If you know something is bad for you, why can’t you just stop? About 70% of smokers say they would like to stop. Drug and alcohol abusers (滥用者) struggle to give up the bad habits that hurt their bodies and destroy families and friendships. And many of us have unhealthy weight that we could lose if only we would eat right and exercise more. So why don’t we do it?
Some scientists have been searching for answers. They’ve studied what happens in our brains as habits form. They’ve found answers to why bad habits, once formed, are so difficult to kick. And they’re developing ways to help us make the changes we’d like to make.
Habits are a normal part of life, and are often helpful. “ We wake up every morning, shower, comb our hair or brush our teeth without being aware of it,” Volkow says. We can drive along familiar routes without really thinking about the directions. “When behaviors become automatic(不加思索的), it gives us an advantage, because the brain does not have to perform the action on purpose.” Volkow says. This frees up our brains to focus on different things.
One way to kick bad habits is to focus on your unhealthy habits. Then try your best to stop them. For example, habits can be linked in our minds to certain places and activities. You could develop a plan, say, to avoid walking down the hall where there’s a candy machine. Try to avoid going places where you’ve usually smoked. Stay away from friends and situations linked to problem drinking or drug use.
Another helpful way is to replace unhealthy habits with new, healthy ones. “It doesn’t work for everyone,” Volkow says. “But certain groups of patients who have a history of taking a drug can do something else like running and it helps them stay away from drugs.”
1.In the first paragragh the writer mainly wants to tell us ______.
A. we should stop something bad for us
B. most smokers would like to stop smoking
C. bad habits are really difficult to give up
D. eating right and exercise more can lose weight
2.Scientists studied what happened in our brains as habits form in order to______.
A. find answers to solve the problem
B. find ways to form good habits
C. kick their own bad habits
D. help us see how bad habits form
3. If you want to kick bad habits you’d better_______.
A. focus on them on purpose
B. go to the places linked with them
C. do something linked with them
D. ask your friends for help
4.What is the main idea of the passage?
A. Breaking bad habits.
B. Forming good habits.
C. Finding reasons for bad habits
D. Replacing bad habits with good ones.
科目：高中英语 来源：2017届江苏省高三暑期考试英语试卷（解析版） 题型：阅读理解
Cocoa Beach /Jupiter Surf Camp — Summer |
Summer Surf Camp is centrally located on the Best Western seashore in Cocoa Beach & Jupiter at Carlin Beach Park with accommodations at the Holiday Inn Express in Juno Beach. |
Summer Surf Camp Dates: ● Surf Camp — Session 1 May 27th—30th Family Surf Week (All Ages) ● Surf Camp— Session 2 June 2nd—6th Family Surf Week (All Ages) ● Surf Camp — Session 3 June 9th—13th Teen Week (Ages 12—17) ● Surf Camp — Session 4 June 16th—20th Family Surf Week (All Ages) ● Surf Camp — Session 5 June 23rd—27th Adults Only (18 and over) ● Surf Camp — Session 6 June 30th—July 3rd Family Surf Week (All Ages) ● Surf Camp — Session 7 July 7th—11th Family Surf Week (All Ages) ● Surf Camp — Session 8 July 14th—18th Women’s Camp (18 and over) ● Surf Camp — Session 9 July 21st—25th Family Surf Week (All Ages) ● Surf Camp — Session 10 July 28th—August 1st Adults Only (18 and over) |
* A 20% discount will be applied to the 4-Day Surf Camp Weeks. * Parents are always welcome to sign up and join their children during the teen week surf camp sessions. Summer Camp Details: ● Use coupon(优惠券) code: “CAMP5” at checkout to get the 5% discount * Daily Rate: $125.00 / person * Surf Camp Runs: 9:30 a.m. — 2:30 p.m. ●Please note: We don’t supervise(监督) the campers after 2: 45 p.m. * Directions to Camp: click here |
1.Who are allowed to take part in Session 5 and Session 8?
