¡ªThe authors of computer viruses are geniuses.
¡ªI agree. If they applied their wisdom to other net technology ________ human beings can benefit£¬it would be better.
A£®in which B£®through which
C£®from which D£®during which
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The publication of "Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince" gladdens booksellers across China£®The British and American editions were No£®1 and No£®3 respectively on the sales chart of the Beijing Xidan Book Building last week£®The book's poster is highlighted and news about the book can often be heard on the radio£®
Why is the book so attractive to children? With curious mood, the author got a copy of "Harry Potter"£®Originally, I wanted to glance over it and made some criticisms£®But, out of expectation, the author has been deeply attracted by the magic world£®On the other hand, one cannot help asking: where is our own "Harry Potter"?
The Chinese nation has a history of 5,000 years, which cannot be regarded as short and its culture as not profound£®With a vast market of youngsters, China did publish many books popular among children£®However, why are the present works not as good as those imported?
There come two major reasons: Firstly, quite a number of children's books are of strong sense of teaching, and lack interest and entertainment£®Children often have a feeling of being "educated"£®No wonder they don't like them£®Secondly, children's reading materials involving "idiom stories" and "Chinese talents' stories", though always in different covers, are usually much the same or plagiarized£®One knows the ending as early as in the beginning£®In final analysis, the authors of the books seldom take children's requirements into consideration£®
As a matter of fact, each child has his own wonderful imagination£®They long to understand the world and nature£®Similarly they have their own choices£®They dislike similar stories, even if the stories are excellent£®First-class reading for children should be very interesting, which contains knowledge and the essence of national culture, which are presented in children's language£®
Market is a touchstone for products£®The theory also holds true for cultural products£®It is hoped that the authors of children's books can learn something from the good market of "Harry Potter" and write out more and better books loved by children£®
1£®The disadvantages of our books are the following except____
A£®they have little sense of interest and entertainment
B£®many of our books are of the same
C£®the authors didn¡¯t pay much attention to the children¡¯s tastes£®
D£®Our authors never know what our children need£®
2£®The reason why the imported book is so popular is that _____£®
A£®it has no sense of teaching
B£®it opens a wonderful world for children to explore
C£®it is only written in children¡¯s language
D£®it is advertised more on TV or poster£®
3£®What¡¯s the feeling of the writer when he finishes reading ¡°Harry Potter¡±?
A£®He is so angry that he wants to criticize the book
B£®He is also attracted by the book
C£®He is shocked by the book, meanwhile he is worried about our books£®
D£®He can¡¯t help looking for Harry Potter£®
4£®What does the writer mean by writing ¡°where¡¯s our own Harry Potter¡±?
A£®We are short of books for children
B£®We Chinese must produce books as popular as ¡°Harry Potter¡±£®
C£®Authors should write books in the same way as ¡°Harry Potter¡±
D£®Our authors are hoped to make the market of our books for children take off
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New genetic analysis has revealed that many Amazon tree species are likely to survive human-made climate warming in the coming century, contrary to previous findings that temperature increases would cause them to die out. A study, 1 in the latest edition of Ecology and Evolution, reveals the 2 age of some Amazonian tree species -- more than 8 million years -- and 3 shows that they have survived previous periods as warm as many of the global warming imagined periods 4 for the year 2100.
The authors write that, having survived warm periods in the past, the trees will 5 survive future warming, provided there are no other major environmental changes. 6 extreme droughts and forest fires will impact Amazonia as temperatures 7 , the trees will stand the direct impact of higher temperatures. The authors 8 that as well as reducing greenhouse gas emissions to minimize the risk of drought and fire, conservation policy should remain 9 on preventing deforestation£¨²É·¥ÉÁÖ£©for agriculture and mining.
The study disagrees with other recent researches which predicted tree species¡¯ extinctions 10 relatively small increases in global average air temperatures.
Study co-author Dr Simon Lewis (UCL Geography) said the 11 were good news for Amazon tree species, but warned that drought and over-exploitation of the forest remained major 12 to the Amazon¡¯s future.
Dr Lewis said: ¡°The past cannot be compared directly with the future. while tree species seem likely to 13 higher air temperatures than today, the Amazon forest is being transformed for agriculture and 14 , and what remains is being degraded by logging, and increasingly split up by fields and roads.
