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4.Teaching is more than leadership.Some of the teacher's time and effort is directed toward instruction,some toward evaluation.But it is the teacher as a group leader who creates an effective organizational structure (结构) and good working environment so that instruction and evaluation activities can take place.A group that is totally disorganized,unclear about its goals,or constantly fighting among its members will not be a good learning group.The leadership pattern includes helping to form and maintain a positive learning environment so that instruction and evaluation activities can take place.
On the first day of class,the teacher faces a room filled with individuals (个体).Perhaps a few closely united groups and friendships already exist.But there is no sense of group unity,no set of rules for conduct in the group,no feeling of belonging.If teachers are successful leaders,they will help students develop a system of relationships that encourages working together.
Standards and rules must be set to keep order,make sure of justice and protect individual rights,but do not contradict school policy.What happens when one student hurts another's individual rights?Without clear regulations agreeable to the students and teachers,the classroom can become chaotic.Students may break rules they did not know existed.If standards are set without participation from the class,students may spend a great deal of creative energy in destroying the class environment or finding ways to break rules.
No matter how skillful the teacher is in uniting students and creating a positive atmosphere,the task is never complete.Regular maintenance is necessary.Conflicts arise.The needs of individual members change.A new kind of learning task requires a new organizational structure.Sometimes outside pressures such as holidays,upcoming tests or sport competitions,or family troubles cause stress in the classroom.One task for the teacher is to recreate a positive environment by helping students deal with conflict,change,and stress.

43.The underlined word"maintain"in Para.1 probably meansA.
A.conserve
B.build
C.recreate
D.evaluate
44.According to the author,the teacher shouldC.
A.free students from outside pressures
B.set the standards and rules on his own
C.be responsible for a well-organized class
D.focus more on instruction and evaluation
45.From the passage we can learn thatD.
A.rules cannot be changed once they're formed
B.outside pressures may not cause tension among students
C.if the teacher well unites his students,he then will finish his task
D.if rules are not acceptable both to students and teachers,the classroom can be a mess
46.What is the author's main purpose of writing the passage?A
A.To provide information for teaching.
B.To show the importance of teaching a class.
C.To study the teacher's behavior in the classroom.
D.To compare the teacher's behavior with the students'in class.

分析 教育所包含的内容远甚于领导关系.有些老师将时间和经历花在训导方面,另外一些花在评估方面.正是作为组内领导者的老师才能为训导和评估活动创造有效率的组织结构和良好的工作环境.

解答 43-46 ACDA
43:A.词义猜测题.helping to form and maintain a positive learning environment帮助形成并保持一种积极的学习环境,maintain保持,故选A.
44:A.细节理解题.根据第一段"But it is the teacher as a group leader who creates an effective organizational structure and good working environment"可知,创造一种有效的组织结构和良好的学习环境是老师的职责所在,故选C.
45:D.细节理解题.根据第三段"Without clear regulations agreeable to the students and teachers,the classroom can become chaotic."可知,没有明确的针对老师和学生的规定,教室会变得一片混乱.故选D.
46:A.写作意图题.根据"Teaching is more than leadership…On the first day of class,the teacher faces a room filled with individuals…One task for the teacher is to recreate a positive environment by helping students deal with conflict,change,and stress."可知,文章讲的是,教师如何做好教学工作,管理好学生,故选A.

点评 解答细节理解题时,一个常用的方法就是运用定位法,即根据题干和选项中的关键词从原文中找到相关的句子,与选项进行比较从而确定答案;推理判断题既要求学生透过文章表面文字信息推测文章隐含意思,又要求学生对作者的态度、意图及文章细节的发展作正确的推理判断,力求从作者的角度去考虑,不要固守自己的看法或观点

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