A. Mr Johnson and his wife.
B. A couple without children.
C. Mr Black and his 19-year-old son.
D. Mrs Black and her 21-year-old daughter.
2.If Mr and Mrs Brown have a “CAMP5” coupon and want to join in the Summer Surf Camp from June 30th to July 3rd, how much should they pay?
A. $600. B. $760. C. $800. D. $950.
3.What can we know from the form?
A. The campers are supervised all day.
B. A couple can sign up and join in the Camp by fax.
C. Parents can take part in Session 3 together with their children.
D. An adult can join in the Summer Surf Camp on any day in June.
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科目：高中英语 来源：2016届河南省八市高三英语第三次质量检测试卷（解析版） 题型：七选五
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Everybody knows about lots of relatively easy things on weight loss. 1. However, if you have ever tried some before without success, then the following guides could be more useful for your life.
There’s no magical diet.
We often think that if we can just discover the “right” kinds of foods, we’ll magically lose weight or maintain what we’ve lost. In fact there doesn’t seem to be any “right” diet, and there doesn’t seem to be any evidence that one particular diet will work better with an individual’s body. 2.
Dieting gets the better of exercising.
It is said that exercise is the key to weight loss—taking the stairs instead of the elevator will make a difference, for instance. 3. Decreasing food intake is much more effective than increasing physical activity to achieve weight loss. Of course, both together would be even better.
Work harder than other people.
Exercise may not help go back to what it was before you gained weight. So if you’ve been overweight and you lose weight, maintaining that loss means you’re probably going to have to work harder than other people. Building muscles can help your body burn a few more calories. 4. It seems unfair, but that’s the way it is.
5.
For energy balance, it’s the number of calories that counts. It’s certainly true at least in theory and sometimes in practice. You can gain weight eating too much healthy food as well as unhealthy food. So the point is not to question what a calorie is, but rather to understand that we need to exchange the calorie-packed foods for foods that are less calorie-dense and more nutritionally dense.
A. All calories are created equal.
B. Some of them are also extremely effective when actually carried out.
C. A calorie is a calorie!
D. We know pretty much that any diet will work if you follow it.
E. However, it’s much more efficient to cut calories.
F. Some of the calories we burn come from our basic exercise.
G. However, it’s also likely that you’ll have to do more in the long run.
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科目：高中英语 来源：2015-2016学年辽宁实验中学分校高二下期末考试英语试卷（解析版） 题型：阅读理解
Friends play an important part in our lives, and although we may take friendship for granted, we often don't clearly understand how we make friends. While we get on well with a number of people, we are usually friends with only a very few---for example, the average among students is about 6 per person. In all the cases of friendly relationships, two people like one another and enjoy being together, but beyond that, the degree of intimacy(亲密) between them and the reasons for the shared interests vary enormously. As we get to know people, we take into account things like age, race, economic conditions, social position, and intelligence. Although these factors are not of prime importance, it is more difficult to get on with people when there is a marked difference in age and background.
Some friendly relationships can be kept on argument and discussion, but it is usual for close friends to have similar ideas and beliefs, to have attitudes and interests in common ---they often talk about “being on the same wavelength.” It generally takes time to reach this point. And the more intimately involved people become, the more they rely on one another. People want to do friends favors and hate to break a promise. Equally, friends have to learn to put up with annoying habits and try to tolerate differences of opinion.
In contrast with marriage, there are no friendship ceremonies to strengthen the association between two persons. But the supporting and understanding of each other that results from shared experiences and emotions does seem to create a powerful bond, which can overcome differences in background, and break down barriers of age, class or race.
1.According to the author, ____.
A. all those who get on well with each other are friends
B. friends are closer than people who just get on with each other
C. everyone understands clearly how to make friends
D. every student has 6 friends
2.In paragraph 2, “being on the same wavelength” means ____.
A. using the same frequency while taking
B. keeping the same friendly relationship as other people do
C. having similar ideas, beliefs, attitudes and interests
D. having the same background
3.Which of the following is not implied in the passage?
