2．People from East Asia tend to have more difficulty than those from Europe in distinguishing facial expressions--and a new report published online in Current Biology explains why．
Rachael Jack，University of Glasgow researcher，said that rather than scanning evenly（均匀的） across a face as Westerners do．Easterners fix their attention on the eyes．
"We show that Easterners and Westerners look at different face features to read facial expressions，"Jack said．"Westerners look at the eyes and the mouth in equal measure，whereas Easterners favor the eyes and neglect （忽略） the mouth．"
According to Jack and her colleagues，the discovery shows that human communication of emotion is more complex than previously believed．As a result，facial expressions that had been considered universally recognizable cannot be used to reliably convey emotion in cross-cultural situations．
The researchers studied cultural differences in the recognition of facial expressions by recording the eye movements of 13 Western Caucasian and 13 East Asian people while they observed pictures of expressive faces and put them into categories：happy，sad，surprised，fearful，disgusted，angry，or neutral．They compared how accurately participants read those facial expressions using their particular eye movement strategies．
It turned out that Easterners focused much greater attention on the eyes and made significantly more errors than did Westerners，"The cultural difference in eye movements that they show is probably a reflection of cultural difference in facial expressions，"Jack said．"Our data suggests that whereas Westerners use the whole face to convey emotion，Easterners use the eyes more and mouth less．"
In short，the data show that facial expressions are not universal signals of human emotion．From here on，examining how cultural factors have diversified these basic social skills will help our understanding of human emotion．Otherwise，when it comes to communicating emotions across cultures，Easterners and Westerners will find themselves lost in translation．
51．The discovery shows that WesternersA．
A．pay equal attention to the eyes and the mouth
B．consider facial expressions universally reliable
C．observe the eyes and the mouth in different ways
D．have more difficulty in recognizing facial expressions
52．What were the people asked to do in the study？C
A．To make a face at each other．
B．To get their faces impressive．
C．To classify some face pictures．
D．To observe the researchers'faces．
53．What does the underlined word"they"in Paragraph 6 refer to？A
A．The participants in the study．
B．The researchers of the study．
C．The errors made during the study．
D．The data collected from the study．
54．In comparison with Westerners，Easterners are likely toC
A．do translation more successfully
B．study the mouth more frequently
C．examine the eyes more attentively
D．read facial expressions more correctly
55．What can be the best title for the passage？B
A．The Eye as the Window to the Soul
B．Cultural Differences in Reading Emotions
C．Effective Methods to Develop Social Skills
D．How to Increase Cross-cultural Understanding．
分析 本文为科普说明文．主要介绍了最新的科学研究发现：东方人比西方人更难于读懂他人的面部表情．
解答 51．A．细节理解题：根据第三段"Westerners look at the eyes and the mouth in equal measure，whereas Easterners favor the eyes and neglect （忽略） the mouth．"可知研究发现西方人同样注重眼睛和嘴；故选A．
52．C．细节理解题：根据第五段"…by recording the eye movements of 13 Western Caucasian and 13 East Asian people while they observed pictures of．expressive faces and put them into categories：happy，sad，surprised，fearful，disgusted，angry，or neutral．"可知人们在研究中被要求对一些人脸图片进行分类；故选C
53．A．词义猜测题：根据定语从句"that they show"所修饰的 eye movements 在研究中为the participants 所作（从the eye movements of 13 Western Caucasian and 13 East Asian people"可知他们指的是参与者；故选A
54．C．细节理解题：根据第六段"It turned out that Easterners focused much greater attention on the eyes and made significantly more errors than did Westerners．"可知比起西方人东方人会正在意眼睛；故选C
55．B．主旨大意题：根据最后一段From here on，examining how cultural factors have diversified these basic social skills will help our understanding of human emotion可知文化差异丰富了理解情感的基本社会技巧，即：不同的文化背景使人理解他人情感的方式也不尽相同．故选B
点评 考察学生的细节理解和推理判断能力，做细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原句，和题干进行比较，再做出正确的选择．在做推理判断题不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实，要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断．
