Question

【题目】Last night's meteor(流星) shower left many people in Emerald Valley dissatisfied. They gathered in the suburbs of the city with heavy telescopes，expecting to watch the brightly burning meteors passing through the sky. However, what they found was a sky so brightened by the city's lights that it darkened the light of the meteors passing overhead.

“My family was so frustrated，” admitted town resident Duane Cosby, “We wanted to make this an unforgettable family outing，but it turned out to be a huge disappointment.”

Astronomers—scientists who study stars and planets—have been complaining about this problem for many years. They say that light pollution prevents them from seeing objects in the sky that they could see quite easily in the past. They call on people and the government to take measures to fight against it.

Besides professional and amateur(业余的) star observers, there is yet a population that suffers even more from light pollution. This population consists of birds，bats, frogs, and snakes etc. For example, outdoor lighting severely affects migrating(迁徙的)birds. According to the International DarkSky Association, “100 million birds a year throughout North America die in crashes with lighted buildings and towers. ”

Countless animals injuries and deaths result from the use of artificial lighting. Clearly, people enjoy the benefits of lighting their evenings, but some scientists think it can be harmful to humans, too. They worry that exposure to light while sleeping can increase people's chances of getting cancer.

Emerald Valley is only one community that is becoming aware of the negative effects of light pollution. For years, Flagstaff, Arizona has enforced lighting rules in its city in order to help astronomers with their observations. Similar efforts have been made worldwide, and a movement is underway to remind us to turn off lights when we are not using them, so that other creatures can share the night.

【1】It happened last night that ________．

A. the city's lights affected the meteor watching

B. the meteors flew past before being noticed

C. the city’s lights show attracted many people

D. the meteor watching ended in a social outing

【2】According to Paragraph 4, we know that ________．

A. birds may take other migration paths

B. animals' living habits may change suddenly

C. varieties of animals will become sharply reduced

D. animals' survival is threatened by outdoor lighting

【3】Lighting rules in Flagstaff, Arizona are put into effect to ________．

A. reduce the chance of getting cancer

B. create an ideal observation condition

C. ensure people a good sleep at night

D. enable all creatures to live in harmony

【4】What can we learn from the text?

A. Saving wildlife is saving ourselves.

B. Great efforts should be made to save energy.

C. Human activities should be environmentally friendly.

D. New equipment should be introduced for space study.

Answer 1

【答案】population that suffers even more from light pollution. This population consists of birds，bats, frogs, and snakes etc. outdoor lighting D选项animals' survival is threatened by outdoor lighting

找出主题句，抓住文章主线和关键词语，归纳文章中心。要注意不是所有的段落都有主题句，有时主题句暗含在句中。阅读这样的文章，就需要自己根据文章的细节来分析，概括出段落的主题，从而推导出文章的主旨。分析的方法是：先弄清该段落主要讲了哪几方面的内容，这些内容在逻辑上有什么联系，然后加以归纳形成主题。

【3】B

细节理解题。题干中的信息告诉我们答案应该出现在最后一段，根据“For years, Flagstaff, Arizona has enforced lighting rules in its city in order to help astronomers with their observations Similar efforts have been made worldwide, and a movement is underway to remind us to turn off lights when we are not using them, so that other creatures can share the night.。” 多年来，弗拉格斯塔夫、亚利桑那州已经实施的城市照明规则以帮助天文学家观测。世界各地也作出了类似的努力，一项运动正在提醒我们在不使用电灯时关灯，这样其他生物就可以共享夜晚。分析句意可知，这样可以创造出更理想的观察条件。分析选项可知答案为B。

【4】C

推理判断题。文中作者反复强调光污染问题对人类的一些活动和动物的影响。这显然是强调环境问题。分析选项可知C项（人类活动应该是环保的）符合题意。故选C项。

【解析】“

科普环保类阅读。许多人想在晚上看流星雨，结果由于光线太亮，影响了他们的观看效果。由此引发了人们对光污染的思考。本文是一篇议论文，文章由一个事例引发出要讨论的话题。

【1】A

细节理解第一段的最后一句“a sky so brightened by the city’s lights that it darkened the light of the meteors passing overhead” 城市的灯光使天空变得明亮，它使头顶上方的流星的光线变暗了。分析句意可知，即城市的灯光影响了观看流星。Ａ符合题意，故选A。

【2】D

【解题剖析】此题属于主旨大意中的（2）一一主旨类。答案需要看第二段的最后一句找主题句。

【答案定位】第四段第一句话“.Besides professional and amateur(业余的) star observers, there is yet a population that suffers even more from light pollution. This population consists of birds，bats, frogs, and snakes etc. outdoor lighting severely affects migrating…100 million birds a year throughout North America die in crashes with lighted buildings and towers.”除了专业及业余的观星者之外，还有些群体也受到了光污染的影响。而这些群体指的就是birds、bats等动物，户外的灯光影响了鸟类的迁徙，甚至有的鸟儿因发光的建筑物及灯塔而死。户外照明严重影响迁徙鸟类。

【推理关系】题干According to Paragraph 4, we know that ________． 文章内容（中心句）there is yet a population that suffers even more from light pollution. This population consists of birds，bats, frogs, and snakes etc. outdoor lighting severely affects migrating…100 million birds a year throughout North America die in crashes with lighted buildings and towers.