A. Even friends may have differences of opinion.
B. Friends never argue with each other.
C. It generally takes time for people to become close friends.
D. Someone’s habits may annoy his friends.
4.To strengthen friendly relationship, people ____.
A. must hold friendship ceremonies
B. have to eliminate(消除) differences in background
C. should make friends with those who are of the same age and of the same race
D. should support and understand each other through shared experiences and emotions
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科目：高中英语 来源：2015-2016学年吉林汪清县六中高二下期末考试英语试卷（解析版） 题型：完形填空
完形填空
It happened to me several years ago when I was with my parents and sister on _________ on a farm close to Medellin. We were in a car, and it was 2:00 in the morning. We came across a car _________
As is known to all, it is _________ in some places in Colombia to stop and help strangers because it can be risky (危险的)；you can be _________ . Actually, I have heard of so many _________ in which people have been robbed just because they stopped and tried to help people who _________ to need help from the passers-by.
_________ , we didn't know whether to stop or not ; but in the end , _________ , we decided to do it. They had really had a car accident and some of them were _________ . We took them to the hospital. They were really _________ , and we also felt very good about helping them.
I remember the next day when we 51 my grandfathers and uncles about that, they said we shouldn’t have _________ because it was too dangerous. They thought we were _________ because we were able to tell the _________ and still take a vacation on the farm. They _________ us never to do that again.
I think it was risky, but it was worth taking the _________ . Otherwise, we would always have _________ if it was real. Also, if we hadn’t helped them, who knows what would have _________to them.
I believe that one of the reasons why we made up our mind _________ to stop was the fact that we were four people in the car. Maybe if I had been by myself_________I wouldn’t have stopped.
1.A. duty B. time C. show D. vacation
2.A. robbery B. accident C. trade D. race
3.A. convenient B. dangerous C. kind D. difficult
4.A. robbed B. praised C. appreciated D. punished
5.A. passers-by B. cars C. cases D. problems
6.A. refused B. offered C. pretended D. decided
7.A. However B. So C. Otherwise D. Yet
8.A. unluckily B. unwillingly C. unexpectedly D.luckily
9.A.caught B.wounded C. killed D. injured
10.A.thankful B. risky C. peaceful D. frightened
11.A.told B. spoke C. informed D. reminded
12.A.survived B. stopped C. driven D. run
13.A.brave B. kind C. lucky D. stubborn
14.A message B. report C. joke D. story
15.A. advised B. suggested C. persuaded D. forced
16.A. advice B. trouble C. risk D. trip
17.A. wandered B. wondered C. remembered D.regretted
18.A. happened B. faced C. meant D. given
19.A. brains B. decisions C. intentions D. minds
20.A. in the future B. at that time C. at times D. time and again
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科目：高中英语 来源：2015-2016学年湖北天门、仙桃、潜江高一下期末考试英语卷（解析版） 题型：七选五
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Researchers have shown that your talent for happiness is, to a large degree, determined by your genes（基因）. 1. We can do this by overcoming negative emotions and developing positive emotions.
Strategy（策略）1: 2.
The first step is to make a choice to be happy. In Seeking Happiness, Bertrand Russell said, “Happiness must be an achievement rather than a gift of the gods, and in this achievement, effort must play a great part.”
Once you’ve decided to be happier, you can choose strategies for achieving happiness.
Strategy 2: Develop gratitude（感激）.
In Authentic Happiness, psychologist Martin Seligman encourages readers to perform a daily “gratitude exercise”. 3.
Strategy 3: Remember, money can’t buy happiness.
Research shows: 4. Yes, “we always think that some things are wrong because they cannot bring us happiness.” writes Daniel Gilbert in Stumbling on Happiness.
Strategy 4: Take part in meaningful activities.
“People are seldom happier,” says Jackson, “than when they’re doing meaningful activities.”
Yet, he has found that the most common leisure（休闲）activity — watching TV — produces some of the lowest levels of happiness. 5. Active leisure that helps a person grow does not come easily, he writes in Finding Flow.