¡°Species will not move as freely in today¡¯s Amazon as they did in previous warm periods, when there was no human 15 . Similarly, today¡¯s climate change is extremely fast, making comparisons with slower changes in the past 16 .¡±
¡°With a clearer 17 of the relative risks to the Amazon forest, we 18 that direct human impacts -- such as forest clearances for agriculture or mining -- should remain a key point of conservation policy. We also need more aggressive 19 to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in order to make minimum the risk of drought and fire impacts and 20 the future of most Amazon tree species.¡±
1. A£®advertised B£®described C£®published D£®presented
2. A£®frightening B£®surprising C£®exciting D£®interesting
3. A£®still B£®nevertheless C£®however D£®therefore
4. A£®assess B£®confirm C£®forecast D£®promise
5. A£®particularly B£®probably C£®merely D£®possibly
6. A£®Since B£®Although C£®When D£®If
7. A£®rise B£®change C£®drop D£®end
8. A£®consider B£®decide C£®guarantee D£®recommend
9. A£®based B£®built C£®focused D£®made
10. A£®in relation to B£®in response to C£®in reply to D£®in reference to
11. A£®findings B£®thoughts C£®inventions D£®writings
12. A£®threats B£®disadvantages C£®embarrassments D£®instructions
13. A£®accept B£®tolerate C£®permit D£®Require
14. A£®farming B£®planting C£®catering D£®mining
15. A£®power B£®influence C£®desire D£®violence
16. A£®difficult B£®clear C£®easy D£®important
17. A£®belief B£®direction C£®understanding D£®suggestion
18. A£®doubt B£®conclude C£®calculate D£®prefer
19. A£®thought B£®guidance C£®protection D£®action
20. A£®secure B£®advance C£®sacrifice D£®evaluate
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A practical English Grammar is intended for intermediate£¨Öм¶µÄ£© and post-intermediate students. We hope that more advanced learners and teachers will also find it useful.
The book is a comprehensive survey of structures and forms, written in clear modern English and illustrated with numerous examples. Areas of particular difficulty have been given special attention. Differences between conversational usage and strict grammatical forms are shown but the emphasis is on controversial forms.
In the fourth edition the main changes are as follows.
1. Explanation and examples have been brought up to date.
2. There is now more information on countable and uncountable nouns, attributive and predicative adjectives, adverbs of place, sentence adverbs, cleft sentences, prepositions, conjunctives, modal verbs, perfect tenses, infinitive constructions, the passive, purpose clauses and nouns.
3. Some material has been rearranged to make comparisons easier. For example, parts of chapters on can, may, must etc. are now grouped by functions; verbs of liking and preference have a chapter to themselves; suggestions and invitations have joined the chapter on commands, requests and advice.
4. The contents list now summaries every edition heading, and there is a new index containing many more entries references.
In this edition the sign ¡°~¡± is frequently used to show a change of speaker in examples of dialogue. Note also that although the sign ¡°="¡±" sometimes connects two words or expressions with the same meaning, it is often used more freely, e.g. to indicate a transformation from active to passive or direct to indirect speech.
We wish to thank all at Oxford University Press who have assisted in the preparation of the fourth edition. We would also like to thank Professor Egawa of Nihon University, Japan, Professor Rene Dirven of Duisburg University, West Germany and other colleagues for their friendly and helpful suggestions.
London, November 1985 A.J.T., A.VM
1.The grammar book mentioned in this passage is not suitable for .
A£®a middle school teacher B£®a primary school student
C£®a senior high student D£®a college student
2.According to the passage, we know that his grammar book .
A£®compares modern English with old English
B£®gives a large number of examples to reduce difficulty
C£®attaches more importance to conversational forms
D£®pays little attention to strict grammatical forms
3.Which of the following statements about the changes is TRUE?
A£®This book keeps up with the latest usages of the America English language.
B£®This edition offers more information about pronouns.
C£®It¡¯s not easy for us to find the information we need in this book.
D£®One particular chapter discusses verbs like ¡°care, like, love, hate, prefer, wish¡±.
4.When you see this line in the book, ¡°Did you get a ticket? ~Yes, I managed to get one¡±, we can understand that .
A£®the two parts before and after the sign ¡°~¡± mean the same
B£®the two parts before and after ¡°~¡± are said by two different people
C£®the second speaker repeats what the first speaker says
D£®the topic is changed in the part after the sign ¡°~¡±
5.In the last paragraph, the authors thank several people because .
A£®they have helped the authors with this edition
B£®they have agreed to buy a lot of books from the authors
C£®the authors want to make use of the fames of those people
D£®those people will make advertisements for this book
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A recent study, published in last week¡¯s Journal of the American Medical Association, offers a picture of how risky it is to get a lift from a teenage driver. Indeed, a 16-year-old driver with three or more passengers is three times as likely to have a fatal accident as a teenager driving alone. By contrast, the risk of death for drivers between 30 and 59 decreases with each additional passenger.
