®argue against free university education
B£®call on them to finance students'studies
C£®encourage graduates to go into business
D£®show their contribution to higher education£®

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14£®Are you looking for some new and exciting places to take your kids £¨º¢×Ó£© to£¿Try some of these places
•Visit art museums£®They offer a variety of activities to excite your kids'interest£®Many offer workshops for making land-made pieces£¬traveling exhibits£¬book signings by children's favorite writer£¬and even musical performances and other arts£®
•Head to a natural history museum£®This is where kids can discover the past from dinosaur£¨¿ÖÁú£© models to rock collections and pictures of stars in the sky£®Also£¬ask what kind of workshops and educational programs are prepared for kids and any special events that are coming up£®
•Go to a Youtheater£®Look for one in your area offering plays for child and family visitors£®Pre-show play shops are conducted by area artists and educators where kids can discover the secret about performing arts£®Puppet£¨Ä¾Å¼£©making and stage make-up are just a couple of the special offerings you might find£®
•Tryhands-on science£®Visit one of the many hands-on science museums around the country£®These science play-lands are great fun for kids and grown-ups alike£®They'll keep your child mentally and physically active the whole day through while pushing buttons£¬experimenting£¬and building£®When everyone is tired£¬enjoy a fun family science show£¬commonly found in these museums£®

56£®If a child is interested in the universe£¬he probably will visitC£®
A£®a Youtheater
B£®an art museum
C£®a natural history museum
D£®a hands-on science museum
57£®What can kids do at a Youtheater£¿C£®
A£®Look at rock collections£®
B£®See dinosaur models£®
C£®Watch puppet making£®
D£®Give performances£®
58£®What does"hands-on science"mean in the last paragraph£¿B
A£®Science games designed by kids£®
B£®Learning science by doing things£®
C£®A show of kids'science work£®
D£®Reading science books£®
59£®Where does this text probably come from£¿C
A£®A science textbook£®
B£®A tourist map£®
C£®A museum guide£®
D£®A news report£®

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¡¡¡¡Though she had been in a coma£¨»èÃÔ£©for nearly six months£¬it was still a£¨16£©Awhen my grandmother passed away£®I was not yet thirteen when she£¨17£©B£®I'd understood that death awaited her£¬but in those first moments of knowing£¬I could not£¨18£©Dthat"eventually"had finally come to pass£®
¡¡¡¡Friends came to the funeral home to pay their last respects to my grandmother and to show their support for my mother£®Not£¨19£©Awhere to be or what to do£¬I stayed off to the side£®The£¨20£©Dfinally ended with the arrival of my friend Kelly£®
¡¡¡¡Kelly and I had been friends ever since she was three and Four£®We were"home"friends£¬the kind who rode bikes together after school£¬went£¨21£©Cto a KFC a few blocks away£¬even though we weren't allowed to leave the block£®
¡¡¡¡At the funeral home£¬Kelly came right to me£®In her hands were two packages of M&M's£®Kelly knew that was one of my£¨22£©B£®We had often taken long trips to the store for£¨23£©D£®We sat in the back£¬eating M&M's and talking quietly£®A£¨24£©Cexperience had suddenly become easier to bear£¬with a childhood offering of chocolates and the£¨25£©Cof a devoted friend£®
¡¡¡¡Trying to come up with something to offer a heartbroken person is£¨26£©C£®Kelly had understood£¬even at twelve£¬that there wasn't much she could do to reduce my pain£¨27£©Abe there with me and bring something that just might make me£¨28£©C£®
¡¡¡¡Now£¬whenever Kelly and I find ourselves at funeral home for family member of ours£¬the other has always shown up£¨29£©BM&M's£¬a small offering of£¨30£©Ato take the edge off the hovering sorrow£®We've£¨31£©Dthat when we're old£¬the one who dies first will have a crazy old lady throwing M&M's into her grave£®M&M's will£¨32£©Bbe significant to me£®They will£¨33£©Dme that even when something as painful and powerful as£¨34£©Ccomes to claim what's most important to me£¬there will always be Kelly¡­and her chocolate£®
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26£®A£®strangeB£®cleverC£®difficultD£®reasonable
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