A. Choose to be happy.
B. Seek happiness.
C. However, psychologists believe we can pursue happiness.
D. This drives bitterness from our heart, and promotes happiness.
E. Happiness is decided by many things.
F. To get more out of life, we need to put more into it.
G. More money doesn’t often bring more happiness.
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科目：高中英语 来源：2015-2016学年福建莆田六中高二下期末考试英语试卷（解析版） 题型：语法填空
语法填空
According to a recent survey，violence did exist in schools．Students 1. （show） their fear and parents and teachers also expressed their great concern about it． 2. （expert）hope the whole society will pay more attention to the mental health of adolescents．
Nowadays， school violence is 3. hot issue．I think this is a phenomenon， 4. calls for our great concern． We should try every effort 5. （prevent） violence happening at school for more and more students would drop out of school if their personal 6. （safe）could not be guaranteed． In fact， violence can be learned． Children learn violent behavior from adults or from 7. they see on television or on the Internet．
If I meet with school violence， I will not answer violence 8.violence， for it will result in 9. （much） fighting．I will tell my teachers or parents about it． I think they will help me deal with it well and they will protect me from the bad guys．
All in all， every student should behave 10. （he） and keep away from violence．
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科目：高中英语 来源：2017届湖南长沙长郡中学高三模底测试英语试卷（解析版） 题型：短文改错
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用（﹨）划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Li Hua and I were neighboures and we went to same school. We always went to school together. We were good friend and had a great deal to share with every day. However, one day, Li Hua copied my homework, which made me such angry that I did not want to be friends with him any long. Then on Monday morning I ran downstairs without realize it was raining, but there was no time to return home to fetch an umbrella. It happens that Li Hua was just around the corner and be offered to share her umbrella with me. He made apology to me in a gently voice. I forgave him but gave him a hug.
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科目：高中英语 来源：2017届河南洛阳一中高三上期第一次月考英语试卷（解析版） 题型：阅读理解
A man enters a store to buy milk. He walks out of the store with milk. That is all—milk. At the same time, a woman enters the same grocery store also to buy milk. She buys it. But, she also buys chicken and lemons to make dinner that night. She also gets a bottle of wine for drinks with friends and a birthday card for her husband’s niece. And that is the difference between the female and male brains simply explained in a grocery store. Generally speaking, men do one thing at a time. Women do many. Doing many things at one time is often called “multi-tasking,” a very popular word these days.
Now scientific research supports this theory about male and female brains. A recent study has confirmed what we have known all along—men and women think differently.
Scientists at the University of Pennsylvania studied brain images of 949 people aged from 8 to 22 years old. They found that male brains have more connections on one side of the brain, or hemisphere. In the female brain, they found more activity and connections between the right and left sides of the brain. The left side of the brain is known as the side of “reason”. The right hemisphere is known as the “creative” side.
Regina Verma is a professor at the University of Pennsylvania. She co-wrote the report. She says when women are asked to do something complicated they might use different parts of the brain. But men generally use just one.
As a result, men generally deal directly with a problem. There is a strong connection between the “understanding” and the “action” parts of their brains. Women, however, might include other parts of the brain, like the part connected with “reason” and the part connected with sensitivity when solving a problem. Women take a less direct path to find a solution.
Thanks for your listening. I’m your announcer Anna Matteo.
1.From Paragraph 1, we can learn that women ________.
A. are more hard-working than men
B. are more multi-tasking than men
C. are more careful than men
D. go shopping more than men
2.When asked to do something complicated, men __________.
A. only use the “reason” side of the brain
B. only use the “creative” side of the brain
C. use different parts of the brain
D. use one part of the brain
3.What can be inferred from the passage?
A. Men like doing something difficult.
B. Men take a less direct path to find a solution.
C. Women usually deal with a problem indirectly.
D. Women brains have more connections on one side.
4.The main purpose of the passage is to tell us ________.
A. that men and women really do think differently
B. who want to go shopping more, men or women
C. why women want to do many things at one time
D. that men and women all like to drink milk
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