Question

【题目】根据短文理解，选择正确答案。
Obama, Lady Gaga and Steve Jobs—what do they have in common? They are, of course, all Americans. And according to a survey by social networking site baidu. com, they all best illustrate(举例说明) the word “cool”.
But just what does it mean to say someone is “cool”? Most would answer that it is something to do with being independent-minded and not following the crowd.
Yale University art professor Robert Farris Thompson says that the term “cool” goes back to 15th century West African philosophy. “Cool” relates to ideas of grace under pressure.
“In Africa,” he writes, “coolness is a positive quality which combines calmness, silence, and life.”
The modern idea of “cool” developed largely in the US in the period after World War II. “Post-war 'cool' was in part an expression of war-weariness (厌战情绪), . . . it went against the strict social rules of the time,” write sociologists Dick Pountain and David Robins in Cool Rules: Anatomy of an Attitude.
But it was the American actor James Dean who became the symbol for “cool” in the hugely successful 1955 movie Rebel without a Cause. Dean plays a tough guy who disobeys his parents and the authorities. He always gets the girl, smokes cigarettes, wears a leather jacket and beats up bullies. In the movie, Dean showed what “cool” would mean to American young people for the next 60 years.
Today the focus of “cool” has changed to athletics (体育运动) stars. Often in movies about schools, students gain popularity on the athletics field more than in the classroom. This can be seen quite clearly in movies like Varsity Blues and John Tucker Must Die.
But many teenagers also think being smart is cool. Chess and other thinking games have been becoming more popular in schools.
“Call it the Harry Potterization of America—a time when being smart is the new cool,” writes journalist Joe Sunnen.
（1）If you were considered “cool” in Africa in the 15th century, you_____.
A.thought and acted differently from the majority
B.had a calm and quiet attitude towards life
C.didn't observe rules and authorities
D.had all kinds of “bad” manners
（2）The heroes in Varsity Blues and John Tucker Must Die are likely to be those who ________.
A.do very well in their studies
B.are very skilled at sports
C.are good at chess and other thinking games.
D.have supernatural powers like Harry Potter
（3）Which of the following is NOT true according to the article?
A.It is generally considered “cool” to be independent-minded and not to follow the crowd.
B.“Cool” was used as early as the 15th century.
C.Disobeying one's parents and the authorities is considered “cool” among American young people nowadays.
D.Getting the first place in an exam can also be considered “cool”.
（4）What does the article mainly talk about?
A.The origin of the word “cool”.
B.The kinds of people who are “cool”.
C.The changing meaning of the word “cool”.
D.How to be a “ cool” person.

Answer 1

【答案】
（1）B
（2）B
（3）D
（4）C
【解析】我们通常说一个人很酷，那么，酷的意思到底是什么呢？文章主要讲述了“cool”一词的含义。“cool”一词可以追溯到15世纪的西非，当时，“cool”一词代表冷静、安静的生活态度。随着时代发展，在不同时期它不断被赋予新的含义。

⑴细节推理。根据第四段“coolness is a positive quality which combines calmness, silence, and life.”可知在15世纪的非洲，cool代表冷静、安静的生活态度，故选B.

⑵细节推理。根据倒数第三段“Often in movies about schools, students gain popularity on the athletics field more than in the classroom. ”可知，热爱运动的人更容易成为受欢迎的人，故选B.

⑶细节推理。根据倒数第三段“Often in movies about schools, students gain popularity on the athletics field more than in the classroom.”和倒数第二段“But many teenagers also think being smart is cool.”可知，学习成绩好的人没有热爱运动的人受欢迎，D项说法错误。故选D.

⑷推理判断。根据文章中的时间顺序15th century，Post-war 'cool'， 1955 movie，Today及a time when being smart is the new cool可知不同时代cool有不同的含义，故选C.