Question

Betty and Harold have been married for years. But one thing still puzzles (困扰) old HarolD．How is it that he can leave Betty and her friend Joan sitting on the sofa, talking, go out to a ball game, come back three and a half hours later, and they’re still sitting on the sofa? Talking?

    What in the world, Harold wonders, do they have to talk about?

    Betty shrugs.  Talk? We’re friends.

    Researching this matter called friendship, psychologist Lillian Rubin spent two years interviewing more than two hundred women and men. No matter what their age, their job, their sex, the results were completely clear: women have more friendships than men, and the difference in the content and the quality of those friendships is “marked and unmistakable.”

    More than two thirds of the single men Rubin interviewed could not name a best frienD．Those who could were likely to name a woman. Yet three-quarters of the single women had no problem naming a best friend, and almost always it was a woman. More married men than women named their wife/husband as a best friend, most trusted person, or the one they would turn to in time of emotional distress (感情危机). “Most women,” says Rubin, “identified (认定) at least one, usually more, trusted friends to whom they could turn in a troubled moment, and they spoke openly about the importance of these relationships in their lives.”

    In general, writes Rubin in her new book, “Women’s friendships with each other rest on shared emotions and support, but men’s relationships are marked by shared activities. ” For the most part, Rubin says, interactions (交往) between men are emotionally controlled  a good fit with the social requirements of "manly behavior.”

    “Even when a man is said to be a best friend,” Rubin writes, “the two share little about their innermost feelings. Whereas a woman’s closest female friend might be the first to tell her to leave a failing marriage, it wasn’t unusual to hear a man say he didn’t know his frierld’s marriage was in serious trouble until he appeared one night asking if he could sleep on the sofa.”

1.What old Harold cannot understand or explain is the fact that ______.

A．he is treated as an outsider rather than a husband

B．women have so much to share

C．women show little interest in ball games

D．he finds his wife difficult to talk to

2.Rubin’s study shows that for emotional support a married women is more likely to turn to ________.

A．a male friend

B．a female friend

C．her parents

D．her husband

3.According to the text, which type of behavior is NOT expected of a man by society?

A．Ending his marriage without good reason.

B．Spending too much time with his friends.

C．Complaining about his marriage trouble.

D．Going out to ball games to often.

4.Which of the following statements is best supported by the last paragraph?

A．Men keep their innermost feeling to themselves.

B．Women are more serious than men about marriage.

C．Men often take sudden action to end their marriage.

D．Women depend on others in making decision.

5.The research done by psychologist Rubin centers around ________.

A．happy and successful marriage

B．friendships of men and women

C．emotional problems in marriage

D．interactions between men and women

 

Answer 1

答案：B;B;C;A;B
解析：

1.在实际生活中，我们见到的真实语篇的一个明显特点是：作者的想法不是以简单明确的形式阐述的，如1，2，3；因为……所以……。与这个特点相关联的另一个特点是：真实语篇的作者往往使用富于变化的语言修辞手段来列举或描述与中心话题相关的事实或其他信息。在本文的文本层面上，作者没有给出初级读者所迫切期待的简单而明确的结论，作者认为没有必要这样做，因为，作者认为读者需要表达方式的多样化。此类文章在现实生活中是经常会读到的。而正是这样的特点使相当数量的只熟悉“课本语篇”的考生误解了作者的核心意思。 本题所涉及的事实存在于第一自然段中，但是，在这个事实背后的深层事实则需要考生在全篇范围内去探索和概括： ①Harold经常被排斥在其妻与其妻之女友的谈话之外，但是，他并没有被视为局外人。(排除选项A) ②作者没有笼统地断言：妇女对球类运动了无兴趣。(排除选项C) ③全文没有断言Harold与他的妻子难于交谈。(排除选项D) ④我们可以找到证据说明选项B是正确的： Most women，identified at least one，usually more， trusted friends to whom they could turn in a troubled moment and they spoke openly about the importance of these relationships in their lives． 2.如果考生能够读懂本文的第5自然段，那么，他们就能够在此题上作出正确判断。 ①Rubin的研究表明：More than two-third ofthe single men could not name a best friend， ②Three-quarters of the single women had no problem naming a best friend． ③The person women thought as a best friend was always a woman． 判断此题时，考生所遇到的一个困难是语言表述的复杂性，而这需要较为丰富的语言经验和较好的语感。 3.考生判断本题的一个主要依据是本文最后一个自然段中的相关信息。这一段的信息是分两方面传输的：一方面说女子的交往以情感交流和支持为主；另一方面说男子的交往在情感上是有控制的，他们遵从“manly behavior”的社会规范。 本题的四个选项是四种不同的行为方式。本文虽然提到了婚姻，但是没有涉及A项内容；本文提到了与朋友共度过多的时光，但是，那是女子的行为习惯；本文也提到了球类运动，但与社会行为规范无关，所以，按照作者的意思，不被接受的男子社会行为方式是C项所涉及的内容。 4.考生解决本题需要在理解全篇的基础上认真地解读最后一个自然段。 实际上，本题的做题思路与上题是相同的。在现实生活中，四个选项的内容都可能符合实际情况，但是，作者写最后一段话所表达的意思是，女子的社会交往以情感交流和情感支持为主；男子的社会交往在情感上是有控制的。后面这一点的意思与选项A吻合。 5.本题要求考生对全篇的信息进行准确的综合和概括。四个选项的内容在本文中都涉及了。但是，全文的重点应当是分析男子的友谊和女子的友谊。

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