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阅读下面的短文,并根据要求答题。(请注意问题后的字数要求)。

    Human uses a little less than half the water available worldwide.Yet occurrences of shortages and droughts(干旱)are causing starvation and misfortunes in some areas,and industrial and agricultural by-products are polluting water supplies.Since the world’s population is expected to double in the next 50 years,many experts think we are on the edge of a widespread water crisis(危机).

But              .Water shortages do not have to trouble the world——if we start valuing water more than we have in the past.Just as we began to appreciate oil more after the 1970s oil crises,today we must start looking at water in a fresh economic way.We can no longer afford to consider water an actually free resource of which we can use as much as we like in any way we want.Insteadfor all uses except the demand of the door, governments should price water to reflect its actual valueThis means charging a fee for the water itself as well as for the supply costs.

    Governments should also protect this resource by providing water in more economically and environmentally sound ways.For example,often the cheapest way to provide irrigation water in the dry areas is through small projects.such as gathering rainfall in depressions(凹地)and pumping it to nearby cropland.

    No matter what steps governments take to provide water more efficiently,they must change their institutional(制度上的)and legal approaches to water use.Rather than spread control among hundreds or even thousands of local,and national agencies that watch water use,countries should set up central authorities to carry out water policy.

1.Fill in the following chart with proper words or phrases according to the first paragraph (Please answer within 4 words in each blank.).

2.Fill in the blank in the second paragraph with a proper sentence.(Please answer within 10 words.)

                                                                                

3.Translate the underlined sentence in the second paragraph into Chinese.

                                                                                

4.Which sentence in the passage is the closest in meaning to the following one?

  In order to protect water, we should serve water supply in ways of spending little money and doing no harm to the environment.

                                                                              

5.What other effective way(s) can you think of to prevent water crisis?(Please answer within 30 words)

                                                                               

1.①(Causes of) Water crisis  ②)Water pollution  ③Population increasing

    (评分要求:概括准确,用词得当,字数符合要求)

2.(But)that doesn’t have to be the outcome/the crisis isn’t unavoidable/the serious situatuation may be avoided/bad things may be avoided

    (评分要求:要求给出的答案能保持与上下文的连贯性,而且与参考答案的意思相近。)

3.相反,除了满足穷人的需求之外,政府应当对所有的人明确标明水价,以便反映其实际价值。

    (评分要求:要求在准确、全面的基础上,翻译成较为通顺的汉语,并表达出作者的思路。)

4.Governments should also protect this resource by providing water in more economically and  environmentally sound ways.

    (评分要求:要求准确找出以上的句子,并书写正确。)

5.(The answer may vary)

  (评分要求:内容要合理,表达要正确;表达错误酌情扣分。)

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