Question

阅读理解 　　You're out to dinner．The food is delicious and the service is fine．You decide to leave a big fat tip．Why? The answer may not be as simple as you think． 　　Tipping, psychologists(心理学家)have found, is not just about service．Instead, studies have shown that tipping can be affected by psychological reactions to a series of different factors from the waiter's choice of words to how they carry themselves while taking orders to the bill's total．Even how much waiters remind customers of themselves can determine how much change they can pocket by the end of the night． 　　“Studies before have shown what the mimicker(逗乐者)brings into positive feelings for the customers,” wrote Rick van Baren, a social psychology professor．“These studies show that people who are being mimicked become more generous toward the person who mimics(逗乐)them”． 　　So Rick van Baren divided 59 waiters into two groups．He requested that half serve with a phrase such as, “Coming up!”．Those in the other half were instructed to repeat the orders and preferences back to the customers．Rick van Baren then compared their take-home．The results were clear-it pays to mimic your customer．The copycat waiters earned almost double the amount of tips to the other group． 　　Leonard Green and Joel Myerson, psychologists at Washington University in St．Louis, found the generosity of a tipper may be limited by his bill．After research on the 1,000 tips left for waiters, cab drivers, and hair stylists, they found tip percentages in the three areas dropped as customers' bills went up．In fact, tip percentages appear to reach a plateau(稳定水平)when bills topped＄100 and a bill for＄200 made the worker gain no bigger percentage tip than a bill for＄100． 　　“That's also a point of tipping,” Green says．“You have to give a little extra to the cab driver for being there to pick you up and something to the waiter for being there to serve you．If they weren't t here you'd never get any service．So part of the idea of a tip is for just being there．” (1) According to the passage, which of the following factors will NOT influence the customers' tipping? [　　] A． waiters' service quality B． waiters' presence there C． waiters' being mimicked D． waiters' taking message to customers (2) According to the passage, which of the following will be likely to show the right change of the tip percentages? [　　] A． B． C． D． (3) In the last paragraph, the writer uses the facts to develop his idea that ________． [　　] A． tipping can be affected by some psychological reactions B． tipping can be affected by many different factors C． tipping sometimes is just for being there to get service D． tipping is just about the service itself or the waiters (4) From the passage we can learn that the writer seems to ________． [　　] A． have studied how waiters should mimic the customers B． think part of Rick van Baren's explanation reasonable C． give his generous tip to cab drivers very often D． support Mr．Green's opinion about tipping

Answer 1

答案：1．C;2．D;3．C;4．D;
解析：

(1)	考查细节理解。根据文章第三段的最后一句话可知，能够将顾客逗乐的服务员会收到更多的小费，因此C错误。
(2)	考查细节理解。根据文章倒数第二段中they found tip percentages in the three areas dropped as customers' bills went up．可知小费的数目与顾客的账单数目成反比；同时根据本段的最后可知，当顾客账单达到一定数目时，小费数目不再变化。由此可知符合这些的是D。
(3)	考查推理判断题。文章最后一段提供了另一个人们付小费的原因：just for being there．因此选C。
(4)	解析：考查推理判断题。A和C文章没有提到与此相关的内容；B项根据文章可知part of一词错误，因为作者引用Rick Van Baren的观点是为了说明付小费的原因，由此可知作者是同意他的看法的；D正确，因为这是作者提供的用来解释人们为何付小费的一个原因。 　　文章大意：文章主要从顾客心理的角度分析了几个付小费的原因。