Question

【题目】Symptoms of Dehydration(脱水)

You’re bad- tempered.

Researchers tested the mood and concentration of 25 women who drank healthy amounts of water one day, and then didn’t over the next two days. When slightly dehydrated, the women reported tiredness, bad temper, headaches, and difficulty focusing. In a separate test, men with mild dehydration also had trouble with mental tasks. 【1】 Scientists are still trying to figure out why.

You have a bad workout.

【2】 It impacts how much you can push yourself. Even a 2 to 3 percent fluid loss affects your ability to get a good workout and more than 5 percent dehydration decreases exercise capacity by about 30 percent. A no-brainer way to avoid dehydration and dehydration symptoms is to aim for this much water per day.

【3】

Driving while dehydrated may be just as dangerous as getting behind the wheel drunk, in terms of how many mistakes you could make on the road. British researchers had participants take two-hour drives [using a simulator (模拟器). When they drank enough water, there were 47 driving errors. 【4】

You feel dizzy when you stand up too fast.

One of the signs of dehydration is when your blood volume and pressure drops, it can leave you feeling dizzy or faint, or bring on that rush of light-headedness after you quickly get up from sitting or lying down.

The exact treatment for dehydration symptoms depends on age and how severely dehydrated someone is. 【5】 Most of the time, however, people use some over-the-counter solutions for kids, and adults can drink more water

A. You drive like you’re drunk.

B. Dehydration can be life-threatening.

C. To get rid of dehydration you have to replace lost water.

D. In extreme cases, people might go to the hospital for a treatment.

E. Dehydration reduces blood pressure and makes the heart work harder.

F. But when it came to mood changes, women changed much more than men’s.

G. But when they are short of water, there were more than doubled driving errors to 101.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】F

【2】E

【3】A

【4】G

【5】D

【解析】

本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍的是脱水的4种症状，即你会脾气暴躁；你会锻炼得不好；你开车就像喝醉了一样；你起身太快会感到头晕。

【1】根据上文In a separate test, men with mild dehydration also had trouble with mental tasks.可知，在另一项单独测试中，轻度脱水的男性也有精神问题。此处承接上文说明女性的表现。故F选项“但在情绪变化方面，女性的变化要比男性大得多”符合上下文语境，故选F。

【2】根据后文It impacts how much you can push yourself.可知它会影响你对自己的要求。可推知，本句是在说明脱水会引起的身体不适，从而导致锻炼得不好。故E选项“脱水会降低血压，使心脏工作更加困难”符合上下文语境，故选E。

【3】由后面的Driving while dehydrated may be just as dangerous as getting behind the wheel drunk.可知开车时脱水可能和酒后驾车一样危险。由此可知，开车时脱水会让你像喝醉了一样，故A选项“你开车就像喝醉了一样”符合上下文语境，故选A。

【4】根据前面的When they drank enough water, there were 47 driving errors可知，当他们喝足够的水时，有47个驾驶失误。此处承接上文，进一步说明开车时脱水对驾驶失误的影响。故G选项“但当他们缺水时，驾驶失误增加了一倍多，达到101次”符合上下文语境，故选G。

【5】根据上文The exact treatment for dehydration symptoms depends on age and how severely dehydrated someone is.可知，脱水症状的确切治疗取决于年龄和某人脱水的严重程度。由此可知，本句承接上文说明不同程度，人们的应对方法。故D选项“在极端情况下，人们可能会去医院接受治疗”符合上下文语境，故选D。