The authors also found that the death rates for teenage drivers increased dramatically after 10 p.m., and especially after midnight. With passengers in the car, the driver was even more likely to die in a late-night accident.
Robert Foss, a scientist at the University of North Carolina Highway Safety Research Center, says the higher death rates for teenage drivers have less to do with ¡°really stupid behavior¡± than with just a lack of driving experience. ¡°The basic issue¡±, he says, ¡°is that adults who are responsible for issuing licenses fail to recognize how complex and skilled task the driving is.¡±
Both he and the author of the study believe that the way to mitigate (¼õÇá) the problem is to have states institute so-called graduated licensing systems, in which getting a license is a multistage process. A graduated license requires that a teenager first prove himself capable of driving in the presence of an adult, followed by a period of driving with passenger restrictions, before graduating to full driving privileges.
Graduated licensing systems have reduced teenage driver crashes, according to recent studies. About half of the states now have some sort of graduated licensing system in place, but only 10 of
those states have restrictions on passengers. California is the strictest, with a novice (³õѧÕß) driver prohibited from carrying any passenger under 20 for the first six months.
46. Which of the following situations is most dangerous according to the passage?
A. Adults giving a lift to teenagers on the highway after 10 p.m.
B. A teenager driving after midnight with passengers in the car.
C. Adults driving with three or more teenage passengers late at night.
D. A teenager getting a lift from a stranger on the highway at midnight.
47. According to Robert Foss, the high death rate of teenage drivers is mainly due to _________.
A. their lack of driving experience??? B. their frequent driving at night
C. their improper way of driving??? D. their driving with passengers
48. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to Paragraph 3?
A. Teenagers should spend more time learning to drive.
B. Driving is a skill too complicated for teenagers to learn.
C. Restrictions should be imposed on teenagers applying to take driving lessons.
D. The licensing authorities are partly responsible for teenagers' driving accidents.
49. A suggested measure to be taken to reduce teenagers' driving accidents is that _________.
A. driving in the presence of an adult should be made a rule
B. they should be prohibited from taking on passengers
C. the licensing system should be greatly improved
D. they should not be allowed to drive after 10 p.m.
50. The present situation in about half of the states is that the graduated licensing system _______.
A. is under discussion????? B. has been put into effect
C. is about to be set up?????? D. has been perfected
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Research shows that humans switch from selfish to unselfish behaviors when they are watched. Do you?
A picture of a set of eyes on a computer screen can cause a change in the way people act. Even images of eyes on a charity donation, collection box encourage people to be unselfish, because people put more money in a collection box that has a picture of eyes on it than they do when a flower symbol is on the box.
|
Biology in Germany and Bettina Rockenbach of the University of Berlin,
the authors of a new study, found that people act better when they are being
watched because they feel they will be rewarded for good behaviour.
Their report also referred to other research showing that this response of
behaving well when watched is somehow coded into humans and
people respond this way unconsciously, or without realising it.
It is not just humans that act unselfishly when they are being watched.
A fish called the grooming fish cleans other fish. When other fish are
around, it is gentler. When no other fish are around, however, the grooming fish bites chunks from the fish it is supposed to be cleaning.
The researchers suggest that the best way to get people to behave in the correct way is to make them feel watched. This could be the reason for the success of a famous American army poster. On it was a picture of an elderly man staring fiercely and pointing, it appeared, to the person who was looking at the poster. Under the picture was the caption ¡®I Want You¡¯. It encouraged hundreds of thousands of young American men to join the army during the Second World War to fight the Germans and Japanese.
1. According to the report, why does a person behave better when he feels he is being watched?
A. He does not want to be shamed by others.
B. He needs to show he is a good person.
C. He desires others to like him more.
D. He feels he will receive some social reward.
2. The underlined word ¡®coded¡¯ (paragraph 3) is closest in meaning to______.
A. hidden B. programmed C. forgotten D. leaned
3. What is the text mainly about?
A. It describes changed behaviour when observed.
B. It details ways to control people's behaviour.
C. It tells how to make people work harder.
D. It discusses different advertising methods.
4. According to the text, which of the following statements is True?
A. People pretend to behave better when they are watched.
B. Fish bite other fish in a fish tank when they are alone.
C. People donate more money when they feel they are watched.
D. Soldiers fought better during World War II because of a poster.
5. Where would the study described in the text most likely be found?
A. In a newspaper. B. In a scientific journal.
C. In an advertising magazine. D. In a science textbook.
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