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      Niels Henrik David Bohr was born in Copenhagen on October 7,1885, as the son of Christian
Bohr, Professor of Physiology at Copenhagen University, and his wife Ellen. Niels, together with his
younger brother Harald, grew up in an atmosphere most favorable to the development of his gift-his
father was a great physiologist, who encouraged his interest in physics while he was still at school, and
his mother came from a family successful in the field of education.
     In 1903, Bohr entered Copenhagen University where he came under the guidance of Professor C.
Christiansen, a highly gifted physicist, and gained his master's degree in physics in 1909 and two years
later his doctorate.
     While still a student, the announcement by the Academy of Sciences in Copenhagen of a prize to
be awarded for the solution to a certain scientific problem, caused him to conduct an experimental and
theoretical investigation of surface tension (表面张力). This work, which he carried out in his father's
laboratory and for which he received the prize offered (a gold medal), was published in the  
Transactions of the Royal Society in 1908.
      In the autumn of 1911 he went to Cambridge University, where he profited by following the
experimental work going on in the Cavendish Laboratory under Sir J. J.Thomson's guidance. In
19131914 Bohr held a lectureship in physics  at Copenhagen University and in 19141916 a similar
appointment at the Victoria University in Manchester. In  1916 he was appointed Professor of
Theoretical Physics at Copenhagen University, and from 1920 (until his death in 1962) he was the head
of the Institute for Theoretical Physics, established for him at that university.

1. Being interested in physics in his childhood, Bohr________.

A. was greatly influenced by his family  
B. always visited his father's lab
C. benefited from his school teachers    
D. had read many science books

2. From the passage, we know that in 1911 Bohr________.

A. got his doctorate              
B. moved to England
C. entered Copenhagen University 
D. had his work on surface tension published

3. What's the writer's purpose in writing this passage?

A. To introduce how Niels Henrik David Bohr became a great physicist.
B. To tell Niels Henrik David Bohr's work experience.
C. To give a brief introduction to Niels Henrik David Bohr.
D. To list Niels Henrik David Bohr's great achievements.
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   B. The former Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, the USA, Japan, Canada and China.

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    A. A leader.     B. A pioneer.    C. A competitor.      D. A successful scientist.

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   A. In 1956, he made good preparations for the Fifth Research Institute of State Ministry of Defense.

   B. He made outstanding contributions to the establishment and development of Chinese aerospace undertaking.

   C. He returned to China, bringing China the hope of developing space science and its own missiles.

   D. He devoted all his life to China’s space science.

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   A. Qian Xuesen is very concerned about the development of young scientists.

   B. The help of Qian Xuesen is beneficial to young scientists.

   C. Qian Xuesen gives many opportunities to general designers.

   D. When the chief designers do something wrong, Qian Xuesen helps them find out the cause.

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科目:高中英语 来源: 题型:阅读理解

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III.阅读(共两节,满分40分)

第一节:阅读理解(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)

阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、和D)中选出最佳选项。

Qian Xuesen is one of the pioneers of China's space science. As a world-famous expert on aerospace rockets and aerodynamics, he obtained great achievements in the areas of applied mechanics, engineering cybernetics and system engineering and made distinguished contributions to the foundation and development of Chinese aerospace undertaking(事业).

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In 1955, six years after the founding of People's Republic of China, Qian Xuesen returned to his motherland. His return brought China the hope of developing space science and its own missiles.

In 1956, Qian Xuesen put forward “Proposal on the Development of China's Aviation Industry for National Defense”. With the support from Zhou Enlai, the premier, and marshal Nie Rongzheng, Qian Xuesen began to prepare for the establishment of China's first missile and rocket research and development structure, the Fifth Research Institute of State Ministry of Defense. Henceforth(从此以后), he has long been in charge of the chief technological research and development of China's missile, rocket and spacecraft.

Due to research and development led by Qian Xuesen, China successfully exploded its first atom bomb in 1964. Later, China launched its first man-made satellite, Dong Fang Hong I, to the earth orbit on April 24, 1970, becoming the fifth country in the world to independently launch satellite following the former Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, the USA, France and Japan. The satellite floated around the earth, blaring(高声播放) the song Dong Fang Hong, which has the same name as the satellite.

As a forerunner leading the development of China's aerospace science and technology, Qian Xuesen also provided chances for young scientists. Wang Yongzhi, former chief designer of China's manned-space project, has benefited a lot from Qian Xuesen. “He suggested that rocket of the second generation should be developed by our second generation scientists. This suggestion gave us chances to be general designers.” Recalling the experience working with Qian Xuesen, Sun Jiadong, general designer of China's lunar orbiter project, is very grateful. “He put great expectation on us and trusted us a lot. Whenever we made mistakes, he seldom blamed us, but helped us to find out the reason so we could avoid it in the future.”

Honored as Father of China's Missile and King of Rockets, Qian Xuesen never stopped his work on scientific research after he retired. He said he had no time to review the past, but looked forward to the future.

41. When did Qian xuesen begin to study in Massachusetts Institute of Technology?________

   A. In 1955.      B. In 1935.         C. In 1936.        D. In 1934.

42. Which of the following is about the five countries that launched man-made satellite independently before 1970?                           

   A. The former Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, the UK, France, China and Japan.

   B. The former Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, the USA, Japan, Canada and China.

   C. America, France, Japan, China and Australia.

   D. The former Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, America, France, Japan and China.

43. What does the underlined word “forerunner”(Paragraph 6) probably mean?                    

    A. A leader.     B. A pioneer.    C. A competitor.      D. A successful scientist.

44. According to the passage, which of the following about Qian Xuesen is NOT true?               

   A. In 1956, he made good preparations for the Fifth Research Institute of State Ministry of Defense.

   B. He made outstanding contributions to the establishment and development of Chinese aerospace undertaking.

   C. He returned to China, bringing China the hope of developing space science and its own missiles.

   D. He devoted all his life to China’s space science.

45. It can be inferred from Paragraph 6 that ______.

   A. Qian Xuesen is very concerned about the development of young scientists.

   B. The help of Qian Xuesen is beneficial to young scientists.

   C. Qian Xuesen gives many opportunities to general designers.

   D. When the chief designers do something wrong, Qian Xuesen helps them find out the cause.

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